Middle English Dictionary Entry
dēth n.
Entry Info
Forms | dēth n. Also dethe, (N) deith, (K) dieaþ, diath, (early) dæþ, deað, (early dat. pl.) deðen, dæðen & ded(e, dead, (N) deid, (early) dæd & (rare) diþe, deit, detȝ, deȝ. |
Etymology | OE dēaþ. Confusion with dēd adj. is chiefly N and EM; see also dēd n. Often used with the. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
Loss of life; dying, death as an event; ~ of the bodi, ~ of lif; dout (dred) of ~, fear of dying; paien the dette of ~, to die as man must die; dethes cares, throes of death.
Associated quotations
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1120 : Dysra deað wæs heora freondan twy-fealdlic sar.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.165 : Mannkinn þurrh hiss dæþ Wass lesedd ut off helle.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)20677 : Balu wes on folke, dæð þer wes rife.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)4/5 : Hire passiun & hire pinfule deð.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)412 : Ðe sipes ðat arn on se fordriuen, loð hem is ded & lef to liuen.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)625 : So he weren of dede offrigt.
- ?a1300 Stond wel moder (Dgb 86)54 : So serwful deþ nes never non.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1537 : Þi deþ was deþ of alle deþes þat to eny man euere com.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7849 : He nolde noȝt abide vor te is fader deþ, Ac wende him out of normandie anon to engelonde.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2598 : Y fle for dout of deþ; Y dar no leng abide.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)87/8 : Hy byeþ delyured of..drede of deaþe.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2405 : To socour hem & saue fram alle sory deþes.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3757 : Tak kepe of the deeth of Oloferne.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.106.18 : They neȝheden to the ȝatis of deth [L ad portas mortis].
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2773 : Syn that my lyf may no lenger dure..Allas the deeth!
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2800 : For from his feet vp to his brest was come The coold of deeth.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.425 : Whanne he herde of þe deeþ of his broþer William, kyng of Engelond.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.605 : They were adrad of hym as of the deeth.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.997 : Iesu Crist for the giltes of o man was obedient to the deeth.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.666 : Deeth may nat make no comparisoun Vnto youre loue.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)67b/b : Deth hatte mors for it is bittir & haþ þat name of mars, for it is feyned þat mars makeþ deþ.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5251 : O ded [Frf: deide] wil i me neuer men, Sin i þe face..ha sene.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)120/11 : If þis rigor come..it is..tokene of deeþ.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.5 : Dede him toke & he died, als it salle do vs.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)246 : Þe dom is þe deþe þat drepez uus alle.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)26/6 : Ȝif kynges..schal put hem to peryle of deþ for ȝou.
- (1417) Let.War France in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk I & K)68/5 : God of his high grace send vn-to oure handes oure town of Caen by assault, and with right litell deth of oure peple.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)617 : For drede of deth.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1692 : Troilus..rewfullich his lady gan byholde, As he that felte dethes cares colde.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1666 : In all þis world..es na qwyk creature lyfand, Þat it ne es for þe ded dredand.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.4.193 : It es cleer and certeyn that fortunous welefulnesse endeth by the deth of the body.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.4.159 : Undirstondestow aught that soules han any torment aftir the deeth of the body?
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)42b/a : A feuer foloweþ ful ofte..and swowenynge and also deþ.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)342-3 : The jelous swan, ayens his deth that syngeth; The oule ek, that of deth the bode bryngeth.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)55/38 : Ilk a day..þou may see thy dedd bi-fore thyn eghne.
- c1440 Bonav.Medit.(3) (Thrn)199 : Þe bittire houre of dede.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)32.547 : The prykke of deth.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)222 : To wepe For þe doylful deþ of his der mayster.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11629 : For doute of hor dethes, tho doghty men bothe Were a-ferd of..the fell noise.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)4 : The cheyf cause of..deythe.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)131/19 : I wold that the dethe toke me.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)14/25 : Þat aftir þe deeþ of þis lijf, he be reysid aȝen into bodily lijf.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Guy (LdMisc 683)185 : Rowand..Paide his dette of deth on-to nature, By Parcas sustren was sponne his lyves threede.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)246/30,34 : In two maneres fautyth the nature of man: One manere by grete age, and that is y-callit dethe natural..That othyr maner is by ill kepynge..Suche deth is callid deth of auenture.
1b.
lif and (or) ~, life and (or) death, fate; lives and (or) dedes, living and (or) dead; lives or (ne) dethes, for lif or (ne) ~, under all (no) circumstances, in every (no) way, by all means, dead or alive.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9449 : Nulle we þe bilæuen for liue ne for dæðen.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1634 : Ich not to hwan þu breist þi brod. Liues ne deaþes ne deþ hit god.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1532 : Where is Gij?..Liues or deþ, do him come.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2072 : Mi ladi lengeþ him wiþ, for lif or for dede.
