Middle English Dictionary Entry
worsted n.
Entry Info
Forms | worsted n. Also wor(e)stede, worsteid, worstet, worstid(e, worsested, worchestede, worset, wōrsted, wō̆rstead, wō̆sted, wursted(e, wurstet, wurthstede, werstede, wirsted, wirsset, wrtested(e, (early) worcested, wortested, worthested, wrstede & (in names) worthsted(d)e, word(e)stede, wurthstedde, wurthestede, wurdesteda, wurdesteða, wurhested, wirstede, wirthested, wirthstede, wrdesteda, wrdhestede, wrthstede, wrthested & (?errors) worst, wolstede, wulsted, wulstyde, (errors) worstrete, wonostede; pl. worstedes, etc. & worthstedes, ? worsted. |
Etymology | From LOE Wrðestede, Wrdesteda, Worstead in Norfolk; forms with wol- and wul- may be from confusion with or influence of ME wǒl n.(1). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. worth n.(2).
1.
(a) Woolen cloth of some kind used for making clothing, furnishings, etc., worsted; also, such cloth as a commodity; also, a certain quantity of worsted fabric [quot. 1428-9]; al ~, made entirely of worsted cloth, all worsted; rolled ~;
(b) a particular type of worsted cloth; also, a piece of worsted cloth;—usu. pl.; ~ fulled;
(c) in cpds., combs., and misc. phrases: ~ bed, a piece of worsted fabric; ?also, a bed with worsted trappings; ~ frenge lin-cloth, ?linen cloth embellished with worsted fringe; ~ goune, a garment of worsted cloth; ~ honginge, a tapestry made of worsted fabric; ~ honginge-bed, ?a bed with worsted tapestry accouterments; ~ lioure, a narrow strip of worsted cloth used for binding; ~ makere (wevere), a weaver of worsted cloth; ~ man, a seller of worsted cloth or textiles; ~ motle, worsted woven with yarn of various colors, parti-colored worsted; ~ quishin, a cushion or pillow covered with worsted fabric; ~ saie, a piece of worsted; ~ weveres, craft of ~ weveres, the guild of worsted weavers; bed of (lectus de) ~, a bed with a worsted bedspread or other accouterments; ?also, a bed manufactured in Worstead [quot. 1379]; hole ~ bed, a piece of worsted cloth which conforms to certain standard measurements; rolle ~, worsted cloth of a certain size or standard sold by the roll or bolt; double ~, heavy worsted cloth; sengle ~, worsted cloth of single thickness;
(d) in surnames and place name [see Smith PNElem. 2.274]; also in names of specific marketplace sites in Norwich.
Associated quotations
a
- (1286) Wardrobe Acc.de Clare in Archaeol.7031 : Pro factura et custura iij garminum de Worcested’ lineatorum cum Can’ de Tripl’, ii s. vj d.
- (1286) Wardrobe Acc.de Clare in Archaeol.7055 : Pro vno Panno de Worth’ [vr. Worthested] empto ad opus Mag. Monteri…continente xvj vlnas.
- (1293) Expense R.John of Brabant13 : Pro xj ulnis de wrstede ad caligas faciendas viij s. iiij d.
- (1301) Doc.in Rec.B.Northampton 1 ()59 : De quolibet panno de wurthstede qui vocatur coverlit valoris quadraginta solidorum vendito unum denarium.
- (1314) Doc.in Riley Mem.Lond.110 : [One piece of] worchestede [value 4 s.].
- (1328) RParl.()2.28a : Ses poueres Tistours & Overours des Draps de Wurthstede en le Counte de Norff’…solleyent faere lour Draps…par viii aunz.
- (1347-8) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100545 : In 2 pannis de Wirsted empt. pro usu Prioris, 20 s.
- (1380) Will York in Sur.Soc.4109 : Unum coverlit cum tapeto rubeo de worstid.
- (1383) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)4.128 : [4 pairs of curtains of] wrtestede.
- (1384-5) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.103594 : In tribus pannis de Worsested empt. pro d’no Priore, 33 s.
