Middle English Dictionary Entry
cholle n.
Entry Info
| Forms | cholle n. Also ceola, (early) cheola; chelle; choule, chule. |
| Etymology | Cp. OE ceole throat (corresp. to OHG kela); but neither ME chelle nor cholle are normal phonemic derivatives of it. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Throat, gullet; (b) the front of the neck; jowl, double chin, dewlap, etc.; (c) forehead, head; balled ~ bald head.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)11/25 : Ad jnflationem gutturis, Wid mannes ceola þe byð sær.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)15/16 : Micel spatel on ceola wyxeþ and syhþ adun on þara lungane.
b
- a1350 Lord þat lenest (Hrl 2253)21 : In helle wiþ deueles he shulle duelle for þe clogges þat cleueþ by here chelle.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)125/2665 : Þe cholle vnder þe chin.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)131/2879 : A hitte him so on þe cholle And karf ato þe þrote bolle.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3194 : & herte him so þer on þe chel þat he was neȝ yslayn.
- c1400 Femina (Trin-C B.14.40)43 : Frogge oþer ewete ȝyf ȝe fynde, By þe chellez hem takeþ.
- ?c1475 in Camd.25264 fn. : For bolnynge vndur þe chole.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)224 : A frere..Wiþ a face as fat as a full bledder..his chyn wiþ a chol lollede As greet as a gos eye.
c
- c1390 Treat.Mass (Vrn)314 : So harde raced he þat Rolle, Þat he chopped his Cholle Aȝeyn þe Marbel-ston.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)1994 : Sunder strake he þe throte-boll, Þat fra þe body went þe choll.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)75/301 : He smot with his choule Aȝayns þe marbys stone.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)114 : One þe chefe of þe cholle [Dc: clolle], A tade pykit one hir polle.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)132 : Who þat myghte þat hedows see..How hir cholle chatirede..and hir chynne.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)396/12 : Socrates had ij wyfis..þai wex bothe wrothe with hym & callid hym bellud chule.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1225 PMor.(Eg 613(2))362 : Ne sceal ðer beo fah ne græi..ne martres cheole.
Note: New form: Also..(early) cheole.
Note: New collocation: martrines ~, fur pieced together from the light-colored throat fur of the marten.
Note: See martrin n., sense 2.(b) for the collocations martres chavel, ~ throtes, which have the same meaning as martrines cholle.
Note: ?Modify existing gloss to make a distinction between a human "cholle" and an animal "cholle." Depending on the context, "gullet" may apply to either. In sense (a), quot. c1400 provides an instance of an animal gullet, or more specifically, the front of an animal gullet between its mouth and lower extremities.
Note: Quot. originally under cheole n., which has been deprecated. 'Cheole' is apparently related to OF 'gole' (variants 'golle, goule,' etc.) which means 'throat'. See also AN 'gule,' which also bears the meanings 'throat' and (heraldry) 'the color red'. The latter is probably the source of the deprecated entry's gloss, "Fur dyed red."
Note: Addition: add to form section: Also..(error) clolle. This variant has already been added to the first c1440 quot. in sense (c).
Note: The list of variant spellings in the existing form section may be incomplete and / or may need revision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED.--all notes per MLL
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note:
Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. cholle.