Middle English Dictionary Entry
bilẹ̄ven v.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | bilẹ̄ven v.(2) Also (early) bilyfen, bileoven; believen. |
Etymology | LOE, beside the common WS gelīefan, gelȳfan & A gelēfan. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Theol. To believe (in a doctrine, in God, etc.); -- with in, on, upon, to, into phrase; (b) to profess (a deity).
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(?OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)77/6 : Ge gelefeð on God, belefeð eac on me.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)6/19 : Þurh ðene almihtiȝæ drihten, ðe we on bilyfæð.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)34/13 : Moniȝe scylen on god bilyfæn þurð þa wundræ.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13966 : Woden, ure lauerd, þe we on bi-liueð.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)25/9 : Eadi bieð ða menn ðe on me belieuen.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)55/16 : Ic am eadi þat ic beliefde on godes sonde.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.Creed (Trin-C B.14.52)19 : To bileuen in god.
- a1250 Creed (Nero A.14)217 : Ich bileue on god feder al-mihti, schuppare of heouene and of eorðe.
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)210/75 : Ine him so bileue..þet we mowe habbe þo blisce of heueriche.
- ?a1300(a1250) Harrow.H.(Dgb 86)245 : Hy þat nolde nout on me bileue, Hy sulen in helle wiþ satanas bileue.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)1321 : On crist ihc wolde bileue.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)13890 : Woche beoþ ȝoure bi-leue þat ȝeo an bi-lefeþ [Clg: ileueð].
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)44 : Þe gywes mony on..by-leouede on him anon.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)932 : Ak byleoueþ in god.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)12 : Ich beleue ine god.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Jonah 3.5 : Men of Nynye byleeuyden to the Lord.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 1.12 : To hem that bileuen in his name.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 8.30 : Many men bileueden in to him.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)1.79 : On crist to bileeue [C: by-lyue].
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.1178 : The hye god, on whom that we bileue.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.34 : To byleue..in o lorde almyȝty.
- c1450 Scrope Othea (Lngl 253)37 : It is necessari to beleve opon the Maker of heuen and of erthe.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)45.53 : Be the lord that I On beleve.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)1816 : Laban and all his men, That on Mahounde byleved.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)4/33 : If they wolle not beleue vpon our lawe.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)370/411 : In Jhesu and his moder to beleve.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)103/15 : Y bileeue into god þe fadir.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)18/29 : For þou haues seen me, þou beleuest yn me.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.629 : He seith..That Crist..He woll believe.
2.
Theol. To profess a faith or religion; be a believer in, or adherent of, a faith, esp. of Christianity; ben bilevand.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.486 : Y nil nouȝt þou forsake god þine: Þou art bileueand wele afine.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.259 : If..thow wolt with outen slouthe Bileue aright and knowen verray trouthe.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)67/20 : Þai say þai er noȝt right belefand, when þai trowe þat Ihesu Criste was done on þe crosse.
- a1450 3 KCol.(1) (Roy 18.A.10)3/19 : Þes iii kynges, þat of myscreauntys were þe first bileuyng men.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)51/26 : He þat beleueth not, he schall be dampnet.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)78/25 : My seruand, say þou beleuyst as holy chyrch doþe.
3.
To accept (a statement, a doctrine, etc.) as valid or true; accept (sth.) as authoritative; ~ autorité; take (sth.) to be a fact; -- often with that clause.
Associated quotations
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)953 : Ne byleouestou nouȝt þis, Þat..my ffader in me is?
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)4702 : Þe heþene englissemen..Bileuede þat in heuene godes hii were bo.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)9116 : He willede of an lampreye to ete. Ac is leches him vorbode, vor it was vnholsom mete; Ac he nolde it noȝt bileue.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)151 : Wel beleue is huanne me belefþ simpleliche al þet god made, zayþ, and hat.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2701 : Troweth and bileueth stedefastly, that he nys nat wel ynorisshed..that kan nat haue pacience.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.3396 : Forto make ous full believe That he was verrai goddes Sone..Fro dethe he ros.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1047 : Trouthe is a thyng that I wol euere kepe..Bileueth this as siker as youre crede.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)345 : Ȝif þe pope determine ouȝt, þanne it is soiþ and to bileve.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Tob.7.15 : Y bileue [WB(1): I trowe], that herfor the Lord made ȝou come to me.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.6.97 : Thou bylevest that the governynge of it is nat subgit..to the folye of thise happes aventurous, but to the resoun of God.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.7.169 : The whiche thing our reson defendeth us to byleeven.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)83 : Men shulde autoritees beleve, There as there lyth non other assay by preve.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)27 : Wel ought us thanne honouren and beleve These bokes, there we han noon other preve.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)141/10 : Sir, ye may well beleve hit.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)103/13 : Þou schalt fynde..mo articles which ben as moche to be bileeued as þe xij ben.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)104/7 : I beleeue euerlasting lijf to be or to come.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)171/6 : We beleue now fully þat..þis is verray Godis body.
- a1500 Play Sacr.(Dub 652)647 : Why wylle ye nott beleve that I haue tawght..And vnto my godhed to take credence?
4.
(a) To give credence (to sb. or sth.), have confidence (in sth.); -- with in, on, to phrase; (b) ~ the wers, to have less faith or credulity.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)7359 : Boten þu us wullen bilæiuen [Otho: bi-leue], þu scalt..muchel balu habben.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.605 : What seye we of hem that bileeuen on dyuynailes as by flight?
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)194b/a : Wrecches þat bileueþ in suche doyng ben adreynt.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.39.19 : The lord bileuyde ouer myche to the wordis of the wijf.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ex.4.1 : The comyns schulen not bileue to me.
b
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)1962 : Ech of hem..Scorned hem-selue of here illusioun, Beleuand þe wers al here lyf.
5.
(a) To have (a certain) opinion or conviction; think, believe; (b) to expect (to do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2598 : By certeyne presumpcions and coniectynges I holde and bileue that god..hath suffred this bityde by iuste cause resonable.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2012 : Whan that a man himself believeth..That he alle othre men can deme.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.644 : He is to wys, in feith, as I bileue.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2222 : With such merci who that believeth To plese god, he is deceived.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)10919 : Priam was proude, & prestly beleuyt For to couer of care thurgh hir kyd helpe.