Middle English Dictionary Entry
welcǒmen v.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | welcǒmen v.(1) Also welcom(e, welcomie(n, welcommen, welkome, welcum, welkum, wolcome, wolcomin, wolkome & (early) wilcumiȝen, (SWM) wolcumen, wulcumen; p. welcomed(e, etc. & welcomet, welcomode, wellecomed, wilcomede, (N) welcumd, (early SWM) wilcumede & welcom, wolcome; ppl. welcomed, etc. & (N) welcomd, welkumd. |
Etymology | OE wilcumian, wylcumian, LOE wellcumian, with 1st element assimilated to ME wel adv.; also cp. ME welcǒm(e adj. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To speak words of greeting, welcome, etc. to (sb.), hail, greet; acknowledge the arrival of (sb.) with words of greeting; also, invite the presence of (the Holy Spirit) with a hymn; ~ with word (wordes, etc.);
(b) to receive (sb.) with reverence and a show of gladness, make welcome; receive (sb.) with hospitality, entertain (a visitor); also, behave affectionately toward (a pillow) [quot. a1375, 1st]; ~ faire; best welcomed, ?most welcome;
(c) with adv. prep. phrases of manner: ~ in the most feithfulest (most best and godli) wise, ~ with gret honour (nobleie), etc., to receive or welcome (sb.) nobly, munificently, or becomingly; ~ with (gret) joie, ~ with fair (glad) chere, ~ with fair semblaunt, etc., receive or welcome (sb.) gladly, enthusiastically, or hospitably;
(d) to present (Christ with good works) in welcome;
(e) to celebrate the advent of (Christ); celebrate the coming of (spring);
(f) to accept gladly (a course of life); also, of an inanimate thing: appeal to (sb.), attract;
(g) with locational phrases: ~ hom, to express gladness at the return of (sb.) home; ?also, gladden (sb.), make merry with [quot. c1390]; ~ in-to (to), welcome (a visitor) into (a city, country, etc.); also, celebrate the presence of (Christ) in (a church) [last quot., 1st occurrence].
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)147/18 : Þæt folc…wylcumiȝeð Fenix: Hal beo þu Fenix! fugele fæȝerest!
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8440 : Þe king his folc grætte mid fæire his worden; he wilcumede eorles, he wilcumede beornes.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)515 : Þe king welcomede seint Thomas, ake he ne made him nouȝt fair chere.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (LdMisc 108)706 : He wel-comede [Corp-C: wolcomede; Ashm: wilcomede; Hrl:Wright: wolcome] euerech bi is name and custe heom ech-on.
- c1300 SLeg.Patr.(LdMisc 108)517 : Þe on…is Mouth ondude wel softe And welcomede him wel mildeliche.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1429 : Þe king welcomed þat child Wiþ fair wordes and wiþ mild.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.205 : If þow canst synge, Welcome hym & worshipe hym with veni creator spiritus.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)2957 : ‘Ful ille hail er ȝe cumen heder’; Þus war þai welkumd at þe ȝate.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2411 : Ane old man sal þe ȝates ȝeme…For to welcum with wordes fre Euyr-ilk man in þer degre.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)12812 : Abowt was mony bold ebrew to welcom þem…with…vpbraydynges…and skornyng wordes.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13360 : He rayse and went duke Iew agayn to welcom hym with word and wyll.
- a1500(?c1450) Florence (Cmb Ff.2.38)1762 : The burges wyfe welcomed hur ofte Wyth mylde wordys and wyth softe.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8533 : Þe king…ut him gon ride…to wulcumen Mærlin.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (LdMisc 108)388 : Þe foul…welcomede heom faire ynouȝ.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1396 : Laban cam to ðat welle ner; Faiger welcumede he ðer eliezer.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)70/1398 : Ariseþ vp…And wolcomeþ ȝour kende lord.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)673 : He…clipte to him a pulwere…and welcomes hir worþli.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1264 : Wanne þemperour seiȝh William come…William þanne to welkome he wendes him aȝeynes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4015 : He welcumd [Göt: welcumed] iacob selli fair, He wist he was his fader air.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.21 : Eche a creature of his courte welcometh [C: wolcomeþ] me fayre.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)4176 : We haue noght al ful plente, To welkum swilk a lord als he.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.849 : Criseyde…Welcomed [vr. welcom] hym and down hym by hire sette.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)117/15 : Þe Abbot…wyth many of hys breþyr, cam for [to] wolcomyn hir.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)16.89 : The king…seide that he was the beste welcomed Man [F bien fust-il venus] Thanne Evere was Oni prophete.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)394/16 : He was wele welcomd.