- (1405) Will in Bk.Lond.E.212/11 : And for all these paresshins, lyues and dedes, and for all Cristen soules pater noster par charyte.
- (1421) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.xvii : He sent..twey baylyes, for to take the forseyd Rauf lyves or dethes.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.1053 : My lif, my deth, hol in thyn hond I leye.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1413 : Fareth wel, goodly, faire, fresshe may, As ye that lif or deth may me comande!
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)841 : For lyffe ne deþ nyl I reche To wende wel ferre, þe bote to feche.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)692 : Ryght swich as ye felten, wel or wo..The same wolde I fele, lyf or deth.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)249/7 : Alle þe teerys þay may..profityn myn euyn-cristen sowlys, lyuys er dedys, visite me wyth her in erth.
- a1450(?1420) Lydg.TG (Tan 346)369 : O ladi Venus..life and deþ I put al in þi wil.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)521 : Bothe my dethe and my lyfe Is inne þe wille of þi wife.
2a.
In verb phrases: (a) dreien (drehen, drien) ~, suffren ~, tholen ~, throuen ~, to suffer death, die a martyr's death, be put to death, die; (b) a)fongen ~, cacchen ~, haven ~, nimen ~, taken ~, underfon ~, to receive or suffer death, be put to death, die a martyr's death, die; (c) dien ~, dien of (on, with) ~, to die (a certain) death, die (in a certain manner); (d) escheuen ~, flen ~, forsaken ~, to avoid or escape death; (e) lenen ~, yeven ~, to inflict death; dighten ~, bring about (someone's) death; (f) abiden ~, to await death; acquiten ~, relieve (sb.) of the death penalty; avengen ~, bien ~, delen ~, avenge (someone's) death, exact retribution for death; dreden ~, fear death; felen ~, feel the pangs of death; sweren ~, vow to slay (sb.); wilnen ~, wish for death.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)102/1 : Þa he walde..þurh sunfulle monnæ honden lichamlice deaþ ðrowiæn.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10423 : I þan þridden dæie he sarne dæd þolede.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)965 : Hit is aȝein riht..þet godd, þe is undedlich, mahe deð drehen.
- a1275 On leome (Trin-C B.14.39)55 : Miracle he dude asse he þeit [read: deit] drey.
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)215/41 : Hi hedde be-liaue..þet diath solde suffri for man ken.
- c1330 Harrow.H.(Auch)35 : In þis world he suffred dede, forto deliuer ous fram þe qued.
- c1390(?a1300) Stations Rome(1) (Vrn)15 : For þei soffrede boþe dede, Heore soule to saue fro þe quede.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9636 : Ded [Göt: Dede; Ld: dethe] he aght to thole.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1032 : And never dryȝe no dethe to dayes of ende.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)5/86 : Þarfore I tell þe in þis stede, Þat with his will he sufferd dede.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)pref.9 : Forr Crist toc dæþ o rodetre All wiþþ hiss fulle wille.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1196 : Ich wot hwo schal beon & honge, Oþer elles fulne deþ a-fonge.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)36 : Gladliche icholde þane deth a-fongue.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2073 : Þene deþ for-to take.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)429/311 : Ase he þene deth nam.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)10/160 : And sey þat heþene king..þat he shal fonge Þe deth of mine honde.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7708 : Is o sone þat het richard caȝte þer is deþ.
- 1372 At þe time (Adv 18.7.21)25 : Suich a detȝ he vnderfeng þat vs helpen may.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3838 : No wurldes gode ne shal þe saue, Þat þou þe deþ of me shalt haue.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)112 : God tok mans kynd for his sake And for his love þe dede wald take.
- a1425 LChart.Chr.C (Roy 17.C.17)644/212 : Tyll on a cros þi dede þu tak.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)404 : That made hym cache his deth.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.30 : I traue, I haue keȝte my dede.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15436 : Ȝe shulenn deȝenn ifel dæþ.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Jer.16.4 : With dethes of siknyngus thei shul die.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.1010 : Thanne moot I dye of sodeyn deth horrible.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.5.55 : Nero constreynede Senek..to chesen on what deeth he wolde deye.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)4/28 : Then shall ye dye an evyll dethe.
d
- c1300 SLeg.Jas.(LdMisc 108)274 : Þene deth i-nelle nouȝt forsake.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.11.100 : Every beest..eschueth deeth and destruccioun.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)163/104 : Swedyll vs this swayn And fle hys dede.
e
- ?c1335 Earth(1) (Hrl 913)4/78 : Þat deliþ þe dai fram niȝt, and leniþ lif and dede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1643 : Þurȝth destine my deþ is diȝt, dere, for þi sake!
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.130 : Now wot I wel my deth is diht.
