Middle English Dictionary Entry
warnishen v.
Entry Info
Forms | warnishen v. Also warnish(e, warnis(e, warenis; p. warnished, warnisht, warnist(e, werniste, (error) wamssed; ppl. warnished, warnish(i)t, warniched, warnised, warnisit, i)warnist, warniste, wernist, (error) warnis. |
Etymology | From OF warniss-, extended stem of warnir, chiefly AF/ONF var. of OF garnir, guarnir. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. garnishen v. & (for sense 2.) warnen v.
1.
(a) To furnish (a city, castle, etc.) with supplies of foodstuffs or with men, provision, garrison; also, man (boats); equip (a house) for defense, fortify, make secure;
(b) in Biblical usage: ppl. warnished, of a city, house, place, etc.: fortified, impregnable; secure, safe;—also interpreted as of God, the world, heaven, or hell; of a covenant: irrevocable;
(c) fig. to strengthen or edify (the church with virtues and learning); reinforce (charity with other virtues);
(d) to furnish (soldiers) with the necessary horses, arms, etc., fit out; equip (sb. with armor); also in fig. context, used without obj. [quot. a1450]; furnish (sb., oneself) with the soldiers, munitions, etc. necessary for defense;
(e) to protect or save (sb.) [cp. warishen v. 3.(b)].
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4732 : King Arthour Hadde ywarnist toun and tour.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)6605 : Euerich cite…Castels, tours…He dede warnise wiþ store.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.248 : Sir Edward…wamssed [read: warnissed] þe castelle.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.293 : His vitaile he has purueid in Brigges forto be…& warnised þat cite.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)20407 : Hied he To þar naui…He werniste [L muniuit] þam with knightes gude, To warn þam þe naui on flude.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)20817 : A gaines arthur…Alle þe cites of þar kyngdum Þai warniste, him to againe stande.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)1025 : Brutus was til his castles gon…warnysched hem wiþ men of armes, ffor he dredde deseite & harmes.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)7911 : Gloucestre…he warnyscht…Þat þey ne dredde no Saxoun.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)9334 : Two casteles…he warnisched wyþ vitaille.
- c1460 Chaucer CT.Mel.(SeldArch B.14)B.2521 : Warnysshe [Heng: Youre wise conseilours conseiled yow to warnestore youre hous with gret diligence].
b
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)59.10 : Who shal lade me in-to a cite warnist [vr. ywarnyd; L munitam]?
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 23.5 : Not so myche is my hous anentys god þat euerlastyng couenaunt he schulde gon in with me, stable in alle thyngis & warnyscht [vr. warnysshit; WB(2): maad strong]?
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)4 Kings 12.12 : Þei…þe monee…ȝeeuyn…in carpenteris &…masownys…so þat þe enstorynge of þe hous of þe lord were fulfild…to þe hous to ben warnyscht.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)30.27 : Blissid lord, for he selkouthid his mercy til me: in cyte warnyst…that is, in this warld that is armed agayns god in witt of fleysse, [etc.].
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)70.3 : ‘Be til me…in stede warnyst that thou make me safe’…god…is stede warnyscht til vs when we makis…sikere oure saules in his luf.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)107.11 : ‘Wha sall lede me in til cite warnyst’…Cite warnyst he callis hell, that nane myght opyn.
- c1590(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64(2))59.10 : ‘Wha sal lede me in til cyte warnist?’…This cite warnist he calles heven.
c
- a1425(c1340) Rolle Psalter (LdMisc 286)103.3 : The charite of holy men…is warnyst…with other giftis of the holygost, that nothing may ouercum thaim.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)58.7 : Thai sall warenyss halykirke with lare and vertus.
d
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1083 : He…het hem alle hiȝe þider…wel warniched for þe werre wiþ clene hors and armes.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)24788 : He…warnist him on mani wise, He gedrid souders here and þare To strenth his castelis eueray quar.
- a1450 12 PTrib.(3) (Bod 423)74/11 : Wondre the not yf he wil mynge him to the by the discipline of tribulacions and also warnysshe [F guarnir] ayenst the gret court of foryetyng.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)76 : She brouhte myn armure…And it was gret neede, For…j hadde be ded sum time if j ne hadde be warnished of armure.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)72/78 : Holdest thou him mighty that hath many men armed and many servauntes…and thus warnisshed mot he be, and of warnisshe the hour drede.
e
- c1455 Chaucer CT.Pard.(HatDon 1)C.906 : Gode men, god for geue your trespas And kepe yow fro þe syn of Auarice; Min holi pardon may yow al warnyssh [Heng: warisse].
2.
(a) To urge (sb. to do sth.), exhort; turn (sb.) from a course of action, esp. by consideration of its consequences; also, give (sb.) a command or directive [2nd quot.];
(b) ?to inform (sb.) in advance (about sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15611 : Godmen, i warnis [Frf: warne] yow to thine al of his care.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19897 : Saint petre…was warnist [Frf: warned; Phys-E: warniste]…‘Peter…Rise, ga wit þam, ha þou na dred.’
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21884 : Ai þe ma takens we se, Ai þe warr warnist [Phys-E: warnisit] ar we.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21929 : If ani warnist be vm-quil [Frf: if sum man repent a-quile], It sal him last ful littel quil.
b
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21674 : Vr lauerd gaf moises a wand…þat wel bi-takend þat cipres; þar-of was wernist [Frf: warnis; Phys-E: warnid] moyses.