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GOod readers, I do most hartely beseche you, euen as ye tender either the truth, or the saluation of your sowles, to haue a good and a speciall regarde to M. Hornes narration nowe following. For now at the length is M. Horn come frō his long and vnfruitfull wandering in Spaine, Fraunce, Italie, Germany, and other countries, to our own natiue contrey. Now, where as the late doings in
our Countre are suche, as we haue sequestred our selues frō the common and vsuall obedience, that all other contries concerning authority in matters ecclesiasticall euer gaue, with a singular and peerlesse preeminence to the see of Rome, and do yet sequester, the more pittie, our selues day∣lie more and more, makinge none accompte of other good princes doings and presidents in this behalf, and pretending partly in the acts of parliament, partly in the newe englishe bokes, and daylie sermons, that this is no newe or straunge example in England, to exclude the Pope from all maner spiritual iurisdiction to be exercised and practised there by hym: yt behoued our protestants, especiallie M. Horne in thys his boke, that what so euer his proufes were for other countries, yet for some conuenient prouf of the olde pra∣ctise concerning his newe primacie in Englande, to haue wrowght his matters so substancially, that at least wise, for our owne Countre, he shulde haue browght forth good aū∣cient and autentique matter. And wil ye nowe see the wise and euen dealinge of these protestant prelats? Where they pynne vp all our proufes, wythin vj. hundred yeares after Christ: and what so euer we bring after, theyr Iewell tel∣leth vs ful merelie we come to late, M. Horne in this mat∣ter of Supreamacie most weightie to the poore catholiks, the deniyng thereof being more greauously punished by la¦wes, then anie other matter nowe lying in controuersie betwene the catholyks and protestantes in Englande: M. Horne I say, for thys his owne country, which as approued Chroniclers reporte, and as him self after alleageth, did first of al the Romā prouinces, publiquely embrace Christes rel∣ligion: for one thousand yeares, standeth mute. And belike thinking that William Conquerour had conquered aswell
all the olde catholyke fayth in Englande, as the Lande and people, fansieth a duble conqueste, one vppon the goods and bodies, the other vppon the sowles and faythe of the Englishe men. But what shall I nowe say to this noble and worthie Champion? shall I dryue hym a litle backe, with M. Iewels peremptory challenge and tel him, that he com∣meth to late by almoste fyue hundred yeares? Or shall I deale more freely and liberally with him, then M. Iewell doth whith vs, and bydde hym take the beste helpe he can for hym self? Verely M. Horne had nede I did so: And yet all will be to lytle for his purpose: aswell for that after the conquest he hath no sufficient prouf, for his pretensed su∣premacy, as for that, what prouf so euer he bringeth, yt must yelde and geue place to the first thousand yeares, whiche beare ful testimonie for the Popes primacie laufully practi∣sed in our realme before the conquest.
It were now a matter for to fyll a large volume withal, to runne a longe by these thowsand yeares, and to shewe what prouf we haue for the popes primacy before the con∣quest. My answere woulde waxe to bigge and to prolixe yf I shoulde so doe. But I will onelie putte the good reader in remembraunce of a matter or two: I muste therefore pluck M. Horne backe from Williams conquest and desire him to remember an other, and a better, and more aun∣ciente conqueste with al, in Britannie, then Williams was, yea aboute ix. hundred yeares before: when this Ilelande of Britanie was firste delyuered from the tyrannicall yoke, and miserable bondage of dyuelish idolatrie: But by whom M. Horne? Suerlie by pope Eleutherius, to whome kinge Lucius sente letters desiringe hym, that by his commaun∣dement he mighte be christened. Fugatius and Damià∣nus
(whose holy reliques are thought to be now in Wales, and whose holy remembraunce churches there dedicated to God in their name, doe to this day kepe and preserue as it were fresh and immortall) sent to England by the sayed Eleutherius, did most godly and wonderfully worke thys great conqueste. If I should nowe aske M. Horne, what Lucius meant to send so farre for instructours and teachers of the Christian fayth, namely Fraunce beyng at hande: where about thys tyme the Christian Churches were ad∣orned wyth many learned Bishoppes and Martyrs: though he woulde perchaunce seeke manie a pretye shyfte, to shyfte awaye thys demaunde, yet should he neuer make any good and sufficiente aunsweare, vntyll he confessed the Popes primacye, to be the verie cause to send so farre of. The which the blessed Martyr of God and great lear∣ned Bishoppe of Lyons in Fraunce Ireneus writyng in the tyme of our firste Apostle Eleutherius doth confesse, wri∣tyng: That all Churches muste agree wyth the Churche of Rome, for that the sayed Churche hath the greater principa∣litie, and for that the traditions of the Apostles haue euer bene kept there.