- (1396) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.115 : [8] tapitz [of] worstide…[another coverlet of white] worstede.
- (1397) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.169 : [13 tapets of red and white] worst [worth 26 s. 8 d.].
- (1400) Comp.R.in Frost Hullapp.24 : Pro j pec. de werstede, val. xv s.
- (1410) Will York in Sur.Soc.4545 : De xiij s. iiij d. de una toga de wyrsset, furrata.
- (1429) Acc.St.Michael Oxf.in OAST 7822 : For mending of ii qwere copis…v s…to the same copis for wosted, iii s.
- (1433) *Acc.Exch.K.R.12 Hen.VI [AALT]E159/210 (img 0351) : Richardus Mayne .. invenit unum coopertorium de worstede simplici rubei coloris pro lecto cum tribus curtinis de eadem secta.
- (1436) in Rec.B.Nottingham 2152 : Robertus…unum cowle de nigro wolstede [?read: worstede] de praedicto Johanne Dyghton emit.
- (1439-41) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)260 : For costes of ij Getons of Wosted wt Groseris Armes.
- (1442) Rec.Norwich 2151 : Þat every pece of wursted be suyng þurghoute þe clothe of true makyng…and þat þei holde þe length and brede as þassise hath been of old tyme truly acustumed.
- (1442-3) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.99185 : In 1 panno nigro de worestede pro noviciis, 8 s. 6 d.
- (1452) Will York in Sur.Soc.45128 : Dicto Edmundo Wartir, j lectum…cum curtinis de rubio woorsted.
- (1463) Will Bury in Camd.4923 : I wille she haue…iiij of the olde grene kusshownes…withe the costerys [of] old grene wonostede [read: worstede], withe the grene testir and grene keverying therto.
- (1465) Paston1.140 : I pray yow ye woll send me…ij elne of worsted for doblettes, to happe me this cold wynter and that ye inquere where William Paston bought his tepet of fyne worsted whech is almost like silk…for I wold make my doblet all worsted for worship of Norffolk.
- (1466) in Cox Churches Derb.4.86 : A blak cope of wulsted [?read: wursted] with braunches of golde opon hytt.
- (1466) in Cox Churches Derb.4.86 : Item, to the hye altar belongeth…ij frontels, one of velvette, Anoyther off wulstyde [?read: wurstyde].
- (1467-8) RParl.5.620a : Every pece of Worstede…hold the lengh and brede, as the syse was wont to be of old tyme…that is to witte…rolled Worsted xxx yerds longe and di. yerde brode.
- 1618(1440) Invent.Cumberworth in Peacock EChurch Furniture182 : A vestment of read Woosted…that a priest nedes to sing in for Martyrs.
- (1459) Invent.Fastolf(2) in Archaeol.21256 : Item, j pece of Grene Wurstet, xxx yards longe.
- (1459) Invent.Fastolf(2) in Archaeol.21259 : Item, j Hallyng of blewe worstet contayning in lenthe xiij yerds and in bredthe iiij yerds.
b
- (1314-15) RParl.1.292b : Draps que homme appele Worthstedes & Aylehames.
- (1348) RParl.2.204b : Concesserimus…Roberto de Poleye Officium assaie Ulnagii de Worstedes in Civitate Norwici & alibi in Comitatu Norff’.
- (1376) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10) ()7.118 : Ordinaverimus quod Stapula nostra, Lanarum…Stanni & Pannorum vocatorum Worstedes…Extra Regnum Angliae…educendorum.
- (1392) in Gras Eng.Cust.Syst.547 : De Thoma Daffron’…pro…v worsted’ fullet.
- (1393) Pat.R.Rich.II ()226 : [Licence for the king’s lieges, merchants, and workers of cloths called] worstedes [in Norfolk and Suffolk to export].
- (1397) in Gras Eng.Cust.Syst.445 : De Thoma Waterden’…pro ix worsted’ in eodem fardello, cust. ix d…De Thoma Ploket…pro i worsted’ in eodem fardello, cust. i d.
