Middle English Dictionary Entry
tẹ̄n v.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | tẹ̄n v.(1) Also tenne, then, tẹ̄, tei, (chiefly early SW or SWM & WM) teo(n, (WM) toe, tuen & (early) theo & (16th cent.) tegh. Forms: sg.3 tẹ̄ð, (16th cent.) tẹ̄s & (early SWM) ti(h)ð; impv. (early SWM) tih & (error) teoþ; pl. tẹ̄ne, tien, tgen, teth, tieth, (early) teoð; p.sg.2 (early SWM) tuȝen; sg.3 teg, teȝ(e, tei(e, teiȝ(e, teuȝ, tih, tog, (16th cent.) tegh & (early SWM) tæh, teh, tæih, teih; pl. (early) tugen, (SWM) to, toȝen, tuȝen, tuhen, tuhȝen, tuwen, teuwen, tueoȝen & (16th cent.) teghit; ppl. towen, toun, togen. |
Etymology | OE tēon, from *teohan; sg.3 tīehþ, tīhþ, tīþ; p. tēah, tēh, tēg; pl. tugon; ppl.togen. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. aten v., biten v.(2), forten v., forth-ten v., tighten v.(1).
1.
(a) To go, come, proceed, travel; also, issue (from sb.); ~ oute (up); ~ hennes, die; (b) to move; pass by; also, mill about; (c) refl. to betake oneself; draw oneself back, withdraw; (d) to go or come for a purpose: ~ after min soule, come for my soul; ~ from spoushed, flee matrimony; ~ (oute) ayenes, go to fight (sb.); ~ to his sword, go to get his sword; ~ to the kinges socour, go to the king's aid; (e) to stretch out, extend; (f) ~ ther-to, to come to that, happen.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)405 : He him-seolf teih [Otho: eode] bi-foren to telde þæs kinges.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)834 : Heo to-dælden heom atweolfa & to on alchere halue.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9320 : Ouer þat water heo tueoȝen [Otho: wende] þat hatten Tambreis.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10792 : Monie þe þer fluȝen; to þan watere heo tuhȝen [Otho: toȝen]..þer heo for-wurðen.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)48 : Up he teð til ðat he ðe heuene seð.
- ?a1300 St.Eust.(Dgb 86)184 : To wecche lond ma ich toe? Hou longe sal ich liues boe?
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)607 : Ut it [dove] tog, And brogt a grene oliues bog.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)934 : Of ðe self sal ðin erward ten.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1514 : An time dede hunger ysaac flen, And he wulde to egipte then.
- a1350 Harrow.H.(Hrl 2253)234 : Alle þe oþer þat mine buen shule to blisse wiþ me tuen.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1439 : Þai went forþ ful riȝt And to þe stede gun ten Þer þe castel schuld ben.
- c1330(?a1300) KAlex.(Auch)372/51 : Swiche day Y schal hennes ten [Ld: teen; LinI: teon], And who schal mi traitour ben?..þin ending schal be nome Jn þe next ȝare.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)57 : Ioseph teiȝ to non hous bote euene to þe temple.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5709 : Unto his contre hom he tyh And..com his paleis nyh.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1093 : Ȝe haf trauayled..towen fro ferre.
- a1425 St.Alex.(2) (LdMisc 463)63/436 : So suete smel of him teyȝ þat alle þat wer neyȝ wonder of him heuede.
- a1450 ?Audelay An a byrchyn bonke (Dc 302)220/72 : Ȝif we tene to þe towne..What helpis our hontyng?
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1158 : Myche peple..at þe posterne ȝatis Tyen out of þe toun.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2174 : When he was full þare & fedd..To Tergarontes he teȝe.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)212/1918 : They toke leve home to tenne; Noman wist where þey had benne.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2541 : Let hym tegh to þe tempull, talke with his goddes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12907 : At the last..he light into hauyn..Tegh vnto Tuskan & turnyt to londe.
b
- c1230 Ancr.(Corp-C 402)130/17 : Grið beo bimong ow..Swa þet alle teoð an, alle iturnt anesweis & nan frommard oðer.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10782 : Þat water tið þer-under þat Teine is ihaten.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)266 : Ðe hertes hauen anoðer kinde..Alle he arn off one mode..& he ouer water ten..on swimmeð bi forn.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3968 : Ðo ne migte ðes asse flen, Ne he ne durste forðere ten, Oc fel ðor dun.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4755 : Þat folk abouten him gan ten And asked wat folk it miȝt ben.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)25/274 : Alle þe wilde bestes þat þer beþ For ioie abouten him þai teþ.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)26/290 : Oþer while he miȝt him se As a gret ost bi him te.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)821 : Þorw on of þeos bayles he mot teon Þat wol on ende iborwed beon.
