As indef. pron. referring to a person, usu. in comb. with an indef. adj.: (a) as direct obj. or obj. of prep.: anyone; ani (everi, som other) ~, anyone, someone, everyone; (b) as subj.: ani ~, anyone.

As interrog. pron. usu. in direct questions, referring to a person or a god: (a) as direct obj. or subj. of inf.: what person or persons?, whom?; also, as indirect obj.: to whom?; also, in rhetorical questions: ~…but, whom else but (sb., a god)?; (b) as direct obj. in partitive constructions: ~ of, which one of (two or a group)?; (c) as obj. of prep.: what person or persons?, whom?; also in truncated construction [quot. c1330] and with postposed prep. [last quot., 2nd occurrence]; also in rhetorical question with but [quot. a1450].

As interrog. pron. referring to a part of the body, an abstraction, etc.: as indirect obj. in rhetorical question: ~…but: to or on what…but (sth.)?; also, as obj. of prep. in direct questions: of (with) ~, of (with) what?; to ~, to what end, why?

As rel. pron. used for an animate, usu. human, antecedent (sg. or pl.), introducing adj. clauses: (a) as direct obj. or subj. of inf.: whom; also, as indirect obj. or in dat. constructions: to whom; ~ that; the ~; (b) as direct obj., used with indefinite or generalizing force in comb. with a noun or pron.: ech man (on swich, he, him) ~, anyone (such a one, the one) whom, whomever; (c) as subj. in garbled version of conventional epistolary formula, with antecedent in the genitive: who.

As rel. pron. used for an animate, usu. human, antecedent (sg. or pl.), introducing adj. clauses;—as obj. of prep.: (a) with prep. immediately preceding pron.: whom; also with antecedent in the genitive [quot. c1395]; ~ that; (b) with postposed prep., freq. in final position in a clause: whom; also with pleonastic prep. [1st & last quots.]; (c) in genitive constructions: of ~, of whom, whose; also, in partitive construction: of ~ som, some of whom [quot. a1425];(d) with ambiguous antecedent, used with a verb of speaking chiefly in narration: to ~, ?in response to which action or statement ascribed to someone, in response to which; ?to whom [may belong to sense 4b.]; (e) with indefinite or generalizing force in comb. with a noun or pron.: ech man (him, som, etc.) to ~, him til ~, to the one whom, to those whom, to whomever; hem of ~, over whomever; also, with postposed prep.: hem ~…bi, those about whom.

As rel. pron. used for an inanimate antecedent (sg. or pl.), introducing adj. clauses, usu. nonrestrictive, as direct obj.: which; also, in restrictive clauses: that.

As rel. pron. used for an inanimate antecedent, introducing adj. clauses, usu. nonrestrictive;—as obj. of prep.: (a) with prep. immediately preceding pron.: which; ~ that; the ~; (b) in genitive constructions: of ~, of which, whose; (c) in partitive constructions: of ~…non, none of which; of ~ two, two of which.

As an independent relative referring to a person or persons and used as obj. of various kinds, introducing noun clauses or inf. phrases: (a) functioning usu. as direct obj. of a verb, verb phrase, or inf. of perception, intellection, communication, etc. in main clause, with rel. pron. as direct obj. or obj. of prep. in its own clause: whom;—sometimes in truncated and serial constructions; also with postposed prep. [quot. c1450]; also, with rel. pron. as indirect obj.: to whom [quot. c1275]; ~ that; (b) functioning as direct obj. of a verb of inquiry and serving as an indirect question, with rel. pron. usu. as direct obj. or obj. of prep. in its own clause: whom; also in truncated construction [quot. 1473].

As an independent relative referring to a place, an abstraction, etc. and used as obj. of prep., introducing noun clauses functioning as direct obj. in main clause: for ~, for what reason, why; of ~, whence; to ~, to what place.

As an independent relative with indefinite or generalizing force referring to a person or persons and usu. used as obj. of various kinds, introducing noun clauses: (a) functioning as subj. or pred. nom. in main clause, with rel. pron. as direct obj. in its own clause: the one whom, he whom, anyone whom, all whom, whomever; also in truncated construction [quot. c1384]; also, with rel. pron. as obj. of prep.: to ~, all those to whom; (b) functioning as direct obj. in main clause, with rel. pron. as direct obj. in its own clause: the one whom, those whom; anyone whom, all those whom, whomever; also in truncated construction [quot. c1450(c1400)]; also, the one who, him who [last quot.]; (c) functioning as an appositive to a pron. used as subj. or as obj. of various kinds in the main or an adjacent clause, with rel. pron. used as direct obj. or obj. of prep. in its own clause: him whom, those whom; anyone whom, whomever; also, with rel. pron. as indirect obj. in its own clause: to whomever [1st quot.]; ~ that; also, in mixed constructions: bi ~ that…bi him, by the one (i.e., God) by whom (sth. is made)…by him (is sth. else made); the herte of ~, anyone whose heart, as for those whose hearts; (d) functioning as obj. of prep. in main or subordinate clause, with rel. pron. as direct obj. or obj. of prep. in its own clause: the one whom, those whom; any whom, whomever; also, the one who, whoever [quot. c1430]; those who [1st quot.]; ~ that ever, whoever.

As an independent relative with indefinite or generalizing force referring to a wound or sore and used as obj. of prep., introducing a noun clause functioning as a pred. nom.: that one in which, whichever one in which.

As an indepedent relative with indefinite or generalizing force referring to a person or persons and used as direct obj., introducing adv. clauses with conditional or concessive force: no matter whom, regardless of whom, whomever.