Fleta minor the laws of art and nature, in knowing, judging, assaying, fining, refining and inlarging the bodies of confin'd metals : in two parts : the first contains assays of Lazarus Erckern, chief prover, or assay-master general of the empire of Germany, in V. books, orinally written by him in the Teutonick language and now translated into English ; the second contains essays on metallick words, as a dictionary to many pleasing discourses, by Sir John Pettus ... ; illustrated with 44 sculptures.
- Title
- Fleta minor the laws of art and nature, in knowing, judging, assaying, fining, refining and inlarging the bodies of confin'd metals : in two parts : the first contains assays of Lazarus Erckern, chief prover, or assay-master general of the empire of Germany, in V. books, orinally written by him in the Teutonick language and now translated into English ; the second contains essays on metallick words, as a dictionary to many pleasing discourses, by Sir John Pettus ... ; illustrated with 44 sculptures.
- Author
- Ercker, Lazarus, d. 1594.
- Publication
- London :: Printed for the author, by Thomas Dawks ...,
- 1683.
- Rights/Permissions
-
To the extent possible under law, the Text Creation Partnership has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above, according to the terms of the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). This waiver does not extend to any page images or other supplementary files associated with this work, which may be protected by copyright or other license restrictions. Please go to http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/ for more information.
- Subject terms
- Assaying -- Early works to 1800.
- Metallurgy -- Early works to 1800.
- Link to this Item
-
https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A54597.0001.001
- Cite this Item
-
"Fleta minor the laws of art and nature, in knowing, judging, assaying, fining, refining and inlarging the bodies of confin'd metals : in two parts : the first contains assays of Lazarus Erckern, chief prover, or assay-master general of the empire of Germany, in V. books, orinally written by him in the Teutonick language and now translated into English ; the second contains essays on metallick words, as a dictionary to many pleasing discourses, by Sir John Pettus ... ; illustrated with 44 sculptures." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A54597.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 12, 2024.
Contents
- frontispiece
- title page
- bookplate
- TO THE Kings most Excellent MAJESTY.
-
To the Right Honourable,
George Marquess, Earl, Vis∣countHallifax, and Baron ofEland, Lord Privy Seal, and one of His Majesties most Honourable Privy Coun∣cel; and Governour of the Society of theMines Royal, andBattery Works. - To the Noble and Honoured Subscribers and Contributers to this BOOK.
-
To my Worthy Friend,
Richard Manlove, Esq Warden of theFleet. - To the Courteous READER.
- THE PREFACE OF Lazarus Erckern, To his five following BOOKS.
- The first PART, Consisting of V. BOOKS.
- table of sculptures
- errata
-
Lazarus Erskerus
aliàs Erckern.-
BOOK I.
- CHAP. I. Of Silver Oars.
- CHAP. II. How Silver Oars are distinctly known.
