Middle English Dictionary Entry
dọ̄ing(e ger.
Entry Info
| Forms | dọ̄ing(e ger. |
| Etymology |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
The performance of an act; ministration (of sacraments); commission (of an offense), etc.: -- often with obj. or of phr.
Associated quotations
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apost.(Dub 245)434 : So shulde perishe makyng of prests & doyng of sacraments.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 24.17 : I cam to doynge almes dedis [L facturus..veni] into my folk, and offringis, and vowis.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.279 : Socrates..wiþdrowe hym ofte from doynge of dedes.
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)47/89 : He shal..do his deuer as a wardein of þe bretherhede ought to do; & ȝif he refuse þe same doyng, he shal paie [etc.].
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)prol.2/16 : Þilke þat weren heyȝest in blysse, aftur þe doynge of hure trespas, þei weren deppest in peyne.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)1 Tim.2.1 : Therfor Y biseche..that..doyngis of thankyngis ben maad for alle men.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)Rom.1.32 : Þei þat suche thynges don ben worþi þe deth, boþe ȝe and þei þat assentyn to þe doynge.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)753 : She..couthe ynow of sich doyng As longeth unto karolyng.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)155b/b : In þe doyng forsoþ of fleobotomye he oweþ for to remouen his girdil.
- (1439) *Indent.Birm.PL : Metes and drynkes atte the tyme of the doyng of the saide mariage.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)141 : Thouȝ..for al maner of greet synnes doyng euerlasting peyne be þretened, ȝitt justnes [etc.].
- (1453) LRed Bk.Bristol2.200 : Not to be absent nor necligent in doing nor ministring diuine seruice.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)53/14 : Prudence is a kunnyng..techyng vs in oure gouernauncis of doyng and suffryng.
- (?1466) Stonor1.74 : The wiche is not yet don; and for lak of that doyng, hyt is to my grete hurt.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)147/25 : These beyng wytnys &c. Date & doyng.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)51/15 : He wolde be þerbi þe abiler into doyng of sum notable grettir goostli goode.
2.
(a) An action or activity; an act, operation; a deed or feat; gret ~; (b) something that is to be done, a task or duty; (c) pl. actions, activities, acts; feats; maken ~; ~ of apostles, the Acts of the apostles.
Associated quotations
a
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1359 : Ne schal y neuere ete..Or y ha told þy fader fore þy doyngge euery word.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)318a/a : Wex is goode and nedeful to many doynges [L vsibus]..Certeyn doynges and vsages ben y-cleped cerimonie & haueþ þat name of cera wexe.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)4.293 : Þer ys mede..for som doynge, deerne oþer elles.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)4.307 : Þat ys no mede bote a mercede, A maner diwe dette for þe doynge.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.7.54 : Yowr glorye..how mochel conteneth it in largesse and in greet doynge?
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.4.242 : Every jugement is the dede or the doyng of hym that demeth.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.2 : Lord..þi name is ful wondurful in al erþe, For þi greet doyng is reisid aboue heuenes.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2232 : Thow..that hast wrought This fayre world..al be that it was nat thy doing..Whi sufferest thow that Tereus was bore?
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)2662 : Thai rered the Galowes in haste. Roulande perceyued here doynge [etc.].
- c1450(?c1400) 3 KCol.(1) (Cmb Ee.4.32)84/22 : For þis wondirful doyng þe paynyms..cleped þes iij kyngis Magos.
- c1450 Battlefield Gram.(Trin-C O.5.4)110 : A verbe..by tokenyth doyng or suffryng.
b
- (1386) RParl.FM (C&D)36/79 : We haue be comaunded oft tyme vp owre ligeaunce to vnnedeful & vnleueful dyuerse doynges.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)3/8 : To goo aboute and deuice their dooyng.
c
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.7 : Storie is wytnesse of tyme, mynde of lyf..story weldeþ passyng doynges.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.4631 : Upon thee it schal be boght, Which art prive to tho doinges, And me fulofte..Deceived hast.