In case nowe the pope had nothing to doe in matters ecclesiasticall within this Ileland in the tyme of the olde Britaines, why did pope Celestinus appoint to the Scottes, theyr firste Bishop Palladius as Prosper writeth a notable Chronicler of that age? Why dyd he also send into thys Ileland S. Germaine Bishoppe of Antisiodorum, to bryng by the Apostolicall Authoritie the Britaynes from the he∣resye of the Pelagians, as the sayed Prosper witnesseth?
Lett vs nowe come to the tyme of the Saxons con∣uerted
by S. Augustine: And then shall we fynd so manie, and so full testimonies both of the popes primacie, and of the princes subiection, as I trowe M. Horne him selfe, as impudent as he is, can not, nor will not denie them. Which I do ouerpasse, by reason they are readely to be foūd in our worthy coūtriemā S. Bede, lately set forth by me in the En∣glish tongue, and in the Fortresse also adioyned to the same storie, I will nowe adde this only, that from the time wher∣in Beda endeth his storie, to the conquest of the foresaied William, there appeareth in our domesticall stories a per∣petuall and continuall practise of the saied primacie in this realme by the popes, as well in those bookes as be extant in printe, as in other: As in Asserius Meneuens. that continu∣eth the storie from the death of Bede, to the yeare of our Lorde: 914. in Henricus Huntingtoniensis, Gulielmus Mal∣mesburiensis, Alphredus Beuerlacensis, Rogerus Houede∣nus, Florilegiū, siue Mattheus Westmonasteriensis, Chro∣nica Iohānis Londoniensis, and many other yet not printed (that I haue not sene) and which are hard to be sene, by reason of the greate spoyle of such kind of bookes of late made, in the suppressing of monasteries and colleges. The which suppression, and it were for nothing else, but for the losse of so many worthy Chroniclers, can not be to much lamented, the losse being incomparably greater, then the losse of any princes treasure. The case is nowe to be pi∣tyed, for that the verie Librarie of the Vniuersitie of Ox∣forde hath felt the rage of this spiteful spoile, not so much as one booke at this howre there remaining. This is one of the worthy fruits of your new ghospel M. Horne. As appe∣reth also by the late vprores in these low Coūtries wher by the Gueses, not onely the Monasteries, but the Libraries
also (namelye of the grey friers in Antwerpe) be most shamefully defaced, the bookes burnt to ashes, and the olde monuments destroyed. The naming of Oxforde, bringeth to my remembrance the noble and worthy foūder of the vniuersity there, I meane Kinge Alurede. In whose tyme there was at Rome a special schole or colledge, for English mē, priuile∣ged ād exēpted frō al taxe ād tollages, by pope Mar∣tin the .2. at the desire of this King. Who sent to him for a gift a peece of the holy crosse. This King beīg learned hīself loued entierly learned mē, especially Ioānes Scotus, that trāslated out of the Greeke tōg the works of Dionysius Areopagita: whoō he vsed moste familiarly. This Alurede, being but yet yong, was sent by the Kinge Edeluulphus his father to Rome accompanied with many noble men, where pope Leo the .4. did confirme him, and toke him as his sonne by adoption, and did also annoynte and consecrate him King of Englande. The manifolde practise of the said primacy continued from this Kings tyme, euen to the tyme, and in the tyme of blessed S. Edward, the immediate predecessour of William, sauing Harolde who reigned not one full yeare. In the twenty yeare of the said King Ed∣warde, the blessed man Wulstanus, that was be∣fore a monk and prior there, was consecrated bis∣shop of Worceter. A man of suche notable vertue, and such austerity of lyfe, as he resembled the olde vertuouse and renowned religiouse men. As one that among all other his notable qualities, conti∣nued so in praying, studiyng and fasting, that som∣tymes
in foure dayes and foure nights he neuer slepte: and that litle reste which he toke, was vpon a foorme in the Churche, vsing none other bolsterre, but his booke, wher∣in he prayed or studied. This man, I saye, was made bisshop, and confirmed by the popes Legats being then in the realm before the Cōqueste. Our authour doth not write this of vncertain heresay, but of certain knowledge, as a mā of that age, and one, that as it semeth, had sene this blessed man, ād talked with him.
