Middle English Dictionary Entry
vexen v.
Entry Info
Forms | vexen v. Also vex(e, wex(e; p. vexed, etc. & vexit, vexude; ppl. vexed(e, etc. & vexit, vexiid, vixid, (SW) fexst. |
Etymology | OF vexer, ONF wexer & L vexāre. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. avexen v.
1.
(a) To afflict (sb. or sth.) physically; ben vexed, be afflicted (by sickness, frost, the pangs of love, etc.); also, of the spirit: be agitated or disturbed (by sth.); ppl. vexede, of someone’s injury: ?aggravated [last quot.];
(b) to subject (the body, flesh) to physical pain, torment; also, upset (the stomach);
(c) to subject (sb., a group of people, a land) to violence; harass (sb., an army) through military action;
(d) ppl. vexede as adj., of a plant’s roots: ?twisted, deformed; ?damaged.
Associated quotations
a
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1966 : Þus with colde and with sodein hete Was Medea…vexed and trauailed.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)11.39 : So holpen is the vyne of winter rayn…That is not wont of frostis vexid be.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)34/9 : Pymalion…was vexid with wois of loue, ful of clamoures and pitous sighynges.
- c1450 Metham Days Moon (Gar 141)155/2 : He that fallyth in-to sekenes schuld longe be vexyid ther-with.
- c1453(c1437) Brut-1436 (Hrl 53)563/28 : A sore and a fervent malady…fro day to day hym vexit til he deyed.
- a1475 Gilb.Angl.(Wel 537)209/6 : Alle þes men þat ben vexid with wormes han more eese when þei ben ful þan fasting.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)4.243 : Neapolis was vexede with a dedely pestilence.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)151/22 : Þe myd-day mele receuyuth þe hete of þe day, and þan þe wytte of a man is in laboryng, in ymaginyng, and in speche, and þe spyrite is vexid [Ashmole: wexed] bothe be heryng and be speche.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)134 : We sie theym sette and put in so ful shame, and their Iniurie vexed…whiche thyng wrang and troubled me in double wise.
b
- a1450 St.Etheldr.(Fst B.3)315 : With gret knottus of here hurre fleysshe was fexst.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)55/19 : Who so euer taketh mete habondantly without nede of his body…the plente of coold humours…vndefieth the mete, So is the stomak wexed.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)111/80 : Þe seid ii develys…in þis wyse feryd, troubuld, vexid my seid body lyinge þat tyme specheles.
c
- (1447) Let.Bekynton in RS 56.2340 : They beten also and vexen the pour people…that in places wher they ben ther dar noon of theym come for fere of losyng of their lyues.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)47 : Fiue moner of pepull here dwellyd þo, To wex þe Bretones for hurre synne.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)22/30 : Þe Scottis & þe Pyctis longe tyme trowbylyd þis londe & vexid hit.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)3.239 : Kynge Xerses and his hoste vexede soore by iijc men of Lacedemonia, seide hym selfe to be deceyvede in that he hade mony men and fewe discrete in batelles.
- a1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306)60 : The Duches of Holond…longe tyme was besegid and vexid by the Duke of Burgoyne.
d
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.181 : The scabby branches & the vexid [vr. wexed; L vexatas] rootes To cutte avay…bote is.
2.
(a) To put (sb.) to labor or trouble, tire;—also refl.; ppl. vexede, tired;
(b) to bother (sb.), annoy; subject (sb.) to hardship;
(c) law to harass (sb., a church) through legal action; bring a legal suit concerning (someone’s property or title).
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)118/4 : Whi wiltow so myche laboure & vexe þisilf?
- a1450 St.Kath.(3) (Richardson 44)33 : Hyt had lytil neded to vexe so many wyse men by cause of oon mayden.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)11574 : Thys cherl…may to the no thyng avaylle, But vexyn the wyth gret travaylle.
- a1500 GRom.(Add 9066)298 : The maiden wexe slepie, and sore vexed, and fille on slepe.
b
- (c1419) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.xvi : We wol…that ye make suche an ende in this matiere, yt we be no more vexed hereafter with thaire complaints.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)27/13 : Þe wickid man…wiþ hatrede & displesaunce to hise neiȝboris…vexeþ hem greuously.