-
CHAP. III. How the Assay-
Ovens to prove Silver and other Metals are to be prepared. -
CHAP. IV. How
Muffles, Bottom-plates, Tests, and other smallPotters -Work (necessary for Assayers) are to be made. -
CHAP. V. Of
Copels, and how they may be made firm and good. -
CHAP. VI. How good
Copels may be made, wherein the Tryals will not leap nor sparkle. -
CHAP. VII. How good
Clar is to be made. -
CHAP. VIII. How
Glass of Lead, orLead-Glass is to be made. -
CHAP. IX. Of the
Weights which belong to the proving ofSilver-Oars. -
CHAP. X. How all
Silver-Oars are to be tryed. -
CHAP. XI. How poor
Oars ofSilver are to be Assayed. -
CHAP. XII. To try
Muddy-vvater springs ofSilver. -
CHAP. XIII. How a true
Lead-Grain which is usually drawn off in the Proof, is to be made. -
CHAP. XIV. How a
Slackstone orCopper-stone is to be made, and to be tryed forSilver, and what theSlackstone is. -
CHAP. XV. To try
Hard Work andCopper -Laech uponSilver. -
CHAP. XVI. To Assay melted
Speiz, and what it is. -
CHAP. XVII. How
Black Copper is to be melted and cast intoIngots. -
CHAP. XVIII. To try Bell-metal for
Silver. -
CHAP. XIX. How old
Silver-plate orCoyn is to be made intoGrains. -
CHAP. XX. To
granulate out of aKiln. -
CHAP. XXI. How the
grain'd orgranulated Silver is to be assayed forfine Silver. -
CHAP. XXII. How
coin'd Money in great or small Sorts may be Assayed. -
CHAP. XXIII. How
Burnt silver Pieces andPlates are to be cut out. -
CHAP. XXIV. How
Silver Touch-Needes are to be made. -
CHAP. XXV. How
Mettals that aremelted must be cut out, and assayed forSilver. -
CHAP. XXVI. How
Tin is to be assayed forSilver. -
CHAP. XXVII. How to separate
Iron andSteel fromSilver. -
CHAP. XXVIII. How
Black orwhite Silver is to be burnt clean, and how theTests for it are to be made right. -
CHAP. XXIX. How to burn
Silver under theMuffle. -
CHAP. XXX. How Copper is to be Assayed for fine
Silver. -
CHAP. XXXI. How
Silver is to be separated fromTin. -
CHAP. XXXII. How to drive out all sorts of
Silver, that it may be Deft, smooth and fine. -
CHAP. XXXIII. How to boyl
Copper from thepagment or oldSilver inCoined Money, or fromthin beaten plates ofSilver. -
CHAP. XXXIV. How good proof
Ballances are to be made and fitted. -
CHAP. XXXV. Of Filing or Joyning the
proof Ballance orScales. -
CHAP. XXXVI. How
Proof-Weights are to bemade anddivided, and first of theGrains Pence andCarrat weights. -
CHAP. XXXVII. For
dividing theWeight of theCentner.
-
OF Golden OARS. BOOK II.
-
CHAP. I. -
CHAP. II. What
Proofs andWashings theGold-washers use inGold-works. - CHAP. III. Of Gold Slicks▪
-
CHAP. IV. How
Gold-Slicks withGold from digg'dOar are to be prepared. -
CHAP. V. How Clean
Gold-slicks are to be made to pro∣fit withoutQuicksilver. -
CHAP. VI.
Of Flussto boyl upthe Oars. -
CHAP. VII. How
Gold may be separated very clean from theQuicksilver. -
CHAP. VIII. How
Gold-Oars are to be proved forGold. -
CHAP. IX. How
Gold inLumps, Plates, Ingots or coynedGold is to be assayed, and first ofTouch-Needles. -
CHAP. X. How the
white Touch Needles are to be made. -
CHAP. XI. How
Touch-Needles are to be made and used forCrown-Gold. -
CHAP. XII. The
Division of theTouch-Needles, when the Me∣tal ishalf white, andhalf red. -
CHAP. XIII. How
Touch-needles are to be made forRhenish Gold, in which there is two partswhite, and one partred. -
CHAP. XIV. How the
Touch Needles are to be used. -
CHAP. XV. How the
Gold is to be proved byAqua fortis. -
CHAP. XVI. How to prove the
Aqua fort▪ and how muchGold it doth leave in theProof. -
CHAP. XVII. How
Silver is to be proved forGold. -
CHAP. XVIII. To prove Goldish-Silver by the
Water-weight. -
CHAP. XIX. To find without such
water-Proof, whetherSilver con∣tainsGold. -
CHAP. XX. How to separate
Gold andSilver, and how to burn or distilAqua fort. and prepare Instruments and Clay for the Work. -
CHAP. XXI. How to make
Ovens to DistillAqua Fort. -
CHAP. XXII. How the
Ingredients are to be prepared fordistilling of theAqua fort. -
CHAP. XXIII. How
Aqua fortis is to bedistilled. -
CHAP. XXIV. How
Aqua fortis is to bedistilled in anIron Jug orPot. -
CHAP. XXV. How to distil
Aqua fort. in4, or5 Hours. -
CHAP. XXVI. Another good way to distil
Aqua fort. -
CHAP. XXVII. How to make an Excellent
strong Aqua fort. -
CHAP. XXVIII.