- c1440-a1500 Eglam.(Schleich)794 : My dere child, dighte es oure dede!
- a1450(1411) Many man (Dgb 102)118 : I ȝaf þe lyf, þou ȝaf me ded.
f
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)26042 : Aris, feond-scaðe, to þine fæie-siðe! Nu wit scullen delen þene dæd [Otho: deaþ] of mire maȝen.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)86 : Hise ten breþren habbeþ isworen his deþ.
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)168 : Ich am weri of leoued, and wilni muche mi dez.
- c1300 SLeg.Fran.(1) (LdMisc 108)465 : Wel longue he lai speche-les, þene dethþ forto abide.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)323/31 : Þene deth sore he dradde.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1220 : The deeth he feeleth thurgh his herte smyte.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1054 : Be this cause he was respited, So that the deth him was acquited.
- a1500 Eglam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)549 : Dere boght thy dethe schalle bee!
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)2961 : Ther deth he wold avenge.
2b.
Associated quotations
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)99 : Euery man haue a smale rodde in his honde..and euery blowe þe deeþ þat blowe may.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)101 : Þe maister of þe game..shuld crie skilfully loude 'Dedow'..and euery hunter blowe þe deeþ.
3a.
In prep. phrases: (a) ben at (on) ~, to be at the point of death, be dying; (b) bringen (dighten, don, idon, putten, withsetten) to ~, to condemn or put (sb.) to death, kill; (c) aquellen (murtheren) to ~, to kill (sb.); dampnen (demen, fordemen) to ~, condemn (sb.) to death; smiten to ~, beat (sb.) to death; dingen to ~, stonen to ~, riden to ~, wounden to ~, etc.; (d) in point of ~, about to die, in mortal danger; (e) up(on peine of ~, on pain of death; (f) bi godes ~, by the death of Christ!; (g) til-to (to) the ~, mortally (afraid, wounded, etc.); (h) haten to ~, to hate (sb.) mortally; (i) riden the storm to ~, to ride out the storm.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)318 : Þa þe fader wes on deaðe.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1511 : William..was neiȝe atte deþe.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)949 : Þys man ys at þe ded..pray we god..Þat he may speke & take hys shryfte.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.2905 : Of þat wounde he felt[e] swiche greuaunce, Þat at þe deth he lay an huge whyle.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2436 : For syk he was, and almost at the deth.
b
- a1150(c1125) Vsp.D.Hom.Fest.Virg.(Vsp D.14)31/150 : Gedrefd heo wæs, þaþa..þæt Judeisce folc wiðsette hire sune to deaðe.
- a1225(OE) Vsp.A.Hom.Init.Creat.(Vsp A.22)229 : Þe iudeisce folc..smeadan hu hi michte hine to deaðe ȝedon.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)566 : Ich hire wule don to þe derueste deað þet me mei hire demen.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)58 : So fele miȝten yþe Bringe hem þre to diþe [vr. deþe; rime: eþe].
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3590 : xxx hundred to ðe dead woren ðane don.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1292 : Tho sche was to dethe broght And brent.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)1599 : Troyle..wold haue brouȝt him to þe deeþ, But þey fled away.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4424 : Withoute comfort, thought me sleeth; This game wole brynge me to my deeth.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)340 : Als þe dere in þe den, To þe dede he þam dyghtis.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)241 : That ho so dyde avowtrye, scholde be slawe and with stones j-browht to the ded.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)188/4 : Þies holie saynttis was martyrd & putt to dead.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1171/32 : That she be nat slayne and put to a myschevous deth.
- a1500 Eglam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)298 : Then had syr Egyllamowre don to dedd A grete herte.
c
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)24/8 : Ðæt ylcæ seolfer þet þe unsæliȝ iudas ure drihten to deaþe fore bileawede.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25750 : And..a-quellen hine to deðen.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)36/34 : Beatest us & bindest, & to deað fordemest.
- a1350 Stond wel moder (Hrl 2253)17 : My peyne pyneþ me to dede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1774 : To haue..murþered him to deþe.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.2024 : Thow hast thy felawe slayn, For which I deme thee to the deeth certeyn.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1373 : Arwys..smote men to þe deþ.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)11/14 : Þeeues &..oþer mysdoers þat beþ dampned to þe deþ.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)269 : To ride his hors into deeþ.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)14.159 : To the deth he wownded was.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)194/48 : To be stoned to dede.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)9533 : The Troiens..Dong hom to dethe.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3057 : Þe chariotis in þe chace choppid þaim to deth.
d
- (1446) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.34 : My seyd mastyr was so visited with goddys visitacion, that he was in poynte of deth.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)31/23 : Kynge Angwysshaunce..put Lyonses and Phariaunce in poynte of dethe..So thes two knyghtes were in grete daungere of their lyves.
e
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.884 : Lord, as ye comaunded me Vp peyne of deeth, so haue I doon.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.1481 : I yow forbede, vp peyne of deeth, That..To no wight tel thow of this auenture.
