Middle English Dictionary Entry
truken v.(2)
Entry Info
| Forms | truken v.(2) Also truke, trukkin, troke(n, (early SWM) trukie(n, trokie; sg.2 trukest, truches; sg.3 truketh, etc. & (early) truket, (?error) truked; p. trukede, etc. & (early) trucede, trucode; ppl. (early) itruked(e, itroked. |
| Etymology | OE trucian |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. atrukien v.
1.
(a) To be insufficient, be deficient, fail; ?also, be unavailable [quot. c1230]; in fig. context: be absent, cease to exist [quot. c1225]; with salacious meaning: fall short, be inadequate [quot. a1475]; of a stream: dry up, cease flowing; (b) to omit (to do sth.), be unable, fail.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)81/32 : Let ðane wellstream, ðe næure ne trukeð, of ðine swete mildce iernen to me.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)14/208 : Ne trukeð neauer mare, hwil we her wunieð, weorre ham bi tweonen.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)37/7 : Þer he mahe iseon toward ow sitte þe þridde, bute ȝef þe ilke þridde oþer stude trukie [Cleo: bute ȝef ȝe him nabben].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8192 : Þa iseh Hængest þat his help trukede þa hald he fram fæhte & bi-halues flæh.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8570 : Ah nauest þu neuere nenne mon..þe cunne wærc makien þe nauere nulle trukien [Otho: trokie].
- a1300 A Mayde Cristes (Jes-O 29)122 : Hit stont vppon a treowe mote þar hit neuer truke ne schal.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)105 : Heuenerof..hiled al ðis werldes drof..Al is bi-luken in godes hond, Til domes-dai ne sal it troken.
- a1475 Leve lystynes (Brog 2.1)p.31 : Owre syre..pysses his tarse euery ȝere, Ryȝte as dothe a boke; When men speke of archery, He mon stond faste there-by, Or ellys hys schote woll troke.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)49/7 : The pepil..Saue the Erle narrow by-lad..of vytayle that trukked wher-of he had grette plente ther-before out of Englond.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8415 : Ȝif hit seoððen ilimppeð sone þer-after þat heo trukieð an hond treouðen to halden.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1988 : Loo, here a gloue full of graynes..And þou truches þaim to tell, þen tidis þe na noþir But move a-gayn to Messedone.
2.
Chiefly with dat.: (a) to be insufficient to (sb.), fail to suffice for; be lacking to (sb.), be wanting to; of the eyes or wits: fail (sb.), ?become dim; (b) ?to cease to be in existence for (sb.), fail to exist for.
Associated quotations
a
- 1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1131 : Her him trucode ealle his mycele cræftes.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)91/29 : His heaued him acþh, ðe eiene him trukieð, his bilif is litel, forðan he ne hafð bute ðurh his handiswinke bi to libbenne.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)149/22 : We habbeð iseȝen..manie of alle ðesen inamde mihten forfaren, for þi ðat hem trukede discrecio.
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)63/20 : Him scorteþ [þe] tunge, him trukeþ his iwit.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)118/3 : He nefde þa nan bute to offearen him ȝef bileaue him trukede [Cleo: trucede].
- a1250 Lofsong Louerde (Nero A.14)213 : Ase þu ert neodfulles help, bi-hold, heie louerd, hu monnes help trukeð me.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)59 : Eneas þe duc mid his driht-folcke widen iwalken..redes him trokeden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1685 : Þe king wende in-to þan suð ende to Regau is dochter, for rædes him trukeden.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)393 : Feire beþ þis ȝunge men iserued þilke niȝt; Of mete ne of drinke trukede hem no wiȝt.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)95/830 : Ne schal him neauer teone ne tintreo trukien in inwarde helle.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)182/19 : Pine ne trukeð ow nawt, I þeos ilke twa þing þet al penitence is in.
3.
(a) Chiefly with dat.: to fail to fulfill promises or obligations to (sb.), be derelict in one's duty toward, be lacking in loyalty to, fail; deceive (sb.); also, do a false turn to (sb.) [last quot.]; ben itruked, be made or be shown to be deceptive or false; (b) ~ up, ?to be deceptive by stuffing or padding out garments, trick out with padding [prob. error for tuken v.].
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)35 : Soðliche heo [this life] us truket þenne we lest weneð.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)75/24 : Ðe richeise ðe scal trukien, ic ne truke ðe nauer.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)7/48 : Ha truste upon him þet ne truked [?read: trukeð; vr. trukeneð] na mon ha trewliche him truste on.
- a1250 Lofsong Louerde (Nero A.14)213 : Þu..lettest me al iwurðen wið þeo þet ich truste uppon and heo beoð me itrukede.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2177 : For nauer nare teonen nulle we þe trukien [Otho: bileue].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8198 : Ure godd Teruagant, whi trukest þu us an hond?
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8379 : Us is itruked [Otho: itroked] an hond, Appollin & Teruagant..& alle ure laue nu us sunde laðe.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)151/3268 : Ful wel him þouȝte þat while Þat him trokede a gret gile.
b
- a1500 PParv.(Add 37789)504 : Trukkyn vp or stakkyn up: Suffarcino.