- ?c1400 PPl.Z (Bod 851)5.100 : Couetyse…swor…that synne scholde he lete, Ant nere wolle to wey ne worstedes make.
- (1410) RParl.3.637b : Les Worstedes…de trois assizes…doit contenir en longure xiiii aln’.
- (1442) Rec.Norwich 2150 : Þere been…in the Counte of Norfolk diuerse persones þat maken untrewe ware of all maner of wurstedes not beyng of þassises in lengthe and breed.
- (1442) Rec.Norwich 2151 : Þat þere be put in noon of thoo worsted [RParl. 5.61a: Worstedes] eny lamb woll nor pell woll, and þat þe wardeins of þe seyd craft…haue…auctorite to sease all suche clothes and stuff so found defectif.
- (1463) Let.Bk.Lond.L (Gldh LetBk L)36 : [It was ordained…that lead, nails, and cloth called] worstedes […should thenceforth be housed and sold at the] Ledenhall.
- (1471) Paston1.440 (2nd occurrence) : I herde yister-daye þat a worsted man off Norffolk þat solde worstedys at Wynchester seyde þat my lord…and my lady were on pylgrymage.
- (1483-4) Statutes Realm2.489 : Provided…that this Acte…extende not…to eny Clothes…called Vessees, Cogware, or Worstedes.
c
- (1371) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.99130 : ij lecti cum boterflies debilis…j lectus de worset cum aquilis et capitibus leopard.
- (1379) Will Court Hust.(Gldh)2.207 : [A bed of] Norfolk [and a bed of] Wurstede [dyed and worked with figures].
- (1383) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)4.128 : [4 beds of] wrtested.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.262 : He was lyk a maister or a pope; Of double worstede was his semycope.
- (1392) in Gras Eng.Cust.Syst.547 : De Thoma Daffron…pro…x worsted’ says.
- (1393) Pat.R.Rich.II ()226 : Boltos sengleworstedes [made or to be made in those counties].
- (1393-4) Statutes Realm2.88 : Item, qe les Marchantz & overours de draps appellez sengle Worstede purront amesner boltes de sengle Worstede as queux parties que lour plerra…Purveuz…que desoutz colour des ditz boltes de Sengle Worstede ils namesnent ascuns doubles Worstedes.
- (1396) Will York in Sur.Soc.4208 : Lego Feliciae sorori meae…unum lectum de worstrete [read: worstete] rubeum cum…iij curtinis tapetis.
- (a1400) in Gras Eng.Cust.Syst.215 : De qualibet duodena de double worstede ven. viii d…de sengle worstede ven. iiii d.
- (1406-7) Rec.Norwich 254 : [For a piece of] worsted motlee [given to a messenger…17 s.].
- (1410) RParl.3.637b : Les Worstedes appellez Worsted-beddes…doit contenir en longure xiiii aln…lesquels sount appellez an Hole-worstedbed.
- (1411) Close R.Hen.IV212 : John Stowe, worstedmaker.
- (1411) EEWills19/2 : Y be-queythe to Robert, myn heldest son, a reed bedde of worsteyd…with a canvase, a materas, a pare of Blankettes.
- (1414) Will York in Sur.Soc.4375 : Lego…ij worsted beddes…unum rubeum et alterum embroded cum j papejoy, cum celuris.
- (1415) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)46 : Y wul…þat Elizabeth my wief have…iiij costers…longyng to þe same bedde of wurstede reed and white and grene paled with þe hole siel of þe myddel assise.
- (1418) EEWills34/22 : I bequethe…to Iohn Lemman…my worstede Goune, [etc.].
- (1425) *Indent.Elyngham (Add Charter 62408) : Robt schall deliuer to the forsayd Thomas…a secunde bede of rede wurstede wyth a teyster, ij blankettys…and amatras.
- (1429) Will Braybroke in Ess.AST 5304 : I yeue to ye saide Elizabeth…my reed bedde of silke enbrowded…and vj costeris and vj kusshynes, of rede sengle worstede.
- (1439-41) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)260 : In wosted Frenge lyne cloth for the hosis and for the Werkmanship, xxxviij s. xj d.
