Middle English Dictionary Entry
būgle n.(1)
Entry Info
| Forms | būgle n.(1) Also bugel, -il, -ul, bewgal, -ul, bygul, bogle, bogel. |
| Etymology | OF bugle buffalo, horn, bugle (from *būculus). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Wild ox, buffalo; esp., the water buffalo; ~ of Inde; also, aurochs; (b) ~ drit, ~ flesh, ~ milk; ~ stede, ox-stall.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)268a/a : Flokkes of rotheren and of bugles [L bubalos].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)273b/a : The Bugle hatte Bubalus, and þat noun Bubalus is dymynytyfe of bos, bouis..he is y liche to an oxe and is a fers beste and nought gladliche y tamed..In affrica beþ bugles, and in Germania beþ wild o[x]en wiþ so longe hornes þat þe kynges bord is y serued with drynke þer of, ffor he holdeþ so moche, as Isid. seiþ.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)5103 : A þousande bugles of Ynde And two þousande oxen.
- c1400 Daniel *Herbal (Arun 42)f.108r : Also if it [pervenca, periwinkle] be put to þe mowþ of a beste þat men calleþ a buble (some callyn it a bugle), anon it schal tobrestyn on two, and þis is expert of folk þat buþ now here þis days.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.621 : Olyfauntes and large vnicornes, Buglis, bolys, and many grete grifoun.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Deut.14.5 : This is the beest that ȝe owen to eete: oxe and sheep and she geet, hert, capret, bugle [WB(2): wielde oxe; L bubalum].
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)179/9 : [The griffin has] talouns so longe & so large..as þough þei weren hornes of grete oxen or of bugles or of kyȝn, so þat men maken cuppes of hem to drynken of.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)51 : Grete cartis with bugles..for to drawe hem.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)70.78 (v.2:p.42) : Thei .. putten a rope aboute his necke and drowen hym to and fro .. cruelly .. cryeng, 'Drawith the wilde oxe or the bugle to the place of bugles deen!'
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)178/23 : Cesar auguste..helde hym appayed of commyn brede and grete fleshis and chese of the bugle.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)758 : Hic bubalus: a bogelle.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.157 : The bugill, drawar by his hornis grete.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)273b/b : Bugle fleissh y soden or y rosted heleþ mannes bytynge..Bugle mylk helpeþ aȝens fretyng and gnawynge of þe guttes..Bugle drytte y hette heleþ harde postemes.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)136/34 : They..tyed hym by þe neke wyth a rope..cryyng..'Draw we þys bugull to þe bygullstete [vrr. bygulstede, buglestede; Legenda Aura (Graesse 1846: 267): trahamus bubalum ad loca bucculi].'
2.
The horn of an ox or buffalo used for a drinking vessel, drinking-horn; ~ horn.
Associated quotations
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.293 : Ȝif þe water of þat welle is itake in bugle horn [L cornu bubali] and i-helte vppon a stoon [etc.].
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.1253 : Ianus sit by the fyr..And drynketh of his bugle horn the wyn.
- ?a1400 Guy(1) (Sln 1044)625/52 : A mayde brouȝt hir biforen þe clare in þe bugle horn.
- c1500 Corneus (Ashm 61)22 : Kyng Arthour had a bugyll horn That euer more stod hym be-forn..Ther-off þat he myght drynke.
- c1500 Corneus (Ashm 61)146 : Go fyll my bugyll hastely And bryng it to my hond!
- c1500 Corneus (Ashm 61)157 : The bugull was brouȝht..Than seyd þe kyng..'Thys horne..Ther is no cokwold..Here-of to drynke.'
3.
A horn that is blown in battle or the hunt, bugle; ~ horn, horn of ~; ~ blast.
Associated quotations
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1154 : Whanne þe renkes were arayed..bugles & bemes men gun blowe fast.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)5273 : Tweye bugle-hornes and a bowe.
- a1425-a1500(?c1350) Libeaus (Kaluza)1099 : A kniȝt..Upon a bay destrere, His bugle he gan to blowe.
- 1448(1435) *Mandeville Brut (Arms 58:Kooper)f.322r : Þen men settyn on hure hedys chapelettes of prikyng netlys and two sqiers blewyn on hure eerys wiþ two gret hornys of bugle.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)228 : In þis brode bugyl a blast wanne I blowe, al þis werld schal..to my byddynge bende.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)656 : I herde a bogle one a bonke be blowen full lowde.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)58 : His huntes to chace he commaunde, Here Bugles boldely for to blowe.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)1276 : In the forest gan they fare..Wyth many a bugell-blaste.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)1092 : Ho socowrd hys hownde and slew the dere, Hys bewgalle blewe he tho.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Powell's note to Mirk example in sense 1.(d): "Draw...bygul-stede: 'let us drag this ox to the ox-stall', a pun on the location of Mark's martyrdom, Bucculi, cf. Legenda Aurea: trahamus bubalum ad loca bucculi (Graesse 1846: 267). "
Note: The observation about periwinkle in Daniel's example appears "in his translation of ps.-Albertus Magnus's De virtutibus herbarum"--M. T. Tavormina.