Middle English Dictionary Entry
crǒupẹ̄̆r n.
Entry Info
| Forms | crǒupẹ̄̆r n. Also cruper, crupper & croper, -ier, -our, -ure, cropper & cropel. |
| Etymology | AF cruper, CF cropiere, crupiere. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. croupe.
1.
(a) A cover for the hindquarters of a horse, or a crupper; (b) the hindquarters or haunches of a horse [some quots. may belong to (a)].
Associated quotations
a
- (c1330) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100518 : In emendacione del Bagsadle, 1 cropper.
- (1333-4) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100523 : In 1 croper, hamys, et 1 coler.
- (1353-4) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100554 : In uno novo Cruper pro sella del Baghors, 20 d.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.433 : Curious harneys, as in sadeles, in crouperes [vrr. cropers, cropours], peytrels and bridles.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.566 : A male tweyfolde on his croper lay.
- a1400 PPl.B (Trin-C B.15.17)10456 [15.453] : Wilde beestes..Rennynge withouten cropiers [vr. croperis].
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)168 : Þe pendauntes of his payttrure, þe proude cropure.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)602 : Þe apparayl of þe payttrure..Þe cropore & þe couertor acorded wyth þe arsounez.
- (1408-9) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.103607 : Unum Cropell pro le Cartesadyll cum apparatu ferreo.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)51a/b : Postela: a croper.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)105 : Croppere or crowpyn: Postela, subtela.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)8309 : Fayre Sadylles wyth cropers.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)388 : His croper was of sylke.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)5754 : Hys crouper heeng al ful off belles.
- (1454) Will York in Sur.Soc.30172 : The croper of my wyves sadel.
- (1464) Acc.Howard in RC 57264 : For lynynge of a payr steropys and a croper vj d.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)322/27 : The paytrels, sursynglys and crowpers braste.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)31a : A Cruppure [vr. Cropure]: postellum.
- a1486 Jousts of Peace (Mrg M 775)41 : A Rennyng paytrell. A Croper of leder.
b
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)6797 : Mescene rod ouer his cropere And lefft his stede.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)52.624 : & bare him Owt Of his sadel..Ouer his hors Crowpere.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)102/29 : He felled hym doune vppon the crowper of his stede.
- ?c1450 *Horse(1) (Dc 291)136a : The hors of gode entaile schall have a..large crouper, large gait.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)69/22 : Balyne smote hym agayne..and so bore hym..over the horse crowper.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)399/6 : He smote hym clene over the horse croupyr.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)132 : His sadill was of sykamoure…His bridell alle of brente golde…His cropoure was of tartaryne, þat traylede to þe erthe.
Note: New spelling: Also..cropoure.
Note: The list of variant spellings in the form section may be incomplete and / or may need revision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED. Revised form section: Also croupere, croupir, cruper, cruppure, croper(e, cropper(e, cropier, cropure, cropour(e, cropore & cropel.--notes per MLL