To discourse vpon other particularities as vpon the con∣tinual appeale to Rome, vpon willes, charteres, and such o∣ther writings sent from Rome, to auoide tediousnes I doe purposely forbeare. But I will nowe notifie to the good reader two thīgs only. First that from the tyme of the good Kinge Offa (in the yere of our Lord .760.) who gaue after the example of Inas not long before him, to the Pope as to the Vicare of S. Peter, the Peter pence, euen to the cōquest the payment of the said Peter pence hath continued: and they were frō tyme to tyme leuied, the Kings taking good diligent order, for the sure paymente of the same. Second∣ly that from the tyme of S. Augustine, the first Archebis∣shop among the Saxons, both he and al other Archebishops euen to the conquest receaued their palle from Rome: an infallible token of their subiectiō to the Pope, as Peters suc∣cessour, vpon whose holy tombe, the palle is first layed, ād after taken of, and sente to the Archebisshop. As these two tokens of subiection cōtinued frō tyme to time, to the con∣queste: so they continewed also without any interruption, (onlesse it were verie seldome, and for a litle space by rea∣son of some priuate controuersie, betwixte the Pope and the Kinge) euen from thence to our freshe memorie, be∣side
many notable things otherwise in this realme since the conquest, continually practised, that serue for the declara∣tion and confirmation of the said primacy. Perchaunce M. Horne wil say to me, Sir, though I specifie nothing before the conquest to iustifie the princes supremacy, yet in the margent of my booke, I doe remitte the reader, to a booke made in King Henry the .8. days. Wherein he may see, what doinges the Kings of England had in this realme before the conquest, for matters Ecclesiastical. A prety and a clerklie remission in dede, to sende your reader for one thowsande of yeares together, in the which ye shoulde haue laide out before hī, your best and principal proufs, to seke out a book, he wotteth not where, and which, whē it is at lēgth foūd, shal proue your matter, no more substātially, then ye haue done hitherto your selfe. And therefore because ye worke by signes and profers only and marginal notes, I wil remitte both you and my reader to a marginal note also, for your and his ful aunswere.