- a1500 GRom.(Add 9066)53 : Biddyng hym, vpon payn of dethe, to kepe wele the Castell.
f
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)379 : Be goddes dede! Torrant bryngythe a devyll ys hed!
g
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)953 : He was a-drad to þe deþ, last sche him dere wold.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.26.38 : My soule is sorowful til to the deth.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.530 : Right as the deuel is disconfited by humylitee, right so is he wounded to the deeth by loue of oure enemy.
- c1450(?c1400) 3 KCol.(1) (Cmb Ee.4.32)12/14 : Ezechias was syke to þe dethe.
h
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13070 : Herodias him hated to ded, þai prisund him al thoru hir rede.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)35.220 : That him hated Evene to the ded.
i
- c1450(c1430) Brut-1430 (Glb E.8:Kingsf.)305 : The maryneres with her shippis and oþer vesselle gate in with in the yle of Whight..and there riden the storme to dethe.
3b.
to (the) ~ ward, toward death; to (unto) his ~ ward, toward his death.
Associated quotations
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)54b/a : Whanne þe longe is I greued be eny occasioun, it spediþ to deþwar[d].
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)3043 : Iosep drawes to dedward fast.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)807 : Þe last ende of mans lyfe es hard, Þat es, when he drawes to ded-ward.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)96/22 : When þaire frendez drawez to þe deed ward.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.2 Merch.(Hrl 2255)791 : How may I thus susteen To see afore me vngilte thus i-take And lad to dethward oonly for my sake?
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)7832 : Ellis to the dethward he scholde hye.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)31/19 : Sekenes tuke hym, & he drew vnto his dedeward.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)250/31 : Hym happend fall seke and drew to deadward.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)776/17 : Whan sir Trystram knew how sir Palomydes wente to his dethward, he was hevy.
- ?a1475 LDirige(2) (Dc 322)355 : Howe Ezechye to dethward peyned.
- a1500 Craft Dying (Rwl C.894)412 : The interrogacions of hem þat drawen to the deth-ward.
4.
Death personified; dethes hond.
Associated quotations
- c1175 Body & S.(1) (Bod 343)14 : Dureleas is þet hus..and dæð hefd þa cæȝe.
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)127 : Wenne deð [vrr. deað, ded] is attere dure, wel late he biddeþ are.
- a1325 Prov.Hend.(Cmb Gg 1.1)st.46 : Al to late, al to late, Wan þe deth is at þe ȝate.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4423 : Ascaped from deþes hond.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.3892 : Deeth drough the tappe of lyf and leet it goon.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.1142 : Deeth that taketh of heigh and logh his rente.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.675 : Ther cam a pryuee theef men clepeth deeth..And with his spere he smoot his herte atwo.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.699 : We wol sleen this false traytour deeth; He shal be slayn, he that so manye sleeth.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)18115 : To ded i said, 'quar es þi stang?'
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)1.17 : Ich..sawe a deep dale: deþ, as ich lyuede, Wonede in þo wones, and wyckede spiritus.
- (?c1422) Hoccl.ASM (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)575 : Whan deeth on hem stelith with hir darte.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.250 : O deth, allas! why nyltow do me deye?
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.4.7 : Ne deth ne taryeth nat his swifte hors.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)3978 : His lyf lasted no stounde: Ouer sone had deþ cast hym to grounde.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)111/113 : For luf es stalworth als þe dede, þat slaes al lyvand thyng in erth.
- a1450 Earth(3) (Bil)5/24 : Than deth drawyth hys drawght and maketh man ful naked.
- c1450 Dc.Prov.(Dc 52)p.52 : Alle to late, alle to late, When deth is come to ȝate.
5.
(a) The cause or source of death; also fig.; (b) ministre of deth, executioner.
Associated quotations
a
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)534 : He hente vp his hachet and huttes him euene..wiþ þe deþ in his hals dounward he duppes.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2060 : O thow fortune vnstable..Thy tayl is deeth thurgh thyn enuenymynge.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)293b/a : Þe vertu of weseles is deþ to þe coketrice.
- c1410 Chaucer CT.Pard.(Hrl 7334)C.297 : Hir beaute was hir deþ, I dar wel sayn.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.201 : He was hir deth, and sheld and lif for us..ther dorste non withstonde, Whil that he held his blody swerd in honde.
- c1450(c1375) Chaucer Anel.(Benson-Robinson)226 : When that he was glad, then was I blithe, And his disese was my deth as swithe.
b
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.485 : Thy prynces han the maked Ministre of deeth.
6.
A death-dealing epidemic, the plague; the foule deth, first deth, the Black Death [of 1348-9 in England].
