Middle English Dictionary Entry
brīd(e n.(1)
Entry Info
| Forms | brīd(e n.(1) Also brūde, ( bridde, bird). |
| Etymology | OE brȳd |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A young woman about to be married or just married, bride; also, a woman recently married, young wife; wife; (b) ~ bed, nuptial couch, marriage bed; (c) ~ clothes, festive wedding dress.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)164 : Þe king Latin ȝef Lauine, his douter, Eneam to are brude.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)294 : Þe cnaue wes iboren..þa brude deade iwearð.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14591 : Þenne hauest þu aboht þe luue of þire brude.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)24674 : Baldeliche he mitte þenne ȝirnen him brude.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)12/159 : I þet eadi lond, as brude ne nimeð gume ne brudgume brude.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)44b : Sein iuhan euaungeliste, nefde he brud ibroht ham? nefde he iþoht..meiðhad to forleosen?
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)1049 : Modi ihote hadde, To bure þat me hire ladde..Þe bride [vr. brude] wepeþ sore.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2131 : Hauelok lay on his lift side, In his armes his brithe bride.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)2462 : Þe wyf þat suche sones bar miȝte beo a goed brude.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1788 : This newe bryd..In armes sche beclipte hire lord.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1818 : The bryde was broght a bedde..And whan the bed was with the preest yblessed, Out of the chambre hath euery wight hym dressed.
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)85/18 : Þe fyue maydens were forclosed, for þat hij neren nouȝth redy aȝeines þe brides þat weren yspoused.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2672 : The bryd..To chaumbre is brought with revel and with song.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2858 : Als bouxom as birde es in bede to hir lorde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3104 : To grant vs oure modire, Oure bride, oure barnes, out of bande.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)2989 : Hys faders wyfe than wold he wedde..And so hyr brynge as byrd to bedde.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)691 : Hec domiduca: a bryde.
b
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)30a/b : Genealis: a bryde bed.
c
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apost.(Dub 245)440 : Ȝif we have þenne bryde cloþis, we shal for evere be dampned.
- a1500(a1400) Wycl.FHC (NC 95)351 : Þis vertu cloþis man at domus-day wiþ bridecloþis.
2.
A young woman, maiden [cp. birde maiden, etc.]; also, sweetheart.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25892 : Fæirest alre bruden [Otho: mayde]..aðelest kunnen, Howeles dohter.
- a1350 Weping haueþ (Hrl 2253)39 : Y nul nout teme of brudes bryht wiþ browes broune.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3699 : What do ye, honycomb, swete Alisoun, My faire bryd, me swete cynamome?
3.
Bridegroom.
Associated quotations
- c1390 Psalt.Mariae(2) (Vrn)139 : As a Brid out of his bour, Crist him-self out eode.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)50,470 : Bryde, infra in Spowse..Spowse, mann: Sponsus.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)18b : A Bryde: sponsa, sponsus.
- a1500 Dub.Word List (Dub 157)154 fn. : Domiducus: Anglice bryde.
4.
Theol. Of a virgin, of Christendom: spouse in mystical union; Cristes ~.
Associated quotations
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15337 : Crisstene follc Iss Cristess brid onn erþe.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)103/29 : Cum ðu Cristes awen bried [L sponsa Christi].
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)27/264 : Þe ilke liues lauerd wiste him unwemmet his brud, of þe bres.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)48/28 : Þe culure..seide hire..'Cum nu, for ich kepe þe, brud, to þi brudgume.'
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)6/42 : Godes spuse, ihesu cristes brude.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)769 : Why, maskellez bryd..Quat kyn þyng may be þat Lambe Þat þe wolde wedde vnto hys vyf?
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)33/124 : Salomon..mendiþ maners, techiþ kynde, ioyniþ crist & þe chirch: & þe swete bryde song singiþ of þe holy brydales.
Note: New collocation for sense 4.
Note: Gloss: ~ song, the Song of Songs, Song of Solomon.--per MLL