Middle English Dictionary Entry
crū̆cifīen v.
Entry Info
| Forms | crū̆cifīen v. Also crucefien. |
| Etymology | OF crucefiier |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To crucify (sb.); (b) Crist crucified, Christ on the cross; also, a crucifix; (c) ?to fasten (crabs) to stakes.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)241/11 : Alsuo hed he þe wordle uor vil and uor wlatuol, ase me heþ þane þet is ycrucified oþer anhonged uor his misdede.
- 1372 At þe time (Adv 18.7.21)11 : At vnderne, lord, þei gunnen þe to crucifiȝe [rime: enuyȝe].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 15.13 : Thei eftsoone crieden, 'Crucifie hym (or put hym on the cros).'
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 15.25 : It was the thridde our..and thei crucifieden [L crucifixerunt] him.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.280 : Fynally thanne was he crucified [vr. crucefied] and slayn.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)18273 : Qui gaf þou rede þis ilk iesu to crucifi [Ld: Crucefie; Trin-C: crucifie]?
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)2 Kings 21.6 : Be there ȝouun to vs seuen men of the sonys of hem, that we crucifien hem to the Lord in Gabaa of Saul.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)285 : Seyn Constantyne..conquerid þe crosse..That Criste was on crucifiede.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.Say.Nightingale (Trin-C R.3.20)254 : He gaf also his pourpur vestement To þe Iewys þat did him crucefye.
- c1470(?1458) Wey Jerus.(Bod 565)11 : Cryst stode jugyd to be dede And to be crucyfyyd at Caluery.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)383 : Somme..Wer..Crucefyed, of blood al Red.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)2.1 : The knyths of rome..crucified crist.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Cor.1.23 : We prechen Crist crucified.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)1 Cor.2.2 : For ich demed þat y ne knewe no þing a-mong ȝow, bote Iesu Crist y-crucifyed.
- c1440(a1349) Rolle 10 Com.(Thrn)10/21 : Haly crosses men sall lowte, For thay are in syngne of Cryste crucyfiede.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)177 : Than schuld Crist Crucified be broute before him..Than schould thei throw down the crosse and trede it undir fote.
c
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.862 : Flood crabbis heer and ther to crucifie [L clavis figunt; vr. crucifigunt], He seith is good.
2.
Fig. (a) To crucify (Christ) again; be irreverent or hostile to (Christ); (b) to torture (sb.); mortify (the flesh, body); (c) ben crucified to, to be despised by (sb.); (d) alch. to crucify (matter), change (matter) into a different physical form.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.6.6 : It is impossible hem..eftsoone for to be renewlid..eftsoones crucifyinge [L crucifigentes] to hem silf the sone of God.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Heb.6.6 : For þei crucyfyeþ aȝeyn Goddes sone to hem-seluen & han hym to a spectakel.
- a1425 WBible(2) Gloss.Heb.(NC 67)6.6 : Thei that wolen be cristned twyes..thouȝ thei crucifien Crist not in dede, thei crucifien him as to himself..thei crucifien eft Goddis sone and scornen him, that dispisen his grace and liggen in synnes.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)45.105 : Forto hym it sufficeth no thing Of my ferste Crwcyfyeng, but newe he Crwcyfieth me Ageyn.
- a1500 GRom.(Add 9066)226 : How many are yit that crucifien crist by her synne!
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Gal.5.24 : Thei that ben of Crist han crucified her fleisch, with vices and concupiscencis or coueitisis.
- a1400(?a1325) Bonav.Medit.(1) (Hrl 1701)608 : Beholde þe peynes of þy sauyour And crucyfye þyn herte with grete dolour.
- a1450 The tixt of holy writ (Dgb 102)156 : Wiþ hym sche [my soul] is skourged and bete And crucyfyed in his passioun.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)12147 : He [Mortificacioun]..wente fforth vp-on hys way; The body affter hym gan gon And bar hys croos alway in oon And was with hym ay Crucyffyed.
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)241/6 : He moȝe zoþliche zigge þet word þet þe apostel sainte paul zayde of him-zelue. 'Þe wordle,' he zayþ, 'is y-crucefyed [Vices & V.(2): crucified] to me and ich to þe wordle.'
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Gal.6.14 : Y ioye bote in þe cros of oure Lord Iesu Crist, þoroȝ whom þe world is y-crucyfyed to me, & y to þe worlde.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)79/30 : Summe be not crucified to þe world, but þe world is crucified to hem, for þei dispisen þis world, but þis world dispiseþ not hem.
d
- a1550 *Ripley CAlch.(BodeMus 63)60b : Our medicine..shalbe therby nobilizate; That must be done in maners twoo ffro tyme the partes be desponsate whiche muste be crusefyed & examinate..And after revived by the spirit of Lyffe, Then vp to heaven they muste exaltid be.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1400 Life Soul (LdMisc 210)11/14 : Knowe ȝe wil þat oure olde man is i-crucified, þat þe body of synne be distryed.
Note: New subsense for sense 2.
Note: Gloss: Fig. to annihilate (the power of sin), nullify.
Note: The list of variant spellings in the form section may be incomplete and / or may need revision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED.--notes per MLL