- c1450 PPl.B (RwlPoet 38)13.437 : Clerkes and kniȝtes welcometh [vr. wolkome] kynges ministrales.
- ?c1450 Brut-1447 (Trin-C O.9.1)461/28 : Moche peple of Kent and Sussex…welcomed the Kyng, and brought hym to Caunterbury.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)394/21 : She welcommed hym fayre, and eyther halsed other in armys.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)84 : He wellecomed hym as þe hende.
- a1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306:Everett)73 : Ther was sent sertayne aldermen and comynes for to well come them.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7912 : Achilles…Welcomyt þat worthy [Hector], as a whe noble.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13340 : He…welcomet hym faire, Mykell cherissht the choise kyng with a chere noble.
c
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)49/75 : O schrewe…wel-comede him with fair semblaunt.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)696 : Þat folk…welcomeden [Hrl: wolcome; Corp-C: wolcomede] him…with Ioye and blisse i-nouȝ.
- c1300 SLeg.John (LdMisc 108)89 : Men and wimmen of þe toun…a-ȝein him drowe To wel-comien [Corp-C: welcomye] him with grete Ioye.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)424 : He hem welcomed wiþ glad chere [vr. fayr cher].
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3110 : King and baroun…Welcomed hem wiþ gret noblay.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3524 : King Ban wiþ noble cher Welcomed þo messanger.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.409 : He welcometh [vrr. welcommeþ; resceyueth] hire with alle ioye and blis.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)63/774 : His ffader welcomeþ [vr. welcomode] him with grete honour.
- (1448) Shillingford48 : The Mayer wt…grete parte of the Comminalte…well comed hym yn the most best and godely wyse that they cowde.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)21/28 : They welcommed them in the most faythfullyst wyse.
d
- a1400 ME Verse in Anglia 92p.61 : We mowen wen he comeþ wyþ worþi work hem welcomin.
e
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.8 : At that blissful tyme Quen hali kirc welcumes hime Wil I bigin to mak my spelle.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3934 : Nyȝtyngales…Ful amorously welcomed in hir song Þe lusty sesoun.
- a1500 15c.Serm.Cycle(Hrl 2247:Powell)57/209 : Syth þat þis…lord…haþ…schewed vs þe ways of vertu…in hys blessyd commyng, late vs as hys feythfull foloers welcome þat blessyd lord in clennes of lyfe.
f
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)440 : Þe lilie mid hire faire wlite Wolcumeþ me.
- a1500 15c.Serm.Cycle(Hrl 2247:Powell)58/216 : Stire vp oure hertes by þi good grace to welcum…þi holy and vertuous wayes.
g
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5465 : He…wilcumede hine to londe.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)4541 : Heo ne hiede noȝt aȝen hire louerd to welcome [vr. wolcome] him to londe.
- c1390 Chart.Abbey HG (Vrn)361 : Crist…asked drynke, to make þe sustren murie wiþ, and to welcomen hem hom.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3373 : Medea…Welcomede him into that lond, And softe tok him be the hond.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15060 : Þe receiues þin aun folk, And welcums þe hame .
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)11007 : Ladyes kyste þer lordes swete…Sones welcomed þer fadres home & made al murthe for þer come.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.224 : His doutyr…cam…daunsynge, pleyynge and syngynge aȝenys hyr fadyr for to wolcomyn hym hom.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)115/20-21 : We worschip þis day þe cros yn our procescyon…welcomyng hym wyth songe into þe chirch, as þay welcomet hym sy[ngy]ng into þe cyte of Ierusalem.