- (1399) RParl.3.424a : Thes wordes and the doyng that we sall say to ȝowe is not onlych our wordes bot the wordes and the doynges of all the States of this lond.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.469 : Rude men þat litel reson cunneth..by-leuen by lettred mennes doynges, And by here wordes and werkes wenen and trowen.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) Prol.Deeds(1) (Roy 1.C.8)507 : To him, not without desert, was ȝyue power to write the doyngis of apostlis in her minysterie.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)79/22 : For in alle þin oþer doynges þou schalt haue discrecion, as in etyng & in drynkyng.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)81/12 : In sleping & in spekyng & in alle myn outward doynges.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.70 : God..bi þe mychelnesse of þi merciful doyngis [L miserationum], do þou awey my wickidnes!
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1681 : The exilynge of kynges Of Rome, for here horible doinges.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)20 : Wyse men of armes, Doughty in theire doyngs.
- (1461) Paston3.291 : He told hem pleynly, yf they mad any suche doyngs ther..they shuld aley on her bodyys.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)14/22 : Forto reule..his doyngis and suffringis and movingis in gouernaunce of doable þingis.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)106/22 : Whanne he herde þe doynges of þat Enchanteour..he ordeyned him oon of his Conseillers.
3.
Behavior; conduct, deportment.
Associated quotations
- c1390 Bi west (Vrn)130 : For kuynde wolde þat we him knewe, And dradde him most in vre doing.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)7/12 : He was nouȝt made Cristes vicarie in doyng þat Crist doþ now in blisse, but for to folowe hym in his doyng þat he dide here on erþe.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.34 : Any lovere..That herkneth..How Troilus com to his lady grace..Or wondreth on his speche or his doynge.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.40 : In som lond were al the game shent, If that they ferde in love as men don here..in opyn doyng or in chere.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3988 : In his doyng he is not wise: He hath to us do gret wrong.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.6.24 : He that forleteth certein ordenaunce of doynge..hath no glad issue or ende of his werkes.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1267 : This Troyan..That feyneth hym..So gentil, and so privy of his doinge.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1049 : Ensawmpil of oþer dede Sal be merure, vs for to lede In our doing both nyght & day, So þat we folow our rewle alway.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)995 : I saugh never yet a lesse Harmful than she was in doynge.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)197/9 : Hys fadyr fel doun on hys kneys byfor Thomas..Then þe priour of þat doyng rebuked hym and sayde: 'Olde fole [etc.].'
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)327/48 : Thay wold for no tokynyng..Trast in that trew; Thay myght haue sene in his doyng ffull great vertu.
4.
(a) A process, event, occurrence; also, happenings, history; ben in ~, to be in process, be going on, occur; (b) an affair, business.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.421 : Almachius, that herde of this doynge, Bad fecchen Cecile that he myghte hir se.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.74 : While..her messe is in doynge.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)200a/a : Enidros þat ston wepeþ alwey..it is hard to telle þe cause of þe doynges [L huiusmodi].
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.12.44 : Ne the certein ordre of nature schulde not brynge forth so ordene moevynges by places, by tymes, by doynges, by spaces, by qualites.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.331 : Þe sonne þat riseth be þe morne..a man þat walkeþ wilfully..þei be in doynge presently [etc.].
- c1450 Siege Troy(1) (ArmsAr 22)3/17 : Al þe doyng he knewe..And wrot in grew al þe batayle.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)1455 : An aungel..come to fede [him]..Aftir þis doyng merualouse Cuthbert wax mare vertuouse.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.305 : Þere he halpe þe pope gretliche in doynges [L in negotiis] of holy chirche.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)515 : Bet is that a wyghtes tonge reste Than entermeten hym of such doinge, Of which he neyther rede can ne synge.
5.
Physiol. (a) Function, operation; (b) effect, result; ?also, appearance; (c) efficient cause; factor.
