Middle English Dictionary Entry
tharf n.
Entry Info
Forms | tharf n. Also (early) þearf, þærf, þerf, (infl.) þarfe, þearfe. |
Etymology | OE þearf, þarf, þerf. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A need; what is required or wanted; wants or needs; ?also, poverty, indigence [last quot.]; haven ~ to, to need (sth.); (b) in phrase: to ~, for the benefit or good of (sb., a person's soul); nis hit non ~, it is of no use (that sb. do sth.); (c) necessity arising from the circumstances of a situation; leng..than hit ~ si, longer than is necessary; so fele so ~ si, as much as is necessary; than the ~ si, to him to whom it is necessary; the while him ~ si, as long as it is necessary for him.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)4/36 : Eaðe gerædeð God his wille beo þe & þine þearfe, þeh he hit þe ær ne secge.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)113/36 : Biscopen & sacerdan gedafenað þæt heo heora lare gemen, & þan folca heora þearfe secgen.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)131/19 : Ælfred..to þan halgen gelomen com emb his sawle þearfe.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12247 : Ȝiff þu wære rædiȝ till To nittenn itt [wealth] att nede Onn alle þa þatt haffdenn ned & þarrfe to þin hellpe, Þa mihhtesst tu swa þurrh þin hord Þe winnenn heoffness blisse.
- a1225 Wint.Ben.Rule (Cld D.3)99/7 : Gyf þonne swa mycel þearf þære stowe [L necessitas loci aut paupertas] beo þæt hy silfe scullon heore corn & anlifene gaderian, & hi on þam abiseȝode beon, ne beo hiȝ þæah ȝeunrotsod, forðan þæt beoð þonne riht mynecene ȝyf hi libbad be þam ȝeswince heora aȝenra handa.
b
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)57/22 : Augustinus se wise us maneð, to ure sawle þearfe, mid þysen worden, [etc.].
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Evang.(Bod 343)12/18 : Þe bið unrihtwis þe heorcnæð þare wordæ & nele heom awenden to weorce, him to þearfe.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)9 : Ȝif hwa is swa sunful..þet nulle..his scrift ihalden, þenne segge ic eou to soðe þet nis hit nan þerf þet me her on þisse liue for his saule..messe singe..hu scolde oðermonnes goddede comen him to gode þe nefre on þisse liue nanes godes ne rohte?
c
- a1150(?OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)23/19 : Ge wel wurðe syn þæt ge gewitnode beon, ac ge ageð mycele þearfe þæt ge dædbote don eower synnen mid teare.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)55/2 : Ne þafa ðæt heo leng þaræt licȝe þanne hit þearf si.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)263/16 : Wið deofolseocnesse & wið yfele ȝesihþe, fulfes [OE wulfes] flæsc wel ȝetawod & ȝesoden syle etan þam þe þearf sy.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)35/19 : Nim þanne wulle..wyrc cliþan þærof, leȝe þæruppa þa sealfe wel þicce; wryð þanne to þan breostan, swa hæt swa he hattest forberan mæȝe; þanne þeo beo acoled, leȝe oþerne wearme þarto, and do þus ðe hwyle hym þearf sy.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)47/16 : Ȝenym hwit cude and alewan and mirra and gingiferan and cymen and grind hy eal togadere and do huniȝ to, swa fela swa þærf sy.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Dom.2 Quadr.(Bod 343)50/15 : Men, nu we iheræð ðæt God on us eardiȝæn wule..is us swiðe mycel ðearf þæt we us sylfe weorðe don him to eardungstowe.