- (1435) RParl.4.491a : Dwellers and Communers of the said Shire…been vexed and charged all the yere over…so that they have no rest, nor no tyme to do here husbondrye and labour, [etc.].
- (1445) LRed Bk.Bristol2.186 : Maryners…dayly beyng in ther viages ben sore vexed, trobled and deseased and distried.
c
- (c1435) Contract in OSSLH 4185 : On Tristram…vexit your said beseker with divers writtes…and putte him to grete vexacion an coste.
- (1449) Will York in Sur.Soc.30155 : I beseche…that…noon of theym sue, vexe, ne perturbe the title…of William Dedik…for the maner of Wildethorpe.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)24/27 : Alle þo arn acursed, þat vexin in lay court, wyth grete expunsys in pletyng & in trauayle, men of holy cherch.
- (1459) Paston2.181 : Laurens Donne…shall nevyr clayme, vex, ne trouble the seyd londe.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)3653 : Hanybald shall…wexe ȝewe no more, but let ȝew go in pese.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.10/3 : I charge the þat…þou…suffer not…þe forsaide church…with vnryȝghtfull customs to be vexid.
- (1471) Deed Yks.in YASRS 765 : We beseke all our gude lords…to supporte and socour our tenaunt…if…the sayd Wylliam or any oder wolde wex or troble hym in this cause.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)136/32 : Þei were wrongfulli I-called & vexid bi lawe…þe vicari…vexid hem for þe fore-seide tithis.
- a1500 Proc.Chanc.in Archaeol.ser.2.610 : Robert Gybson…hath…causid your seid besecher to be arestid, imprisonyd, and sore vexit.
- c1500(a1449) Lydg.Aesop (Trin-C R.3.19)291 : Þou dost ayene me malygne To vex me wrongfully yef þou haddyst myght; The lawe shall part vs, whyche of vs haþ ryght.
3.
(a) To afflict or torment (sb.) in mind; ppl. vexede, ?troubled in mind;
(b) to upset (sb.), anger; refl. become angry [1st quot.]; ppl. vexede, upset, angry;
(c) of an evil spirit or a devil: to possess (sb.), afflict; also fig. [quot. a1450]; also, haunt (a place).
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)310/18 : Þat feend þerfore vexeþ hym þanne of mysbileeue for to brynge hym to dispeir.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)97/23 : Leve not of þough þou be vexid in such temptacioun.
- c1475 WBk.Phil.& Astron.(Cmb Ll.4.14)15 : The mone is…a gladner of weyffaring men, of vixid men a relevere.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)60/4 : These dryen, feblen and maken leene the body…to moche stonde in the sone…to be vexed in mynd.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)100/26 : Who terribly putteth his sight, he is vexed with ill thoughtis.
- a1500 Walton Boeth.(Dur-U Cosin V.2.15)278 : Vexed [Lin-C: Vertu…enforceth hym of propre myght To be not vencused be aduersite].
b
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)128/9 : Þis preste gretlie blamyd hym…& þis man wexid hym gretlie and slew hym, and did þe same with ane oþer confessur.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)2.1225 : I can no more, I speke on-curteysely, I may not chese, I am so vexed, trewly.
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)9 : The Kyng, hugely vexid in his spretes with the traturous and malicious rebellion of the said Sir Robert Grame, [etc.].
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)57/32 : Þe forme woman Eue vexude God more þen dyd man.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)29/146b : Stomachari: to be wexyde.
c
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5912 : Sathan…doth in hem þat be travailled, With wicked spirites vexid & assailled, To meve her tongis falsly.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)359 : Presumpcioun…Why vexest þou folk with þi franesie?
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)333/2,6 : On a day hym happend to com vnto a place þer a damysell was vexid with a fend, and…he…said, ‘þou fende…Wharto vexis þou þis womman on þis maner?’
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)1.417 : There is a region at Penbroke whiche is vexede moche by the illusion of deuelles, whiche can not be made clene thro eny crafte other preiers.