Nowe then, lette vs goe forwarde in Gods name, and see whether Kinge William conquered, bothe the lande and the Catholike faithe all at ones. Lette vs consider yf this Kinge and the re∣alme did not then acknowledge the Popes Supre∣macy, as much, and as reuerently as any Christian prince doth now liuīg. I say nothing of the othe he toke the day of his coronation, promising by othe to Aldrede Archbisshop of Yorke that crouned hī, at S. Peters alter in Westminster, before the clergy, and the people, that he would defende the holye Churches and their gouernours. But tel your rea∣ders good M. Horn I beseche you, why that King
Williā, contrary to the aunciēt order, vsed euer be∣fore and since, was not crowned of Stigandus thē liuing and being Archbishop of Canterbury, but of the bishop of York. Yf ye can not or wil not for ve∣ry shame to betraie your cause tel you reader, then wil I do so much for you. Forsoth, the cause was, that the Pope layde to his charge, that he had not receiued his palle canonically. The said Stigandus was deposed shortly after in a Councell holden at Winchester in the presence of .ij. Cardinals sent frō Pope Alexander the .2. and that (as Fabian writeth) for thre causes. The first for that he had holden wrōg∣fully the bisshoprik, whyle Robert the Archbishop was liuing. The second for that he had receyued the palle of Benett bishop of Rome, the fifth of that name. The third for that he occupied the said Palle without licēce and leful authority of the court of Rome. Your author Polychronicon writeth in the like effect. Neubri∣gensis also newly prīted, toucheth the depositiō of this Stigādus by the Popes Legat in Englād, ād re∣porteth that the Popes Legat Canonically deposed him. What liking haue you now M. Horne of Kīg Williās supremacy? Happy are you with your fel∣lowes, the protestāt bishops, and your two Archbis∣shops, that the said Williā is not now king. For if he were, ye se cause sufficiēt, why ye al shuld be depri∣ued, aswel as Stigād{us}. And yet ther is one other thīg worse thā this, and that is schisme and heresy. Who woulde euer haue thought good reader, that the Pope should euer haue found M. Horne him selfe, so good a proctour, for the Papacy, againste him
self and his fellowes? For lo, this brasen face which short∣ly for this his incredible impudency, will be much more famouse, then freer Bacons brasen head, of the which the schollers of Oxforde were wonte to talke so much, doth not blushe, to tel thee, good reader, to his owne confusion of the Popes Legates, and the Councell kepte at Winche∣ster: And al this is ye wotte wel to shewe, that Kinge Wil∣liam was supreme head in al causes as wel temporall as spi∣ritual. Then doth he pleade on foorth full lustely for the Pope: for Kinge William heareth a certayne Ecclesiasti∣call matter beinge in controuersie, and dependinge in the Popes cowrte betwene the Archebisshop of Yorke and the Archebisshop of Caunterbury: the which cause the Pope had remitted to be determined by the King and the bishops. Well said M. Horne, and like the Popes faithfull proctour. For hereof followeth that the Pope was the su∣preame head and iudge of the cause: And the Kinge the Popes Commissioner, by whose commaundemēt, the cause was sent ouer to be heard in Englād. And yet was Huber∣tus the Popes Legat present at the end this notwithstāding.
M. Horne would now belike make vs belieue, that King William also thrusted out Abbats and supressed Monaste∣ries, when yt pleased him. For he telleth vs, that by the Kīgs iudgement Abbat Thurstan was chaunged, and his monks scattered abrode: but he had forgotte to set in also, that his authour, and others say: that it was for slaying of certayne of his monkes, and wounding of certayne other. The monks also had hurt many of his men. And your author of the Pollichro∣nicō telleth, that these mōks were scattered abrode by the kīgs hest, by diuers bisshopriks and abbays: which latter words ye leue out. As also you do in your Author Fabiā, who saith
not, they were scattred about, as you reporte, as though they had bene scattred out of their coates, as of late dayes they were, but he saieth: they were spred abrode into diuers houses through Englande: so that they chaunged but their house, not their Religion. And so this was no spirituall matter that the kinge did, neither gaue he herein any iudgement in any spirituall cause.
Nowe if all other argumentes and euidences fayled vs, to shewe that kinge William toke not him self for supreame gouernour in all maner causes, as you moste vntruely and fondly auouche, we might well proue it againste yowe by the storie of Lanfranke, whome kinge William, as ye con∣fesse, made archebishop of Canterburie. Though according to your olde manner ye dissemble aswell the depryuation of Stigandus, in whose place the king set Lanfranke, as that Lanfranke receyuid his palle from Rome, and acknowled∣ged not the kinge, but the pope for supreame head of the Church. Which thing doth manifestly appeare, in his lear∣ned boke he wrote againste your greate graundsier Beren∣garius. Who, as ye doe nowe, denied then the transubstan∣tiation and the real presence of Christes bodie in the Sacra¦mente: and called the Churche of Rome, which had con∣demned his heresie, as ye vse to doe, the Church of the ma∣lignante, the councell of vanitye, the see of Sathan. To whome Lanfrancus answereth, that there was neuer anie heretyke, anie schismatyke, anie false Christian, that before hym had so wyckedly babled againste that see. And sayth yet farder in an other place of the sayd boke, Quotquot a primordio Christia∣nae Ecclesiae, Christiani nominis dignitate gloriati sunt, etsi ali∣qui relicto veritatis tramite per deuia erroris incedere malue∣runt, sedem tamen sancti Petri Apostoli magnificè honora∣uerunt,
nullam{que} aduersus eam huiusmodi blasphemiam, vel di∣cere, vel scribere praesumpserunt. Whosoeuer from the be∣gynning of Christes Church, were honored with the name of Christē mē, though some forsaking the Truth, haue gone astray, yet they honoured much the See of Peter, neyther presumed at any time either to speake or to write any such blasphemy. He saieth also, that the blessed Fathers doe vni∣formly affirme that mā to be an heretike, that doth dissent from the Romā and vniuersal Church in matter of faith.
