Middle English Dictionary Entry
dēfǒuling ger.
Entry Info
| Forms | dēfǒuling ger. Also defuling. |
| Etymology |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
Trampling, treading under foot.
Associated quotations
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)55.6 : Hij shul kepen mid fouleing [read: mi defouleing; Dub: my defoulyng; L calcaneum meum].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 10.19 : I haue ȝouun to ȝou power of defoulinge, othir tredinge [L calcandi], on serpents and scorpiouns.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Is.5.5 : Y schal caste doun the wal therof, and it schal be in to defoulyng [WB(1): to-tredyng; L conculcationem].
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)33b : Defowlyng:..conculcacio.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)419 : Lord, wher þis casting out & þis defouling þat crist spekiþ of be ȝyuyng of godis to siche curatis.
2.
(a) Injury, abuse; breaking, destruction; a blight on crops [last quot.]; (b) disfigurement.
Associated quotations
a
- c1390 Talking LGod (Vrn)46/25 : What tonge may tellen..of þat harde boffetyng, þat horlyng and defoulyng, þat þou þoledest schomelich at þi furste takyng.
- a1400 MPPsalter (Dub 69)13.7 : Defulyng [Add: Defoule and vnhappe ys in her waies].
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)2 Kings 22.5 : For there han enuyround me the defoulyngis [WB(2): sorewis; L contritiones] of deeth.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)50a/a : Pinnum: defoulynge.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)149a/b : Defoulyng [*Ch.(1): attricioun] and brusynge happeth ofte tymes to þe nayles.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)33b : Defowlyng:..austrinacio.
b
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)113b/a : Therfor þe morphee is a playn defoulyng [L defedatio], spotty or maculose, of þe skyn.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)116 : Defowlynge: Deturpacio, maculacio.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)23/20 : And also for that defoulyng of her uisage, her husbonde might neuer finde in his herte to loue her hertly as he dede before.
3.
(a) Dirt; contamination or infection in a wound; act of defiling; (b) moral pollution, wickedness; (c) desecration; violation of baptism or marriage vows; (d) rape.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)12b/b : An aungel is..merour pure..wiþoute smittinge, wiþowte wemme oþir defouling [L incontaminata].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)120a/b : Also schinynge comeþ of liȝt..wiþoute defoulinge [L contamine] of clennesse of liȝt.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)90a/b : And after þe quantite of contaminacioun i. defoulyng or infectyng, be it cautarized.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Jer.23.15 : Fro the profetus forsothe of Jerusalem is gon out defouling vp on al erthe.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)2 Pet.2.20 : If men forsakinge the defoulinges, or vnclennesses [L coinquinationes] of the world.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)5/93 : Clannes of bodi in cloþing Is ofte þe soule defoulyng [L animae..immunditiam].
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)466 : He spekith more of this goostli defouling.
c
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)2/18 : Alle men schulden bileue..oo baptem..þat alle men schulden kepe wiþouten defouling.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Judith 4.10 : Thei crieden togidere to the Lord God of Israel, lest the children of hem schulden be ȝouun in to prey..and her hooli thingis in to defoulyng [L pollutionem].
- ?c1430(a1400) Wycl.Wedded Men (Corp-C 296)200 : God þat is auctor of þis ordre loveþ it..And no defoulynge þerof may askape unpeyned.
d
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.34.13,27 : The sones of Jacob..weren feerse for the defoulyng of maidenhod of the sistir [L ob stuprum sororis]..othere sones of Jacob..rifeliden the citee for the veniaunce of defoulyng of a virgyn [L in ultionem stupri].
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)5 : He wexe full of viciousness yn his lyvyng, as yn dispusellyng and defowlyng of yong madyns.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. defouling.