- a1400(a1325) Glo.Chron.B (Trin-C R.4.26)6579 : Tey [vrr. teiȝe, teye; A: Þat water..wax an hey..& euere vpward it stey].
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)20402 : Lede thy compenye forth with the To Aroundel as faste as thou myht Te.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)965 : A lytelle bote..To theyme-ward with the streme gon te.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)322 : Þe king..tæh hine aȝein ane þrowe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1439 : His feðer-home he dude him on &..tæih him to þon lufte.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2846 : Heo loseden monie þusend godere monnen & tuwen heom fram þan walle.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8693 : Vther, tih þe aȝan & bonne þine cnihtes.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12982 : Arður hine teh bi-siden his iferen.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)10023 : Arthur..teh hine a bacward.
d
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)4053 : Ðe ginge wimmen of ðin lond..Ðe [read: Do] ðu ten vt gen ðis men, Ðe cumen brewen herte-bren Wið win and wlite & bodi & dwale.
- a1350 Horn (Hrl 2253)40/723 : To is suerd he gon teon.
- a1350 Suete ihu king (Hrl 2253)51 : After mi soule let aungles te.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4044 : Swiftlich al þai gunnen flen, And to þe kinges socour ten.
- ?c1400 SLeg.Nativ.M&C (Lamb 223)140 : No man fro spoucehode shuld tee [Stw: fle].
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)52.568 : Hors and harneys ȝe scholen haue..but..be the Cownseil Of Me, Aȝens that knyht ȝe scholen not Te.
e
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1238 : Fer ðeðen ghe gede..Bi al-so fer so a boge mai ten.
f
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)40/742 : With armes he hym gan schrede; Hys brenye he gan lace..Þo hyt þer to gan ten, Ne durst him noman sen.
2.
(a) To draw near (to sb. or sth.), approach; also, draw closer emotionally (to a good ruler); (b) to be in pursuit, follow; also fig. [quot. c1400]; follow (a road); also, fig. pursue (a way of life); ben towen after, follow.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)52/20 : Tuhen alle to hire bodi þe untrume weren & hefden hare heale.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1310 : Þat lond heo lette tilien; him tuwen hired-men to [Otho: al folk him louede].
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1232 : Þu miȝt blenche wel & fleo Ȝif þu isihst heo to þe teo.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)617 : [T]o þe Admiral sone he teȝ, [A]nd tolde him what he iseȝ.
- c1300 SLeg.Inf.Chr.(LdMisc 108)1244 : To þat þridde caudron he teuȝ And fond cloth þare inne of wel guod bluȝ.
- a1325 SLeg.Brendan (Corp-C 145)185 : Þo vley þer up a lite voul & toward him gan teo.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)106/2175 : Beues to þe hors teȝ.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1291 : More ioyȝe he wil make..qwan ȝe wil to hym te, þan with suyche many goode men þat euere han nyȝ hym be.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1349 : So muche pres was abouȝt hym þat he myȝt not nyȝ hym te, & schort he was þat he ne myȝt ouere þo folk hym se.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)29/14 : As to my fadyr lete us now tee to knowe what xal be his talkyng.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)149 : Wyth þat hys modyr agayn gan te To fayr Floraunce.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1015 : To none bot launcelot wold she te.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3165 : He bi-lefde tweie sunen þa tuwen þes fader þæuwes.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9475 : He tuȝen riht þen wæi þa in-to Tintaieol læi.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3644 : Ðat brigte skie bi-foren hem flegt [?read: fleg], And ðis folc ðor-after teg.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3647 : Ðis folc is after softe togen, And hauen swinc in weige drogen.
- c1400(?c1308) Davy Dreams (LdMisc 622)162 : Amen, amen, so mote it be, And lete vs neuere to oþere waye tee.
- a1500(a1400) Libeaus (Lamb 306)1452 : Syr Lybeous after ganne tee; With sterne strokys thre He smote his backe on twayne.
3.
(a) To exert a tugging force; also, fig. ?argue forcefully, contend [last quot.]; ~ togeder, draw together; (b) to tug at (a book); pull up (ropes); also, remove (a legal right); pull forcibly (sb. or sth. from a place, body, etc.), wrest; ~ awei (up); ~ in twinne, separate (persons); (c) to appropriate (sth.), seize.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)25/30 : Þa oþer adle sit þus on þan swuran, þæt sa syna teoð fram þan cynne to þan breostan, þæt he þane muþ atyne ne mæȝ fore syna ȝetoȝe.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)33/19 : Sa sculdraþ teoþ togadere [L constringuntur].
- ?a1300 Fox & W.(Dgb 86)279 : Þe frere mid al his maine tey So longe þat he þene wolf I-sey.
