Middle English Dictionary Entry
trentā̆l n.
Entry Info
Forms | trentā̆l n. Also trental(l)e, trenthal, trentaul, trentel(le, trintal(le; pl. trental(e)s, etc. & trentailis. |
Etymology | ML trentāle, AL trentellum & OF trentel, AF trental, trenthal. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A set or course of thirty masses for the dead, sung on the same day or spread over several days, a trental; also, a poem describing a particular trental [quot. a1500 Trental]; also, a payment for singing such masses; ~ messe; ~ of messes; (b) gilden (golden, grege, pope, seinte gregori, etc.) ~, gret ~ of seinte gregori, a trental attributed to Pope Gregory consisting of ten sets of three masses for the dead to be sung on ten chief feast days of the year (Christmas, Epiphany, Easter, etc.) [see quot. c1390 in (a)];—also pl.; also as the title of a poem describing this trental [1st & 2nd quots.]; also, a payment for singing this trental [quot. c1475]; (c) ?a period of thirty days during which a trental is sung; ?the thirtieth day after burial when a commemorative mass for the dead is sung [cp. month-mind(e n.].
Associated quotations
a
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)44/94 : What tyme þat any of þe bretheren or of þe sost[ren dyeþ, þey] schul haue a trental of messes out of þe commune box of þe forseid f[raternite].
- c1390(?a1350) Trental St.Greg.(1) (Vrn(1))106 : Mi deore Blessede sone..Holpen and saued I mihte beo wel Hose vndurtoke a trewe trentel Of ten cheef festes of al þe ȝer To synge for me in þis Maneer: Þreo Masses of Cristes Natiuite, And of þe Ephiphan oþur þre, Þreo of þe Purificaciun, [etc.].
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.1717 : Excited he the peple in his prechyng To trentals and to yeue for goddes sake Wher with men myghten holy houses make.
- c1400(?c1384) Wycl.50 HFriars (Bod 647)373 : In covetise þei con nevere make an ende bot by beggynge, byqueethyng, by birying, by salaries and trentals and by schryvyngis..þei worschippen þo fend as hor God.
- (1418-19) EEWills40/10 : My will es to haue a Trentale of masses ȝef that I dyd er þane I come home.
- (1436) EEWills105/7 : Eche of the saide preestes..hauynge in Charge to seye euery friday a messe of þe trentall with Placebo and dirige, & the ix lessons.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)502 : Trentel: Tricenalis [KC: trentale; Win: Tricenale].
- (1447) Acc.Bk.Carpenter Co.14 : For a trentell of massys, ij s. vj d.
- ?c1450 in Aungier Syon Mon.274 : Whan any of the professed be passed to God, eche lay brother..kan they rede or not rede, eche of hem xxxti days togyder..schal say for the trintal iii Pater nostres and iii Aues withe other suffrages assygnyd be the souereyn.
- (1454) Will York in Sur.Soc.30171 : I wyll be don for my sawle iij trentawls of ye Fadyr and Son and Holy Gost, iij of owr Lady, and iij of Requiem, and iij I wyll be don a Charterhows be syd Hull, and vj at Frers.
- (1465) Acc.Howard in RC 57312 : My mastyr toke hym to gyff the ffreres of Colchestre fore to synge a trentalle for my lady x s.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)52 : Hostiensis seiþ of hem þat ȝeuen a peney, or peyneyes, to prestis, for to do aniuersaries, or to syng a messe of þe Holi Gost..or for to syng trentaylis, in alle swilk casis..it is symonye.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.187 : It is defendit be þe Synodalys of Englond þat non persone ne vyckyr schulde makyn comenant with his parych prest þat he schulde besydyn his salarye takyn anuel or trentel.
- a1500 Awntyrs Arth.(Dc 324)218 : Were thritty trentales done, By-twene vnder and none, Mi soule socoured withe sone And broughte to þe blys.
- c1450 Trental St.Greg.(1) (Clg A.2)44/228 : Þis be don at eche a feste As þe trentell speketh..Then may þou be sykur..To brynge þe sowle out of payne.
- -?-(1471) Will in Som.RS 16222 : To Sir John Cerne, to say a trentall masse for me, 2 s. 6 d.
b
- [ (1431) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)458 : Jeo devise a deux honestes prestres pur chanter messes et pur dir le trenthall del Gregory par un an entier. ]
- c1390(?a1350) Trental St.Greg.(1) (Vrn(1))head. : Þe Pope trental.
- c1390(?a1350) Trental St.Greg.(1) (Vrn(2):Horst.)head. : Here bygunnet þe guldene trental þat ouȝte be loued swyþe wel.
- (1418) EEWills31/7 : To the freres Menours of Bryggenorth, to do singe for my soule..the hole Seint Gregories Trentall.
- (1428) Doc.in Collect.Topogr.3260 : Y wolle whar ever owre bodyes be beryed..a preest be founde ij ȝere to synge the grete Trentall of Seint Gregory.
- a1450(?1419-20) Topias (Dgb 41)89/518 : Þat gilden trentels þat þou spekist of, Þat now is purchasid of preestis out of freris hondis, Delyueriþ noo soule out of þe peyne of helle.
- (1451) Lin.DDoc.54/4 : I will..thys x prestes syng for my saule & my wyfys..the grege trenthall..in Al the hast yt yay may.
- c1425 Wycl.Antichr.(2) (Dub 245)p.cxlvii : Antecrist makiþ hise knowen..bi gedryng vp of tythes messe penyes, & offringus; bi þe gylden trentals & salaries to synge bi pardenystours & procuratours.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.186 : It semyth be þi wordys þat þei þat syngyn þe gyldene trental gon wol nyhȝ symonye, for þei makyn wondirful comenant of her syngynge.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.188 : Þey seyn þat Sent Gregory ordeynyd þat maner of syngynge to han hys moodir out of purgatorie and þerfor þey cleppyn it Sent Gregoryys trentel.
- a1500(a1419) Jack Upland (Hrl 6641)62/199 : Men bileue þat ȝoure golden trentale, soold for a certeyne summe of money..may brynge a soule out of helle or of purgatorie.
- c1450 Trental St.Greg.(1) (Clg A.2)42/180 : Thys ys þe vertu, y þe telle, Of seynt Gregory trentelle.
c
- c1450 Bk.GGrace (Eg 2006)561/19 : Aftere þees wordes, within þe xxx daye whiche es clepede a tryntalle emonge religious men ande women, whan a masse was songene in þe chapelle whare he was beryede..þis maydene sawe owre lorde stondynge before the preeste.