Middle English Dictionary Entry
tumblen v.
Entry Info
Forms | tumblen v. Also tumble, tumbel(len, tumbil(le, toumble, tomble, tombli, tombel & tumlin, tumlon; pl. tumblen, etc. & tomblon; p. tumbled(e, etc. & tumbild(e, tombledde & (errors) tumble, tumbel. |
Etymology | Prob. AF tumbler, toumbler; also cp. OE tumbian & MDu. tumelen, MLG tum(m)elen. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. tumben v.
1.
(a) To fall, fall down, fall to the ground; also, fall in battle, die; throw oneself down [quot. a1450]; also [quot. a1425], be brought down from a great height;—used fig.; of a building: collapse, topple; ~ doun (adoun); ~ top over (hors) tail, ~ top-seile (over hors tail, fall headlong, fall head over heels (from a horse); (b) to cause (sb. or sth.) to fall or collapse, topple (sth.); bring (a nation) to ruin; cast (sb.) down from a height; also [1st quot.], ?fig.; ?error for troublen v.; (c) to stumble, trip, totter; (d) ppl. tumblinge as adj.: precipitous, steep.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1300) Songs Langtoft (Cmb Gg.1.1)p.286 : Scatered heir the Scotes, Hodred in the hottes..Thay toumble [vr. tumbed] in Twede that woned bi the se.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4818 : What Sarrazin so he mett..Þe heued to þe chinne he slitt..Who so euer he atrauȝt, Tombel of hors he him tauȝt.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)7511 : Þer tumbled mani paien haþen And mani Cristen.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2776 : He..set hire a sad strok so sore in þe necke þat sche top over tail tombled over þe hacches.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3388 : I wol fonde be þe first in feld him to mete; but our on titly tumbel, trowe me never after.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3866 : He tit ouer his hors tayl tombled ded to þerþe.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)997 : His heued gerte he fro þe swyre þat it tomblede on þe sond.
- a1400 Rich.(Eg 2862)442/3 : Wiþ a spere he smot him in þe shelde þat he tumbled samfaile Top-saile ouer his hors-taile þat on his hed he lyȝt.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2461 : Men miȝtten sen þere kniȝttes defoile, Hertes bleden, braynes boille, Heuedes tumblen [LinI: tomblon], guttes drawe, Many body ouerþrowe.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5469 : Bvt froward fortune and perverse..high estatis she doth reuerse, And maketh hem to tumble [F tumbe] doune.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Hrl 1766)9.3488 : Ye Princes..be no goddys..but men mortal; Stonde vndir daungeer of Fortunys chaunce, More lyk to towmble and more neer a [read: to] fal Than doth a beggere.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1107 : Whene þe renkes gan mete, Fay were fellid vndir fete, Knyghtis tombled in þe strete, Stonayde vndir stedis.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)181/111 : Sen þou may with-outen wathe Fall and do thy selffe no skathe, Tumbill downe to ease vs bathe.
- c1450(?a1400) Roland & O.(Add 31042)1339 : To þe grounde he tumbills doun; His saule went vn-to Mahoun.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)552 : All þe erd euyn ouer sa egirly schakis Þat teldis, templis, & touris tomble on hepis.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)594/10 : Kynge Marke..made no deffence but tumbeled adowne oute of his sadyll to the erthe as a sak.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)320 : Eyther of hem so smer[t]lye smote other..And eyther of hem topseyle tumbledde to þe erthe.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)903 : The lady thaught, for pure angur Here herte wold braste in tow; To her chambyr sche her spede, Tomblyd downe vp on her bede.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)1628 : In sowunynge downe he tomblyd swythe.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1173 : Torrent sett on hym so sore, That hors and man down he bore..So they tombelid all in ffere, That afterward of vii yere The prynce none armes myght weld.
b
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)34/933 : Wanne man sodeynleche deiþ, Hys þoȝt þe sorȝe tumbleþ [Konrath reads: troubleþ]; And senne ony-schryue wanne he uor-ȝet, Hys senne þer-be doubleþ To nusy.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)4 Kings 9.33 : He seide to hem, 'tumbleþ [WB(2): Caste] hir [Jezebel] doun'..& þei tumbleden [vr. tumbliden; WB(2): castiden] hir, & þe wal is sprengd with þe blood.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.25.12 : Þei tumbledyn hem doun fro þe cop in to þe loweste.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lam.2.5 : Maad is þe lord as an enemye; tumblede [vr. tumble; WB(2): castide] doun irael, he tumblede doun alle his wallis.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)63/14 : Ierusalem hath often tyme ben destroyed & the walles abated & beten doun & tombled into the vale.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)423 : The herte [Merlin]..ran thourgh the tables a bandon and tombled mete and drynke all on an hepe.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4877 : I put not vnpossible ȝon place for to take..Ne the Cite to sese and serche within And all the toures of the toun tumbell to ground.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7243 : Achilles..Mony Troiens ouertyrnyt tumblit to dethe.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8153 : This wot I full well..That þis sorow wilnot sese..Tyll the toun be ouerturnyt & tumblid to ground.