Associated quotations
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.161 : Þis manere was moche i-vsed to for firste deth..for Iohn Cornwaile..chaunged þe lore in gramer scole and construccioun of Frensche in to Englische.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)47a/b : Þat grete dethe..whiche appered to vs in Avyoun in þe ȝere of oure loord 1348, and in þe sexte ȝere of þe popedome of sire Clemente þe sexte, In whose seruice I was.
- a1450 Walsingham Hist.in RS 28.1 (ArmsAr 7)1.410 : Gode and Seynt Mango, Seynt Romayne and Seynt Andreu scheld us this day fro..the foule deth that Ynglessh men dyene upon.
- (1479) Let.Cely (PRO S.C.1 59/12)p.58 (64/16) : As ffor the dethe her, blissid be God, it is passyng well sesid: it is not j quarter as it was.
- a1500(1349) Knighton Chron.Contin.(Cld E.3)62 : Scoti audientes de crudeli peste Anglorum..sumpserunt in juramentum..sub hac forma, quando jurare volebant: 'Per foedam mortem Anglorum,' Anglice, 'be the foul deth of Englond.'
7.
Theol. (a) The state of being mortal or transient, mortality; (b) perdition of sinful souls, damnation to eternal suffering in hell; endeles (eche) ~; saule ~; ~ of helle; dethes mete, stuff for perdition; (c) the state of being without life; lifelessness, death; dethes dimnesse, ~ slep; a)risen of ~, to rise from death; areren, raisen of (fro) ~, raise from death.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)64/1 : Þurh ðæs deoflæs onde..us becom dæð too.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19052 : Þiss lif niss nohht rihht nemmnedd lif Acc dæþ itt maȝȝ ben nemmnedd.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)70/34 : Þou sselt ywyte þet þis lyf ne is bote dyaþ, Vor dyaþ is a wendinge.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.322 : Right as by a man synne entred first in to this world and thurgh that synne deth, right so thilke deth entred in to alle men that synneden.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)835 : Fra þeþen first com ded [vrr. deþ, dede] to man.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)54 : Oure present worldes lyves space Nis but a maner deth.
b
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)70/22 : Ða þe he us alysde fram þam ecan deaðe.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)136/12 : Ða ufelæ sunæn beoð þare sawle deaþ.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4292 : Þurrh Adamess gilltess dinnt Wass all mannkinn..fallenn inn till eche dæþ Inn helle wiþþ þe deofell.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)39 : Þenne bureȝest þu here saule..from þan ufele deaðe.
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)115 : Ech Mon scal h[im] solf demen to deðe [vr. dieðe] oðer to liue.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)13/124 : Schulde ich do me to him þet alle deoflen is bitaht, ant to eche deað fordemet to forwurðe wið him..iþe putte of helle?
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)45b : Þurh hire bone [he] arudde of deað al hire folc þe wes to deað idemet.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)16 : To deþ of soule it wole þe drawe.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.154 : God of his endelees goodnesse hath..boghte hem fro the deeth with his herte blood.
- (1395) Wycl.37 Concl.(Tit D.1)132 : The bishop of Rome and other worldly bishops be ashamed that condempnen by pride of Lucifer any cristen man to the deeth of helle.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)652 : Þe blod vus boȝt fro bale of helle And delyuered vus of þe deth secounde.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5754 : Sich as prechen [for] veynglorie..And to her soules deth purchace.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)2/7 : Þat þe markennes o ded our-take þe noht..þat we may cum to þe lif..in ioye wid-uten ende.
- ?c1430 Wycl.CTemp.(Corp-C 296)214 : Not only men doynge synne ben worþi of deþ, but also þei þat consenten to hem.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)10/5 : It is tokyn of dampnacyone & þe tokyn of endles dede.
- a1500(c1380) Wycl.Papa (Ryl Eng 86)462 : His foly may be cause of deþ of many þousynd men boþe in body & in soule.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)3.10.55a : This deth is withowt deth, for it hath non ende.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.31.76a : Who þat owt saith or doth þat therto repugnyth, he is not but deth is mete.
c
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)116/24 : Þa ðe nu on domes dæȝ of deaþe arisæð.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)136/3 : Ure Hælend Crist arerde þreo men of deaþe to life.
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)6/12 : Ure drihten eft of deaþe heo aræreþ.
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)7/33 : Þeo bemen..þe unc becnien scu[len] [F]rom deaþes dimnesse to drihtenes dome.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5953 : & tatt he ras..Off dæþess slæp to life, & stah upp inntill heffness ærd.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)337 : Ant aras of deað ant steah in to heouene.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)2292 : Þet schal arisen..of deað to lif undeðlich.