How to distil an Aqua fortis,called Aqua Regis,which dissolveth Gold, Copper, Iron, Leadand Tin;also Mercury sublimateand Arsnick. -
CHAP. XXIX. To distil
Aqua fort. inRetorts with otherAd∣vantages. -
CHAP. XXX. How
Aqua fort. is to be separated and cleansed from itsFeces. -
CHAP. XXXI. How
weak Aqua fort is to be madestronger. -
CHAP. XXXII. How
Gold andSilver in theAqua fort. is to beseparated. -
CHAP. XXXIII. When the
Gold is abstracted, how theSilver is to be brought again, out ofAqua fort. -
CHAP. XXXIV. How
Aqua fortis drawn fromSilver may be used again. -
CHAP. XXXV. How to separate
Gold andSilver by Fusion. -
CHAP. XXXVI. How the
Scoria 's or dross is to be made to Profit. -
CHAP. XXXVII. How to make a
Fluss forPrecipitation. -
CHAP. XXXVIII. How to make good and sound
Crucibles for separating theFluss. - CHAP. XXXIX. Of Cementing, and what it is.
-
CHAP. XL. How the
cover'd Oven forCement is to be made. -
CHAP. XLI. How
Rhenish Gold is to beCemented. -
CHAP. XLII. Another
Cement upon light ormean Gold. -
CHAP. XLIII. A good
Common Cement for allGolds▪ -
CHAP. XLIV.
More Instructionsfor Cementing. -
CHAP. XLV.
How to graduate Gold. -
CHAP. XLVI. How to make brickle Gold,
deft. -
CHAP. XLVII. Another way to make
Gold, Deft. -
CHAP. XLVIII. How to make Gold Deft upon theCopel. -
CHAP. XLIX. How to cast
Gold throughAntimony. -
CHAP. L. How the
Blick orlight Gold, containing muchSilver, is to be separated. -
CHAP. LI. How to separate the used
Antimony▪ -
CHAP. LII. How
Gold may be made fine and clean throughAqua Regis.
-
-
OF Copper OARS.BOOK III.
-
CHAP. I. How to know
Copper Oars. -
CHAP. II. How to make
Crucibles andOvens to proveCopper. -
CHAP. III. How to make a
Fluss to proveCopper Oars. -
CHAP. IV. How soft flowing
Copper Oars are to be proved. -
CHAP. V. How hard flowing
Copper Oars are to be proved. -
CHAP. VI. How to prove
light Coppers. -
CHAP. VII. How light
Copper Oars which are mixt and insperged with flint, may be brought toprofit. -
CHAP. VIII. How to prove
Copper Oar fromCopper-stone. -
CHAP. IX. How to prove
Copper Oar another way. -
CHAP. X. How to prove melted
Copper-stone. -
CHAP. XI. To prove
Flinty Copper by Sulphur. -
CHAP. XII.
How to prove Black Coppersby deftyor smooth Coppers. -
CHAP. XIII. How to prove whether
Lead be veryCopperish. -
CHAP. XIV. Twelve necessary
Instructions for anAssayer to follow. -
CHAP. XV.
Twelve Directions how to separateSilver fromCopper in the great Work. -
CHAP. XVI. Thirteen
additional Instructionsabout good Copper. -
CHAP. XVII.