- (1442) Rec.Norwich 2151 : Þat every pece of…clothe of true makyng…holde þe length and brede as þassise hath been of old tyme…That is…rolle worsted xxx yardes long.
- (1442) RParl.5.60b : Please it your noble grace…that men of the craft of Worsted Wevers…have power every yere…to chese iiii Wardeyns withyn the seid Citee.
- (1444) Will Daubeney in Som.RS 19341 : Y wol she have a wurstede hangyng and bed [Sur.Soc.30 112: a worsted hanging bed] of blak bokeram.
- (c1449) Rec.Norwich 2230 : [The procession on the feast of Corpus Christi to the Chapel…in the following order]…Taillours, Raffmen, Worsteadwellers, Dyers.
- (1450) Lin.DDoc.41/15 : I wol that the Red wosted qwisshens abyde stille in the same Chaumbir.
- (1452) Will York in Sur.Soc.45128 : Magistro Johanni Pakenham, lectum meum de blodio woorstead, majoris assisæ cum curtinis.
- (c1457) Rec.Norwich 1412 : John Chapman, worstedwever.
- (1471) Paston1.440 : A worsted man off Norffolk…solde worstedys at Wynchester.
- (1490) Rec.Norwich 2 ()103 : [Every person who…shall weave those merchantable things called] worstedlyours [shall not work at weaving the same unless he makes them double in length].
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)228 : His cope þat biclypped him wel clene was it folden, Of double worstede y-dyȝt doun to þe hele.
d
- (c1150) in Ekwall Dict.EPN510 : Wrdesteda, Wrthested.
- (1169) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()204 : Wurdesteda.
- (1169) in Ekwall Dict.EPN ()510 : Wurdesteða.
- (1232) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()204 : Wordestede.
- (1234) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()204 : Wurhested.
- (1255) in Ewen Surnames Brit.()391 : Rob. de Wurthestede.
- (1256) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()204 : Wrthstede.
- (1258) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()204 : Wordstede.
- (1273) Surnames in Bardsley D.()829 : Eustace de Wurstede.
- (1295) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()205 : Wirthstede.
- (c1300) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()204 : Wrdhestede.
- (1304) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()205 : Wirthested.
- (1306) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()205 : Wirstede.
- (1310) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()204 : Wurthstedde.
- (1311) EPNSoc.72 (Nrf.) ()205 : Worthstedde.
- (1330) Rec.Norwich 223 : Johannes Cusin…de licencia domini Edwardi…recognouit se…duas schopas…quarum schopparum, una jacet in foro, viz. in le Worthstederowe.
- (1359) Will Carlisle in Cum.West.AS 9 ()33 : Simon de Worsted, mercer, xxvi s.
- (1368) Rec.Norwich 2 ()228 : Alia venella vocata le Lyndraperierowe iacet inter…soldas del Draperierowe…et diuersas soldas de Worstederowe et Spicerisrowe.
- (1382-3) Surnames in Bardsley D.()829 : Simon Worsted.
- (1410) RParl.3.637b : Un lieu appelle le Worstede-Selde deins la dite Citee [Norwich].
- (1430) EPNSoc.61 (Nrf.) ()67 : Le Wurstedecelde.
- (1440) Rec.Norwich 2 ()90 : [All cloths of Worsted…shall not be sold nor bought in any place…except only in a certain hospice…called the] Worsted Selde.
- (?a1500) Paston1.639 : Here is lately fallyn a wydow in Woorstede…worth…x li. be ȝere in land.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (1286) Wardrobe Acc.de Clare in Archaeol.70 ()36 : Triple Wortested'..ad Robam.
Note: New phrase: This belongs to sense (c). Gloss: triple ~, ?extra thick worsted cloth; ?worsted cloth of a certain measure
Note: In sense 1.(c), modify the gloss for the compound double ~: ?heavy worsted cloth; ?worsted cloth 45 inches wide. Likewise, modify the gloss for sengle ~: ?worsted cloth of single thickness; ?worsted cloth one-half yard wide.--notes per MLL