But what nede I lay furth to thee good Reader, Lanfrāks learned books, or to goe from the matter we haue in hand ministred to vs by M. Horne, cōcerning this matter sent to be determined before the King? Such as haue or can get ei∣ther Polychronicō or Fabiā, I would wish them to see the very place: and thā wil they meruail, that M. Horne would for shame bring in this matter agaīst the Popes primacy: for the confirmation wherof ye shal find in Lāfranks reasoning before the King for his right vpō the church of York som∣thing worth the noting for the Popes primacy. Beside this he writeth that Lanfrank was a man of singular vertue, cō∣stancy, and grauity, whose helpe and coūsel for his affaires, the King chiefly vsed. And therfore your cōclusion that ye inferre, of such premisses as ye haue specified, which as I haue shewed, do not impugne, but establish the popes pri∣macy, is a very fond, folish and false cōclusion. It appeareth well both by Fabian and by Polychronicon, that he would sometime like a cōquerour for his owne lucre and safetie, both displace the English prelats, as he did the Knights and Nobles of the realme, to place his owne Normans in their roome: and also haue a peece many times of his owne mind cōtrary to the precise order of the Canōs and lawes eccle∣siastical.
And this not only Fabian and Polychonicon, but before them both Williā of Malmesbury doth also witnes. Such faults therfore of Williā Cōquerour ād of others, that your authour and other reporte in discōmendation, serue you notwithstāding (such beggarly shiftes you are forced to vse) for good argumēts ād substātial bulwarks, to build your newe supreamacy vpō. And nowe might I or anie wise mā much meruail, to cōsider how that ye haue ladē and freigh∣ted this one page of your boke with no lesse then .6. quota∣tiōs of the Polychronicō, and yet not one of them seruing for, but rather againste you: yea eche one ouerthrowing your purpose. And therfore because ye would be the lesse espied, as throughout your whole discourse, so here ye nei∣ther name boke nor chapter of your authour. Beside that it is vntrue that ye write, as out of Polychronicon, that the popes Legates kept a Councell before which was kept at Winchester. For he speaketh of none other but of that, where Stigādus, that we spake of, was degraded, and after∣ward kept streighly in prison by Williā Conquerour. And the Bishops and Abbats ye speake of, were not deposed by the King, but as your self write, by the kings meanes and pro∣curemēt. Which was (as Fabiā reporteth) all to the entent he might preferre Normans to the rule of the Church, as he had preferred his Knightes to the rule of the temporaltie: that he might stand in the more suertie of the lande.
Consyder the sub∣stantiall handling of the matter by M. Horn for Eng∣lande.
M. Horn for the firste thousand yeares shevveth no exam∣ple of his primacie practised then in Britannie Fol. 93. Col. 2.
M. Horn begīneth his newe primacie vvith vvilliam Conque∣rour, as thovv••h he had cōquered both the lande and the fayth vvithall.
Proufs for the po¦pes supre∣macie in Britanie before the Saxons tyme.
Beda hist. Ang. lib. 1. cap. 4.
Obsecrās, vt per ei{us} mandatū Christian{us} efficeretur King Lu¦ci{us} ād the realme Christe∣ned bi••the popes le∣gate••.