c
- c1400 PPl.C (Cmb Dd 3.13)11.35 : Tombly [Hnt HM 137: The wynde and þe water and waggynge of þe bote Makeþ þe man meny tyme to stomble, yf he stande].
- c1450 Trin-C.LEDict.(Trin-C O.5.4)618/16 : Tutibo: to tumble.
d
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)128.202 (v.2:p.335) : The deuyl .. gadyrid togedyr alle the Iewys .. vp onto an hy tumlynge crag stondyng on the see brynge.
2.
(a) To perform leaps, somersaults, etc., tumble; dance acrobatically; (b) to cause (an ape) to perform leaps, somersaults, etc.; also, cause (Jesus), by rough handling, to jump or leap about.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.365 : Þe eorþe swetowede þe wenche þat tomblede [vr. tombede; L saltaverat].
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) John Bapt.(Phys-E)p.39 : Herodias dohter..tumbeled sa wel..That al war payed.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13140 : His broþer doghter..Baled wel and tumbel [Göt: Balid wele and tumblid; Frf: daunsed & sange to tumble; Trin-C: cymbaled tomblyng] wit-al.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)20/40 : A woman was þore in þe hall, Þat tumbild fast bifor þam all.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6836 : Whanne the grete bagge is go, It cometh right with my Iapes; Make I not wel tumble myn apes?
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)195 : His douȝtter tomblid at þe mete hir mynstracyȝe to do, For to conforte þe kyng.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.2824 : Herode..Because his doughter tombled in dede..bad hir aske what that she wolde.
b
- ?a1400 Guy(1) (Sln 1044)629/188 : Beres and bole ybete þer were And apes tumbled in many manere; þere was al maner of gle.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.659 : To scorne Ihesu they make it but a Iape..They plukke hym, they pulle hym, they tumble hym as an ape.
3.
(a) To roll, wallow, turn about; ppl. tumblinge, rolling; also, fig. ?without clear direction, aimless [quot. c1475]; rapidly changing, transitory [1st quot.]; (b) ppl. tumbled, rolled away; (c) ?to move in a chaotic or uncontrolled manner, mill about; ?error for rumbelen v.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.m.3.19 : Yif the forme of this world is so zeeld stable, and yif it torneth by so manye entrechaungynges, wiltow thanne trusten in the tumblenge [vrr. tumblynge, towmblynge; trublynge; F muables; L caducis] fortunes of men?
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)506 : Tumlyn [Win: Tumlon]: Voluto, volvo.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1143 : Wrothely þai wrythyn and wrystill togederz, Welters and walowes ouer within þase buskez, Tumbellez and turnes faste and terez þaire wedez.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)3213 : When þat litull chylde was leyde a-doune byfore þe tombe In his bedde..He womblede & tomblede on bak & wombe, & lowde he cryed & sore he wepte.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)203/24 : The warlow wrath Arthure undir, and so they waltyrde and tumbylde over the craggis and busshys.
- ?a1475 LDirige(2) (Dc 322)223 : Shewe me hem [sins]..My soule, lord, that I may saue From þe pyt of hell so depe, Where synful soules tumble [Hrl 1706: tumbylle] and raue.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)213/26 : Wel is him..if he be leerned sufficientli in eche poynt..lest he make his meditacioun startlyng, heedling, tumbling, or reeling, and þerbi bryng not forþ þe ful availe of good affecciouns.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)557 : So thedyr came Diana caryed in a carre..And so dyd Neptunus, that dothe bothe make & marre, Walewyng with hys wawes & tomblyng as a ball.
b
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)45/18 : In þe entree of mount Syon es a chapell, and in þat chapell es þe stane..whilk stane þe three Mariez saw turned vpward and tumbled off þe graffe, when þai come to þe sepulcre.
c
- c1485 Chaucer CT.Mk.(Trin-C R.3.19)B.3725 : Tomblyd [vr. ranne; Heng: The peple cryde and rombled vp and doun].