Middle English Dictionary Entry
dissolven v.
Entry Info
Forms | dissolven v. Also des(s)olven. |
Etymology | L |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To break up or dissolve (a solid); ~ to (into), reduce (a solid) to (a liquid), liquify; (b) of a solid: to break up or melt; of dew: evaporate; of a cloud: to break up, vanish; -- also used fig.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)264b/b : Þe lomb haþ blak dryt þat schal be dissolued and tempred wiþ vynegre and y-made in a plastre.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)302b/b : [A fox's] blood is acounted temperyng and dissoluyng..and is good..to breke þe stoone in þe bladder.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)342/12 : Dissolue þe rosyn, hony & wex togidere.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)42b/b : Gumme..dissoluede in wyne.
- c1400 Interpol.Rolle Cant.(1) (Bod 288)68 : Salt is dissolved þus, but cristal and oþere stoones ben not loosid as oþir salt.
- a1475 Limn.Bks.(Brog 2.1)p.83 : Take alome glas and dissolve hit into water.
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)9/11 : Whanne ȝe wole dissolue ony of þese calces by hem silf..anoon schal come out verry gold & siluer.
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)9/22 : If ȝe wole dissolue þe gold to watir, putte þanne yn þe water corosyue Sal armoniac.
- a1550 *Ripley CAlch.(BodeMus 63)55a : Of..bodies dissolved to watter clere, Of saltes also dissolved twise.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)137a/b : Dewe..is dissolued [L dissoluitur] and tofalliþ anon by wurchinge of þe sonne bemes and vanyschiþ al a wey.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.3.2 : The cloudes of sorwe dissolved and doon awey, I..resceyved mynde to knowe the face of my fisycien.
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)334/38 : Þanne alle þe derke clowde of malencolye complexione is dissoluede and putte owte of þe sowle.
- c1450(?c1400) 3 KCol.(1) (Cmb Ee.4.32)28/33 : Whan hit [ice] is vncouered..anoone hit dissolueþ and wasteþ away.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4480 : Þe paynyms pride it sall..dissolue as wax at fyre.
- (a1475) Recipe Painting(2) in Archaeol.J.1 (Sln 73)155 : Take and grynde salarmonyak on a marbel ston, and put it to dissolve.
2.
(a) To decompose or destroy (sth.); (b) to disintegrate, come to naught.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Cor.5.1 : If oure erthely hous of this dwellyng be dissolued [L dissolvatur].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)2 Pet.3.10 : The day of the Lord shal come as a theef..elementes shulen be dissolued [L solventur] bi heete.
- a1450 3 KCol.(1) (Roy 18.A.10)123/33 : Þe bodyes of þes iii kyngis wexed corrupt and were dissolued & turned in to powdre.
b
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.263 : Thise worldly þinges..schall dissoluen and disseuere, fflittynge right as a thing of no valour.
3.
(a) To separate (things or parts of a whole); ~ fro, remove (one thing) from (another); refl. separate or be discharged; (b) ~ out, to release (sth.) from (sth. else).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)114b/a : [Þe sonne] oneþ þingis þat ben of one kynde, as he dissoluyth and departiþ þingis þat ben of diuers kynde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)229a/a : Herbes of mores..bredeþ watry blood þat dissolueþ hemself soone fro þe membre and breediþ swellyng.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)11.496 : With yerdes first hem bete Vntil this werk the grapis so dissolue [L exsoluerit], And thenne hem to the pressis they deuolue.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)40/6 : He gert smyte sonder þe byrgge..and dissolue ilk a pece þare-off fra oþer.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)132a/b : Smooke is vapour dissolued [L resolutur] and departid by vertue of hete out of most sotile partyes and humours of matiere.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)4.29 : [A vine is bound to a support] Yit most it be dissolued..Out of thise bandis.
4.
(a) To disband (an assemblage), dissolve (a parliament); (b) to break up (a siege).
Associated quotations
a
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2055 : He..ȝaf hem leue wher hem list to gon, For he dissolued hath his parlement.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3224 : Þus concludyng, her counseil is dissoluyd.
- (1455) RParl.5.286a : This present Parliament to proroge, adjorne or dissolve.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.130 : When this feast royall was dissolued, The kyng rewarde[d] so highly eche estate [etc.].
b
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)212 : The King of Frauns cam thedir for to dissolve the sege.
5.