Associated quotations
a
- (?a1390) Daniel *Herbal (Add 27329)f.107rb : Briddis tungge, pigil, crampwort or schotwort: this herbe hatz smale long leues, scharp beforn lyk a briddis tungge; grene it is of mikil migth, drie noon. It encreceth blood, and so eten it stireth to þat doing [L (Circa Instans): libidinem incitat]. To þe same: an electuare mad of þe flesch of dates & of þe inward of festu. (If þou may not haue festu, do with ious of briddes tunge or with þe leues stamped & with hony.)
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)208a/b : Þe parties þerof beþ dyuers and y-ordeyned to dyuers office and doynge [L diuersis operationibus] by dyuerse formes and schappes, as þe yhe..to se and þe eere for to heere.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)260a/b : Man haþ moche mary..and þat is needefulle to man for many and dyuerse workes & doynges [L operationes].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)278b/b : Perfyte doynge [L actum] of sight.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)279b/b : His vryne..exciteþ menstrual blood and helpeþ concepcioun and many oþere doynges.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)102b/b : In reducyng þe [dislocated] membre softly to his doyngez afore.
b
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)41a/a : Þe kirtel þat hatte cornua, horny..haþ þat name of þe doynge [L ab effectu] þerof, for he is ful liche to a briȝt horne.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)82a/a : Epilencia..hatte þe fallynge yuel, & haþ þat name of þe doynge [L ab effectu] þerof.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)152a/a : Of effectes and doyng of watres [L de aquarum effectibus].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)199a/a : Corall..helpeþ..aȝeins diuerse woundes doyng [L contra..varia monstra].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)269b/a : Þe addres þat hatten aspides..haueþ dyuerse effectes and doynges [L effectus] to noye and to grieue.
c
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)44b/a : Þe cause of þis maner mortalite [þe pestilence] was double: One vniuersal doyng, anoþer particuler suffryng..Vniuersale doyng was disposicion of a certane coniunccioun of þe 3 vpper planetez, s. saturnus, Iubiter & mars.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)53b/a : Which first generale intensioun is perfourmed of 2 þingz: Of nature as principale doyng & wirching with his vertuez, & conuenient nutriment.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)110b/a : Acte i. doyng forsoþ of þe lepre is noying of þe vertue ysaid, which comeþ of sperplyng of melancolie bi þe body.
6.
Misc. uses: (a) depositing of refuse; (b) commotion, quaking; (c) bestowal (of wisdom); (d) a literary work; (e) ~ after, acting in accordance with (someone's advice).
Associated quotations
a
- (1422) Plea & Mem.in Bk.Lond.E.129/261 : We endite Willian Clauson for castyng out of his howse drayffe and doyng in-to þe water of Themise.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.453 : Wiþ a sodeyn doynge [L impetu] of þe hille, his oost was i-meoved forto crie to God Almyȝti wiþ holy cries.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)15b/a : Bi þe wise doynge of þe creatour [L per sapienticam creatoris traditionem], of þe ȝifte of witte & wisdom somme haueþ more & some lasse.
d
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)48/36 : Y requerd hym þat he wolde shewe me þe secretez wretyn yn þat oracle..And omonge oþer doynges, þe werke desird I ffand þere.
e
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)60/30 : Y know a man that loued his wiff and dede after her counsaile, for the whiche made [she] hym be slayne for his doing after her.
7.
Cpds. & combs.: (a) ~ awei, removal, abolition; renunciation; ~ out, putting out, excommunication; ~ wel, benefaction, beneficence; (b) almes ~, harm ~, ivel ~, merci ~, miracle(s ~, penaunce ~, wel ~, wrong ~, q.v.
Associated quotations
a
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)66/323 : Of payne of doyng out of hali kirke.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)8/2 : In doynge awey þat is to myche skyn, as wertis or wennys.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)1a/b : Abolicio: doinge awey.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)116/8 : Cownsel es doyng away of worldes rytches and of delytes and of al thynges þat man may be tacit [vr. tagild] with in thoght or dede.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)37b : A Doyng Away: delecio, litura. A Doyng wele: beneficencia, beneficus, beneficens.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3pr.12.41 : The certein ordre of nature ne schulde not brynge forth so ordene moevynges by places, by tymes, by doynges [L efficientia], by spaces, by qualities.
Note: New sense