- c1300 SLeg.Inf.Chr.(LdMisc 108)1417 : Hold nou faste þat i tok þe And drauȝh wel ȝwane ich teo.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)149 : Þe kyng fette forþ feole of his clerkes to spute with Ioseph..Ioseph tok þe holy writ and tei for his teeme.
b
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)33/30 : Þa blaca feond tugen þa sawle of þan lichame & aweig gelædden.
- (1155) Chart.Hen.II in Hall EME (Hrl Charter 3.B.49)12 : Ic nelle þet eni man enig þing þer on theo.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)114/794 : Heo..tuhen [Roy: drohen] hire tittes up of hire breosten..wið eawles of irne.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)111/971 : Ichulle leoten luken & teon þe tittes awei of þine bare breosten.
- c1300 SLeg.Lucy (Hrl 2277)112 : What reisoun mai þis beo Þat a þousend men nemowe hire enes of þe stede teo?
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)251 : Fro we in twynne wern towen and twayned, I haf ben a joylez juelere.
- a1425 St.Alex.(2) (LdMisc 463)64/449 : Eufemian adoun beyȝ; þat writ he drow & ȝerne tey; he ne myght it out-winne.
- a1425 St.Alex.(2) (LdMisc 463)65/458 : Þe pope to þe bed beyȝ; þe writ of his hond he teyȝ.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7628 : So kene was þe course of the cold shoures, And more greuit the grekes by þe grym windes, Þat..Ouertyrnit the tenttes, teghit vp the ropes.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)822 : He..herȝede þat lond & tæh hit to his aȝre hond.
4.
(a) To drag (sb. or sth. somewhere), tow, haul; draw (sth. from one place to another); also fig.; convey (sb. to someone else); also, carry (a club); ~ up; ~ in herte, fig. take (sb.) to one's heart, hold dear; (b) to induce the movement of (sb. somewhere), attract; fig. attract (sb. to Christ, heaven, sin, etc.), entice; bring (a land to destruction).
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)255/13 : Firegate braȝen teoþ [read: teoh] þurþ gyldene hring, syle ðan cilde.
- a1200(?OE) Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)151 : Alse þe sunne teð water fram eorðe up to þe wolcne..swo þe holi gost teð þe mannes luue to heuene.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)7/64 : He..biȝet et te keiser þet he..lette..leaden him i cure up o fowr hweoles & teon him ȝeonte tun.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)919 : Eotendes longe..Heo tuȝen [Otho: drowen] alle to-gadere treon swiðe muchele.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2853 : Þe furken weoren aræred; heo teuwen up þa ȝisles and heom þer hengen.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1676 : Iacob wurð drunken, and..Laban bi nigt tog him liam.
- a1400 Bevis (Eg 2862)112/2319 : His ryng he gan to him tee For to loke and for to see.
- a1400 Bevis (Eg 2862)196/4139 : Her armour þey gan to hem tee And to hors lepen hee.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7076 : To shippe he may hem [goods] beren and teen.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)619 : Folke..Tyeþ in-to tourres tonnes ful manye, With grete stones.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8313 : I may not hate hym, by heuyn, þat me in hert tes.
b
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)27 : Hit hine tið to þan bittre deðe.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)129 : Þis [cross] is sunfulla monna leddre þurh hwam ure drihtan teh to him al moncun.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)81 : Swo mote we flite togenes..alle þe þing þat us to sunne teð.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)107 : Þe deuel..bringeð unnut þonc on mannes heorte, and teð him swo to iuele speche and to werse dede.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)115 : He atende todai ure herte..and teo hus to him.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)139 : His word..teh folc to him [John the Baptist].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8014 : Þu tuȝen uuenon þe uncuðe leoden.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1435 : An ȝunling..His ȝunge blod hit draȝeþ amis An sum sot mon hit tihþ þarto.
- a1300 Þeo soþe luue (Jes-O 29)65 : Vre louerd crist vs wule teo to heouene.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3005 : Fleges kin sal hin ouer-gon And al his lond to sorge ten.
5.
(a) To teach (sb.), train, educate; ppl. towen as adj., well trained; (b) ~ forth, to practice (wiles) [cp. forth-ten v. (b)].
Associated quotations
a
- a1275(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Trin-C B.14.39)133/648 : Þe luttele mon..so word he wole him-seluen ten, þat is louird maister he wolde ben.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1913 : If he sag hise breðere mis-faren, His fader he it gan vn-hillen..He wulde ðat he sulde hem ten Ðat he wel-ðewed sulde ben.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)178 : There come in at þe fyrste course..taghte men and town in togers full ryche.
b
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)35 : Vre fo þat is þe deuel..teð forð geres hwile after fox, hwile after wulue.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)165 : Te lewede men..teð forð geres after wilde deore.
6.
To belong (to a group).
Associated quotations
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3824 : Ilc prince me take hise wond..And on wond writen sal ben Ðe kindes name ðe ðor-to tgen.