Six additionalInstructions about proving of freshOar, calledhard Lead. -
CHAP. XVIII. Three Additions concerningThornels, or parts ofOars not fully melted. -
CHAP. XIX. Six
more Instructionsconcerning goodand deft Coppers. -
CHAP. XX. Seven more
additional Instructionsabout good Copper. -
CHAP. XXI.
Nine Rules, shewing how theRegulus of poor blackCopper-Oar is to beassayed, after theHungarian Method. -
CHAP. XXII.
Seven moreInstructions for theHungarian way ofsepa∣rating, and how the first work orInstrick is to be performed. -
CHAP. XXIII. How
Litarge Pieces are to be made. -
CHAP. XXIV. How
Silver is to be separated from spizy and uncleanblack Coppers. -
CHAP. XXV. Instructions
for driving Leadand Copperfrom Silver. -
CHAP. XXVI. Of driving the
Keinstocks andThornels. -
CHAP. XXVII. A singular way of
melting in the Assayingwork. -
CHAP. XXVIII. How
Copper is to be madeBrass.
-
CHAP. I. How to know
-
OF Lead OARS, TIN, ANTIMONY, QUICKSILVER, IRON, STEEL, and the LOADSTONE. BOOK IV.
- CHAP. I. Of Lead Oars.
-
CHAP. II. How to prove
defty-lead Oars forLead. -
CHAP. III. How to prove an
undefty, Lead-Oar forLead. -
CHAP. IV. How to prove
poor separable Oar byboyling it, and trying it bysmelting. -
CHAP. V. How to try common
Lead-Oars forLead, in a littleOven. -
CHAP. VI. How the
inseparable and lightLead Oars are to be assay∣ed in alittle Oven. -
CHAP. VII. How to make a
Lead-Proof on a Table or in a Stove. -
CHAP. VIII. How to make
Lead Oars (though they will not separate in the water) to be profitable. -
CHAP. IX. Of melting
Oars withMoll orTurf. -
CHAP. X. How to prove
Spelter orWizmet Oar, which some callBizmuth. -
CHAP. XI.
Of Tin. -
CHAP. XII. How to prove
Tin-stone forTin. -
CHAP. XIII. How to try
Tin-stone in the littleOvens. -
CHAP. XIV. Of beating and preparing the
Zwitter. -
CHAP. XV. An Instruction for
Tin-stone Work. -
CHAP. XVI. To prove Tin Additions. -
CHAP. XVII. How to prove
Antimony. -
CHAP. XVIII.
Of Quick-silver. -
CHAP. XIX. How to prove
Quick-silver-Oar forQuick-silver. -
CHAP. XX.
Of Iron andSteel-stone, how to know and prove them. -
CHAP. XXI. How to prove whether the
Iron-stone berich inIron. - CHAP. XXII. Of Magnets.
-
OF SALT-PETRE, VITRIOL, ALLUM
and Salt Springs. BOOK V.-
CHAP. I.
Of Salt-Petre. -
CHAP. II. Of what
Earth Salt-Petre is best to be made. -
CHAP. III. How
Salt-petre is to be proved. -
CHAP. IV. How the
Lees orSuds shall be made out of the above∣mentionedEarths. -
CHAP. V. How to Boyl
Lees orSuds. -
CHAP. VI. How to prepare
Lees for the crude and rawSalt-Petre. -
CHAP. VII. How to
purify and cleanse theraw Salt-Petre. -
CHAP. VIII. How to
cleanse the greatGraind and blackSalt-Petre Salt. -
CHAP. IX. How to make the
raw Lees richer before theboyling▪ -
CHAP. X. How
Flints are to be proved forVitriol, andAllum-Oar forAllum.
-
CHAP. I.
-
BOOK I.
- title page
- index
- errata
-
ESSAYS EXPLAINING Metallick WORDS: Alphabetically disposed, as a DICTIONARY or INDEX to the whole. Note,
T. signifies theTeutonical orUpper German Language.L. TheLatine. A. TheAnglican orEnglish: The rest are written at large, being but seldom used.