Middle English Dictionary Entry
tromp(e n.
Entry Info
| Forms | tromp(e n. Also troump, trump(e, trumppe, thrump & (?error) tronpe, (error) trup; pl. trompes, etc. & trompus, tromppes, troumppes, trumpus, trumpen & (?error) trunpes, (error) truppys. |
| Etymology | OF tromp(e, tronpe, AF troumpe, trumpe; also cp. ML trumpa, trompa, tronpa. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
Any of several trumpetlike horns in use in the Middle Ages [only quot. a1450(1408) provides sufficient detail to distinguish between a war trumpet and such smaller horns as may have been used for ceremonies and festivities]; also in fig. context [quot. c1450 Bk.GGrace]; also, in Bibl. use and allusions: a shofar, ram's horn; feste of trompes, the Feast of Tabernacles, Sukkoth; singen in ~, fig. to boast; singen with ~, belch;—used iron.
Associated quotations
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8166 : Of trompes & of tabors þe sarazins made þere So gret noyse þat cristinemen al destourbed were.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)27/301 : Tabours & trunpes [?read: trumpes] ȝede hem bi & al maner menstraci.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.6 : Ich herd a grete voice biside me as it were þe soune of a trumpe.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.6.1 : In thecua trumpeþ with a trumpe [WB(2): clarioun].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.6.2 : When thou dost almesse, nyle thou synge byfore thee in a trumpe, as ypocritis don in synagogis and streetis.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2600 : Now ryngen trompes [vrr. tromp, trumpen], loude and clarioun.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4770 : Wurschepe God yn troumpes and sautre.
- a1425 Roy.17.C.17 Nominale (Roy 17.C.17)693 fn. : Tuba: troumpe.
- a1425 WBible(2) Gloss.Ps.(Frf 2)80.1 : This salm was ordeyned to be songen in the feest of trumpis to doo thankinges to God for the fruytis of the ȝeer gederid thanne.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)56/29 : Þere in was a vessel of gold full of Manna &..a table of syluer & ij trompes [Man.(2): trumppes] of siluer.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1484 : Thane þe Bretons boldely braggen þeire tromppez.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1702 : Luke thi troumppez be trussede and trofull no lengere.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)113/29 : Trompes ben þoo instrumentis þat ben made of gold oþere of siluer or bras, foure foote or more of lengþe, holowe þoruȝout, brode and round at þe furþer ende.
- a1450 7 Sages(3) (Cmb Dd.1.17)758 : Thay..herdyn tronpe [?read: trompe] and taburne.
- a1450 7 Sages(3) (Cmb Dd.1.17)3049 : The lorde..gaf hym leve for to wende..Into the see a myle or tway, Wyth truppys [read: trumppys] and oþer mynstralcie.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)281 : Þe mynstrals blwe hure trompus þen.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)470/9 : A trumpe all of fyre come oute of þe pytt and made such a noyce at þe clerk went at all þis werld had bene at an end.
- c1450 Bk.GGrace (Eg 2006)328/5-9 : Sche sawe a trumpe commynge forth fra the herte of God to here herte, ande þan agayne itt was tornede fro this maydene to the herte off God, be þe whiche trumpe was betokenede the preysynge ande the herynge of God; Þat trumpe was arayede with knoppes or knottes off golde, [etc.].
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)131a : Trumpe: Classus, lituus, buccina, Tibia..tubia qua bellantes animantur ad pugnam; Sambucca..Sambucus, fistula.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)80.3 : Blawys in the newmone with trup [vr. trump].
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)389 : Syr Kadore lette make a feste..Ther was myche menstralse; Trommpus, tabours, and sawtre, Bothe harpe and fydylleyng.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)98/331b : Ructo: to syng with a trompe.
2.
In cpds. & combs.: ~ salere, a trumpet-shaped saltcellar; trompe(s sleve, a sleeve flared at the wrist.
Associated quotations
- (1437) Invent.Q.Katherine in Sus.AC 37 (Add 32645)173,174 : Delivred to maistresse Darcy: a gowne of blak velvet upon satyn fourred with gray with trompes slyves..delivred to my lady Harpedeyne a gowne of velvet upon velvet fourred with ermynes with trompe slyves.
- (1456) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)379 : [A pair of] trumpesalers.
3.
One who plays a trompe, a trumpeter.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)6557 : Þer were trumpes and fiþelers And stiours and tabourers.
- (1391) Acc.Exped.Der.in Camd.n.s.5237/28 : Les Thrumps: Henrici Mansell' et Morley.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3422 : Þe erþe quaked hem alle vnder; Ne shulde man haue herd þe þonder For þe noyse and þe tabours, And þe trumpes and jugelours.
- a1425 Roy.17.C.17 Nominale (Roy 17.C.17)693 fn. : Tubicen: troumpe.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)1075 : Trompis [vr. Trumpus], in topcastells þay rasse; Þe riche kyng to þe land gaste.
- ?c1450 Page SRouen (Hrl 2256)380/1218 : Trumpis blewȝ her bemys of bras.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)p.136 : Here entur..her mynstrall, trumpes.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1496 : Hys trompys schull be boun Har bemes for-to blowe.
4.
A flared hollow tube or pipe, water pipe; also, the windpipe of the crane.
Associated quotations
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)9.179 : Best is to ha made Trumpis of cley..Oon ende ymaad so streyne, another sprede, That vche into other may an hondis brede.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)431 : The Crane is a fowle..of hyre trompe in þe brest loke þat ye beware, towche not hir trompe euermore þat ye spare.
5.
As surname; also, as the name of a ship.
Associated quotations
- (1275) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames355 : Patrick Trumpe.
- (1300) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)1.639 : Patrik Tromp.
- (1310) Feet Fines Kent in Archaeol.Cant.11336 : Walter Trumpe.
- (1417) *For.Acc.(PRO) 8 Hen.V G/1 [no.54 m.31] [OD col.] : Reddit compotum de..lxviij gaddis de ferro pro iactura in le Tromp.