Physiol. & med. (a) To reduce or waste (vitality, etc.), weaken (an organ, a person), lower (body temperature); (b) to break up or dissipate (a morbid condition).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)22b/b : Þe vertu of fedinge..restorith what is dissolued & I-lost by strengþe of hete.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)28b/a : In hem þat trauaileth so, þe vertu failleþ, þe kynde hete is desolued, & þan þe puls is þe lasse.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)74a/b : Þe hete of þe inner & vtter membres worchiþ alwey, and dissolueþ and wastiþ.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)16/18 : To myche wakinge dissolueþ..hise spiritis.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.8.60 : The godes of the body..mai ben destroied or dissolvid by the heete of a fevere of thre dayes.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)112a/a : To conforte the hert & oþer principale membrez, that þai be not dissolued.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)81/19 : Þe grete violence of hete, þat dissoluez þaire bodys.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.58/1 : An nothir womman dyssoluyd with the palsy.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)63/3 : God..wold a man schuld faste, that he schuld leve ther-by his vicis and noȝt for to dissolue or hyndre his nature.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)80b/a : Dissoluynge & schedinge þe humours of þe heed.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)135b/a : Þe souþerne wynde..dissolueþ and vnbyndiþ in þe body colde humours and þicke.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)206b/b : Water of salt welles dissolueþ and wasteþ swellyng..and also dropsy.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)238/8 : Anoþer electuarie þat dissoluiþ akynge in ioyntis.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)31b/a : Ventosite closed, þat is noȝt dissolued, bredeþ many harmez or vnesez.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)35b/b : The poudre of turbith..dissolueþ grete fleume.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)212/2 : Yt ys goode..to dyssolue wyndis.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)126/8 : A meruelliows drink..desolwyth skorphillys and karnellis.
6.
(a) To separate (the body from the soul); (b) to free (sb.) from the burden of life on earth, cause (sb.) to die; (c) to relieve (sb. of illness); (d) to free (sb. from the Devil).
Associated quotations
a
- (1417) Let.War France in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk I & K)70/50 : Whan your graciouse erthely persoune from your inward spirit ys dessolued, that ye mowe be brought tofor the throne of the hye kynge.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Phil.1.23 : Hauynge desyr for to be dissolued [L dissolvi] or departid, the soule fro body.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.3.91 : Whan ofte a swyft hour dissolveth the same man (that is to seyn, whan the soule departeth fro the body).
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)56/7 : So þat he desire to dy for heuenly ioy, to be dissoluyd & be with criste.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)13/25 : He desiriþ deþe, þat he miȝt be dissolued & be wiþ crist.
c
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)213/17 : Þe man was al dissolued [L solutus] of his sijknes of þe brennyng & of þe akynge.
d
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)39 : For yt hath dyssoluyde mankynde from þe bittur bonde Of þe mortall enmye, þat vemynousse serpente.
7.
(a) To break (a pledge or vow); (b) to disown (Christ); (c) to annul (a body of law).
Associated quotations
a
- c1400 Wycl.DSins (Bod 647)163 : Prestis ben weddid wiþ God by holdyng of his lawe, and þis bond is dissolvyd bothe in lif and offis.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)275 : Þat he kepe hym vndepartable from his make, þat is to seie, whilis þilk make liveþ þat he dissolue not and lowse not þe bounde had bitwix hem.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)1 John 4.3 : Ech spirit that knowlechith Crist for to haue comen in flesch, is of God; and ech spirit that dissolueth or fordoith [L solvit] Jhesu, is not of God.
c
- a1450(a1397) WBible(2) GProl.(Hrl 1666)p.3 marg. : Judicials weren dissoluid in Cristis passioun.
8.
?To dilate or distend (sth.).
Associated quotations
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)22a/a : Hete..dissolueþ & strecchiþ þe poores, smale holes in þe body.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)107a/b : [Sikenesse of þe iuncturez] ar moued In þe wynter for coldnesse compressyng In somer for hete dissoluyng [*Ch.(2): þat louseþ; L dissoluentem].
9.
(a) To resolve (a question); (b) to refute (an argument).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)54/10 : Augustin was..þe grettest dissoluer of qwestiones..heryng al þis he sent to him certeyn questiones, praying him to dissolue hem.
b
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)73.139 (v.2:p.50) : The pope .., aduertisyng .. how fully he was instruct in the wisdam of Goddis lawe .., by which he resonably shuld kun dissoluen heretikis veyn argumentis .., putt hym there .. his inquisatour.