- a1250 Creed (Nero A.14)217 : Ðe þridde dei he a-ros from deaðe to liue.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)366/35 : Hov he hadde deȝ i-þoled, and hou he..Fram deþe to liue a-ros.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)261 : Ihesus..Ros fro ded.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)858 : Þi lyf, man, is cleped liht, And þi deþ þe derke niht.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2265 : Oure lord Iesu Crist, whan he was risen fro deeth to lyf [etc.].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1525 : Thogh his Moder were come Fro deth to lyve out of the grave.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)342/126 : Mi dere fader of heuen..ffrom ded to lif..rasid me.
8.
Misc. uses: (a) physiol. mortification (of an organ or limb); (b) alch. slaying (of mercury), transformation to a discolored substance; (c) extinction or destruction (of virtue, fame, etc.); (d) agony.
Associated quotations
a
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)30a/a : Cancrene is cleped mortificacioun i. deþe of þe lyme of þe pacient.
b
- a1500 in Singer Cat.Alchem.1.325 : The deth of our quyksilver is the begynnyng of all our perfeccion in this science.
c
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3854 : Who shal me yeue teeris to compleyne The deeth of gentilesse and of franchise?
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)79a/a : Honest traueile is..deþ of yueles & of sikenes.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.m.7.34,35 : The first deeth he clepeth here departynge of the body and the soule, and the seconde deth he clepeth as here the styntynge of the renoun of fame.
d
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2174 : His absence..Was deth to hir & importable sorwe.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.856 : Tornede hire tho Criseyde, a wo makynge So gret, that it a deth was for to see.
9.
Cpds. & combs.: (a) ~bed [cp. OE dēaþ-bed a grave]; in (on) ~bed, on (one's) deathbed, when (one) is dying or about to die; ben in ~ bed, lien on (in) ~ bed, to be about to die; dighten ~ bed, put (sb.) to death; (b) dethes bale, death; ~ bering [OE dēaþ-berende], lethal; ~ beting, beating to death; ~ bitte, mortal bite; (c) ~ dai [OE dēaþ-dæg], the time or day of (one's) death; -- also pl.; (d) ~ deiinge [cp. deien (a certain) deth], the process or event of dying; deth(es dint, deathblow, lethal blow; dethes drinche, ~ draught, lethal draught; -- used fig.; (e) ~ fal, dying, death; dethes harm, lethal injury; deth(es ivel, fatal illness, death; ~ pine, agony of death; ~ pitte, hell; ~ rentes, deadly payments; (f) shames deth, shameful death; ~ sith, time of death, death; ~ stounde, hour of death; ~ stour, death struggle, throes of death; dethes strenge, death throes, power of death; dethes strif, death struggle; ~ strok, sting of death; ~ swete, dethes swot, sweat of death; ~ swoue, ~ swoun, swoon of death, dying; (g) ~ throue(s, throes of death, death agony; ~ time, hour of death, death; dethes timpe, death's drum or summons; (h) deth(es wounde, lethal wound or injury; ~ wounded, wounded to death; dethes wo, throes of death; ~ wreke, dedes wrech, lethal vengeance, death penalty.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)422/55 : Ȝwane Men in heore dethbeddes beoth and heore penaunce heom is i-set.
- c1390 St.Greg.(Vrn)22/174 : Mi fader tolde me þat soþe, Whon he lay on his deþ bedde.
- a1400 Ancr.Recl.(Pep 2498)146/21 : An holy man..lay on his deþ bedd.
- c1400(a1349) Rolle MPass.(1) (Cmb Ll.1.8:Horst.)88 : On þe harde rode hangynge in þe eyre, þere was þi deth-bed delfully dyȝt.
- (1434-43) Doc.Trade in BRS 782 : Thomas Pavy..beyng in hys deth bedde, lafte thes said godes and marchandyses in the handes of oon William Water.
- (c1439) *Proc.Chanc.PRO ser.C 1 file 9no.119 : The said John Gye..yn his deeth bedde..by his last wille divisid [etc.].
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)4691 : When he in hurre deyth-bedde lay, Full ȝerne he preyȝede & cryede vpone seynt Ede.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)680 : To here fadre she was ledd Which lay that tyme on his deth bed.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)21/5 : Alle þo arn acursyd þat on here dede-bedde..ȝyuen awey here good in defrawde..of here wyves.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)78/21 : When he laye in hys dethe-bedde.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)23 : Whanne þe Emperour was in his dethbedde.
- a1500 Craft Dying (Rwl C.894)407 : Þe interrogacion þat schuld be asked of hem þat bene in her deth-bed, while þei may speke and vnderstond.
b
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4992 : He may lachi deþes bale!
- a1400 Ancr.Recl.(Pep 2498)137/13 : Þan he bicomeþ neer..and biteþ deþe bytte.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) Prol.Josh.(Corp-O 4)556 : We..owen to ouerpasse with a deef eer the deth berynge [WB(2): dedliche] songis of mermynns.