Ireneus li. 3 ca. 3. Ad hāc e∣nim prop∣ter poten∣tiorē prin¦cipalitatē necesse est oēm cōue∣nire Eccle¦siam, hoc est, eos qui sunt vndi∣que fide∣les, in qua semper ab hijs qui sūt vndi{que} cō∣seruata est ea, quae est ab Aposto¦lis traditio. Beda li. cap. 13. ••rosper in Chronic.
Pope Ce∣lestinus practised his supre¦macye in the Saxōs tyme.
The Po∣pes supre¦macie in Englande sithence the Saxōs time.
Beda. lib. 1 ca. 29. li, 3. ca. 14.22. & 25. li. 2. c. 4. & 19.
Fortresse. par 2. c. 8. A cōplaīt for defa∣c••ng of Libraries
King Alured: or Alphred the foūder of the vniuersitie of Oxforde.
A schole of the Sa¦xons at Rome. An. Dom. 880. Asserius Meneuensis. Gul. Noueoburgens. M.S. Henr. Hung∣tington.
Ioannes Scotus. Idem Henricus. King Alured vvas annointed king of England at Rome.
Asserius. Quo tempore Leo Papa .4. Apostolicae sedi praeerat, qui praefatum infantem Alphredū confirma∣uit, et in filium ado∣ptionis sibi accepit, & oleo vnctum con∣secrauit in Regem. Vide deflorationes Alphredi Beuerla∣censis.
A Patre suo Adelul∣pho Romā mittitur. & à papa Leone. 4 in Regem inūgitur. Of S. vvulstane bi∣shop of vvorceter.
He vvas cōfirmed by the popes le∣gats be∣fore the cōquest. Henry Hūtingto.
Idem Hēr. Hunting. Polid. l. 4. The con∣tinual pra¦ctise of the Popes Primacy in the re∣alme of England before the con∣queste in payinge the Peter pence, ād receiuing the palle.
De pote∣state Re∣gia.
The .411. vntruth, for there is not as much as one exam∣ple of this nevve Primacye brought foorth in that boke cōcerning Englād. And therfore this is a marginal lie of M. Hornes. And so are ye novv vvel∣come to Englande M. Horne vvithall your ioly compa∣nye, that is vvith .400. vntruthes and more cleauing faste to your syde be∣side many a trym follie othervvise,
VV. Conquerours othe.
In addit. ad. Noueo∣burg. M.S. promittēs se velle sanctas Dei Ecclesias, ac rectores defendere.
Idē Noueobur. M.S. Pallium canonicè nō suscepisti.
Fabian. par. 7. cap. 220.
The cause why the Archbishop Stigā∣dus vvas deposed.
Guil. Malmesb. Sti∣gandū perperā & fal¦sò Archiepiscopū, per Card. Rom. & Ar∣menfridū episcopum Sedunensem deponi passus est.
Polychronic. lib. 7. cap. 1.
Neub. lib. 1. cap. 1.
M. Horne and his felovves are to be deposed, yf he al∣lovv VV. Conque∣rours supremacy.
M Horns impudē∣cie.
Gul. Mal∣mesb. Ex prae∣cepto A∣lexandri. 11. venti∣lata est causa &c. Adfuit Hu¦bertus Le∣gatus Pa∣pae.
Fabian. cap. 222. Polich. lib. 7. cap. 3. Guiliel. de Pontifi. Guil. Hū∣tingt.
Notable places of Lanfrācus for the popes pri¦macie. Lanfran. contra Be¦rengar: de sacramēto Et hoc im¦pio ore gar¦risti quod garrista nemo lo∣quitur: nō haereticus, non schis∣maticus. non falsus aliquis Christia∣nus. fol. 2.
Fol. 13. Beati pa∣tres cōcor¦diter astru¦xerūt, hae∣ricum esse hoēm om∣nem, qui à Romana & vniuer¦sali Eccle¦sia in sidei doctrina discordat, in edit. Lo nan. in 8. An. 1551.
Lib. De pō¦tif. Angli.
Polychr. li. 7. ca. 1.
Fabian. cap. 220.