- (c1440) *Proc.Chanc.PRO ser.C 1 file 9no.447 : Cristofere..your said suppliant..so manassith with deth betyng..that his seruantz dere noght abide with hym.
c
- c1330 Assump.Virg.(2) (Auch)276 : Jesu..wiste wel..Þat ȝhe [Mary] wolde ben afriȝt Aȝen here deȝdai.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.121 : At þe ded day of a broþer, euery couple to ȝeuyn iij penys.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)8.99 : Aftur þi deþ day to helle schaltou wende!
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)3.108 : Hennes to þi deth day do so namore!
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)7.50 : Shal no deuel at his ded-day deren hym a myȝte.
- (1438) Will Norwich in Nrf.Archaeol.4330 : I beqwethe to Crystian, my cosyn..vij s...the wheche my modyr be sette hyr a forn hyr dede day.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)87/84 : So þat he myght susten Goddys servys till his dede-day.
- a1450(?a1390) Mirk Fest.Win.(Cld A.2)317/26 : Hyr deth day was nyghe.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)1941 : Hurre dethe-day heyȝede vpon herre fulle fast.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)525/18 : Þe increce þerof he durste nott turn into his awn vse, bod layd it oparte at he mott restore it agayn at his dead-day.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)6559 : He saw his dede day nere present.
- (1453) Will York in Sur.Soc.30189 : If ther be ony mo dettes claymed of me and proved..I will thei be..payed..at my deth day.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1230/19 : Now I woll that ye wyte that my deth-dayes be com!
- c1475 Guy(1) (Cai 107/176)1638 : Outelawes, That my felawes haue broughte to dethis dawes.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)1038 : That Iacob told at his deth-day.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1374 : Cristess mennisscnesse Drannc dæþess drinnch o rodetreo.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)16/225 : Þet dreori dede on ende ȝeueð þet deaðes dunt.
- a1250 Mon may longe (Mdst A.13)8 : Drinke of deth-is drench.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)8046 : Þer was broken mani spere Wiþ deþes dint.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)943 : Deȝ-dint schal be þi mede.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27732 : Thrett, buffett, and dedes dint..Þir ar þe springes o wreth.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)11.171 : Qui non diligit, manet in morte..Who so loueth nouȝte..lyueth in deth-deyinge.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.451 : And in his deth-deyinge þei don him grete conforte.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)160/2792 : Drery is my deth-drawth; a-geyns me may no man stonde.
e
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (Hrl 2277)p.118 : A monek..in his deth uvel lay, And his Abbot..conjurede him that he scholde after his deth uvel..telle him..in which stat he were.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7061 : Þeruore þis willam, bastard, engelond he [Edward] bi het And biqueþ in is deþ vuel ar he þat lif let.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5238 : He hadde neiȝe ȝouen him deþes harm.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)7800 : & paid paiens deþ rentes.
- c1390 Mannyng HS, Mir.CC (Vrn)22 : He let hym slo Wiþ so gret deþ-pyne and wo.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.53 : And bede hym drynke his deth-yuel.
- (?c1422) Hoccl.ASM (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)538 : Thogh thow seeke in thy bed now lye..no dethes euel haast thow.
- a1450 Castle Love(1) (BodAdd B.107:Horst.)1695 : But theke that byth into helle i-nome..in theke stynkyng deth-pytte Thei shull byn i-pyned.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)186/14 : Whanne god settyth þe in stockys of sykenes, or in prisoun of detheuyll.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)5.1751 : This shal ben..A grete spectacule to the wordly eye, ffor to seen a queen..Soo sodeynly on-to deth for to falle. Som men wene that deth-fal were myserye [etc.].
f
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6348 : Ne leouede [Otho: liuede] he noht half his lif, þat him ne com his dæd-sih [Otho: deaþ-siþ].
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)30b : As he ear ȝeond al his bodi deaðes swat sweatte.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)268 : Fro swinc and sorwe and deades strif.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)484 : Til he fel dun on dedes swog.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)714 : Deades strenge warp him dun.
- a1350 Stond wel moder (Hrl 2253)10 : Sone, y fele þe dedestounde.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2377 : God yeue yow bothe, on shames deth to dyen!
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)299a/a : Venyme of scorpiouns greueþ þre dayes ful sore and sleeþ afterward with softe deþ..he smyteþ nouȝt maydenes wiþ deeþ stroke.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1619 : He suar his ath þat þai suld all thole schammes deid [vr. dede].
- a1425(a1349) Rolle MPass.(2) (Upps C.494)48/14 : She felle dedeswoun ofte tymes for paynes and sorwe.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1820 : An es for þe dede stoure swa felle, Þat es mare payne þan man can telle.
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)363/17 : Loo, the deth-swete peresynge þe membres is comen.
g
- a1300(?a1250) Serm.Atte wrastlinge (Trin-C B.1.45)107 : Wiche ben harde hertis?..þo þat..liuen in here flescis lustis..ne for godis kalling..hem ne schriuen..weilauuey, atte scharpe detþis timppe [M.Förster, Anglia 42 153/60 reads: detþiscippe].
- c1300 SLeg.Chris.(LdMisc 108)188 : O maide he let hongue And to hire fet bynden heuie stones, þat hire deþes þrowes weren strongue.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.263 : His deeþ tyme [L obitum].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26659 : Dute o brath on hell..reues man þe tung to mell..Quen ded thraus [Frf: dede þrawes] smites smert.
- a1425(a1349) Rolle MPass.(2) (Upps C.494)47/5 : Lete me bere it to my deeþ tyme as þou dide.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1150 : Þe theeffe at þe dede-thrawe so throly hym thryngez Þat three rybbys in his syde he thrystez in sundere.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)358/17 : When hur husband lay in dead thrawis.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)78/31 : Þat þe fende haue no power of you yn your deth-tyme.
h
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)640 : Ismot hem alle to grunde Oþer ȝaf hem diþes wunde.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3396 : Get sal ðe kinde of amalech Ben al fled dun in deades wrech.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1144 : Ech man þat he þer wiþ smot, he ȝef deþes wounde.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2098 : Þat þou hem wirche deþes wo!
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5959 : Mani paiem wiþ deþes wounde..[was] coruen to grounde.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)3490 : Scheteþ wiþ piles, & ȝif hem deþ wounde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3533 : Ech of hem in hastihiede Schal other slen with dethes wounde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6748 : Theif hus brecand..If man him smite wit dedes wond [Frf: deþes wounde]..Þe smitter sal haue na plight.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7592 : Mani feld wit dedes [Frf: deþes] wond.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)153/23 : Þo he wist þat he hade deth [vr. dethes] Wounde.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1697 : Hem thoughte feelen dethis wownde.
- a1425 Nicod.(1) (Add 32578)1716 : He was gods son verray, Þat we gaffe dedys wounde.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)14018 : Þere was ȝoven many a dethes wounde.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)14b : To ȝiue him deþes wounde.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)369/5 : A quarel..smot þe gode Erle yn þe hed, & þere he cauȝt his deth-wownde.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5024 : He myght noȝt his will do, Bot bade his dede wreke.
- a1500 Eglam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)407 : He..gaf the bore hys dethys wound.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)403 : Many of hem were deth wounded.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)11946 : Þenne seide ihesu, "þou goddes fo; Son of los & of deþ…þat i haue done þou hast spilt.
Note: Additional quote(s).
Note: Belongs to sense 7.(b).--per MJW
- (1440) Doc.in HMC Rep.3 App.360 : The forseyde Johan to have..suffycyant fuell and fure, metys..and clothynge aftyr here degree, and alle othyr esementys that ys necessary to here persone, wyth oute eny dethseynge of the forseyde John and Roberte, or eny of theym.
Note: Context: Johan has granted her entire estate to her sons John and Robert. She is to have freedom of access and all things necessary for life. Perhaps "dethseynge" refers to something which "eny of theym" might say on his or her deathbed, should that case arise (which would not change the terms of this indenture).
Note: New compound: ~ seiinge, ?testamentary provisions; ?termination. Belongs to sense 9.(f).
Note: This quot. has been taken back to books.--notes per MLL
- a1500 *Nicod.(5) (Wor F.172)5a : The priestis and levites..thoughten how bi what deth thei myght slee Joseph.
Note: Postdates sense 5.(a).--per MP
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3252 : Þet folc wes…bliðe for dædðen [?read: dæððen] of þon deore.
Note: New spelling: (?error) dædðen.--per MLL
- a1456(a1402) *Trev.Nicod.(Add 16165)102a : Alle men shoulde come togedres affter þe saturday and cast to what manere deoþe þey wolde do Ioseph of Aramathye.
Note: New spelling: Also..deoþe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)161 : Wao wes Brutus…þa þe fader wes on deaðe
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15418 : Brien…dude þan kinge to witen…þat Pelluz wes on deðen.
Note: Supplemental material: belongs to sense 3a.(a) for phrase ben on ~.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.68ra (2.9) : Þat is noȝt elles but a hote drye fumosite, brestand out and stiand & walmand so vp, & þerof often tyme folk cachen here deþ.
Note: Additional quot., sense 2a.(b).
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Correction: We need to straighten out the confusion between ded n. and the forms of deth spelled with final -d(e. Since both words mean the same thing, it might be more rational to put all the forms with final -d(e in ded n., and leave a note indicating what has been done.--per MJW
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. death.