Middle English Dictionary Entry
tēm(e n.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | tēm(e n.(1) Also team(e, teome, them, theam, time, (Orm.) tæm & (error) tynne; pl. temes, etc. & teme(ne. |
Etymology | OE tēam |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A family, tribe; native stock; also fig.; barn ~, q.v.; (b) issue, offspring, progeny; also fig.; barn ~, q.v.; temen teme(s, to breed offspring, have children; (c) the capacity for childbearing; temes at-old, aged beyond childbearing; (d) fig. fulfillment; comen to god ~, to come to good fulfillment, come to good issue; (e) an associated group of persons, a troop; (f) a team of draft animals; hors and net and al the hole ~, fig. everybody; tol ~, law ?a fee for pasturing livestock; (g) a draft pole; the main beam of a plow; ~ lond, a piece or unit of arable land;—also coll.; thre temes lengthe, the length of three draft poles; (h) as a term of association for poultry or swans; (i) ~ ele, ?young eels used as food.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(OE) Bod.Aelfric OT (Bod 343)22/156 : Caines ofsprung..wearð adrenced on þam deope flode..& of ðam yfelæn teame ne com nan þing syððan.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)36/595 : I þi meiðhad temen dehtren & sunen of gasteliche teames.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5241 : Adelbold & adelbriȝt, adelred & alfred, Þis was a stalwarde tem & of gret wisdom & red.
- (a1333) Herebert My volk (Add 46919)19 : Ich egypte boeth uor þe, And hoere tem y shlou uor þe.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)136.9 : Mine, lauerd, ofe Edom sones, þat tem, In daie ofe Ierusalem.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)70 : Mesure ne mercy was none in hem, Suche schal þei haue and al her tem.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)4794 : Cassibolan was Androcheus eem, Luddes broþer of þat teem.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1922 : This child is come of gentill teme.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2415 : Ȝa mihhte ȝho..tæmenn hire tæm wiþþ himm Alls oþre wimmenn tæmenn?
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)30/486 : Hire laverd..cleopeð ham wunne & weolfule þe temeð hare teames.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)53/579 : He..wes iput sone ut of paraise selhðen; weox swa his team her ne mahte hit na mon tellen.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)172/25 : Drah to gedere al þe team under þe moder.
- ?1316 SMChron.(Roy 12.C.12)147 : David and his teem Reigneden in Jerusaleem.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)3432 : Al þes sal be of rebecca teme [Vsp: barn-teme].
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2346 : Darrie þe kyng was her em, Of his syster was þat tem.
c
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)125 : Þo understod þe holi man þat he was of michel elde, and his woreldes make was teames atold and unberinde.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)133 : God..ches two lif holi men him to fader and to moder þe weren boðe teames ateald.
d
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)5070 : Al was for I tolde a dreme þat now is comen to good teme.
e
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)6987 : Saladyn and his tem Was bytwene Jaffe and them.
f
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)776 : Hit berþ on rugge grete semes And draȝþ bi uore grete temes.
- c1300 SLeg.Lucy (Hrl 2277)129 : Stronge temes he let fecche of oxen menion.
- (1397) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.127 : [There is a moor..whereof the pasture with] tolletynne [?read: tolletyme] [is worth 8 marks yearly].
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.126 : Treuþe shal teche ȝow his tem [vr. tyme] for to dryue.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)22.262 : Grace gaf to peers a teome of foure grete oxen.
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)232 : A teeme off oxon.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)159/3 : Þe holy gost made here so hevy þat sche myght not be draw with many fold temes of oxin to þe bordelhous.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.2241 : Hors and neete and all the hoole teme, In eche mannes cofre they take an Inspeccioun.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)137/5023 : Þe kynge bade þat al maner þynge sholde be brouȝt before hym..gay horse trappid & araide in gold & syluer..grete themys of oxen, grete flokkys of sheepe.
- a1500 Terms Assoc.(3) (Lamb 306)233 : A teme of Oxen.
g
- (1344-5) Acc.R.Priory HTrin.Dub.(DubPRO)57 : In uno seem' virga. pro hartis & themes inde faciendis, pro carucis, iii d.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)858 : Trecters et temoun: Plowestryngges and tem.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.225 : A gret tre is i-hewe adoun and a party þerof i-kut fro þe stok and i-leide þre teme [vr. temene; L jugerum] lengþe from þe stok.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.309 : Kyng William..wolde wite..how moche lond everiche of his barons hadde..how meny teme lond [L carucatos], how meny townes and men, [etc.].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)8.177 : Iohn..took anon tribute of everiche teme lond [Higd.(2): hide of londe; L hyda, id est carucata, terræ] in Engelond þre schelynges.
- a1425 Roy.17.C.17 Nominale (Roy 17.C.17)665/20 : Tema: teme.
- (1466) Will York in Sur.Soc.30277 : Lego..bigam..cum jugis et teemes ferreis.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)125b : A Teme: temo.
h
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)232 : A teeme off signettes.
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)232 : A teeme off wyldigges.
- c1450 Trin-C.LEDict.(Trin-C O.5.4)579/39 : Educamen: a teme of checonn.
- a1500 Terms Assoc.(3) (Lamb 306)233 : A teme of Swannes.
- a1500 Terms Assoc.(3) (Lamb 306)233 : A teme of dokis.
i
- (1393) Acc.Exped.Der.in Camd.n.s.52217/22 : Clerico coquine..pro pikes et carpes..pro iiij troȝtes, xvj s..item, pro temele, j duc.
2.
Law [The original OE sense of teme as a step in a legal proceeding whereby one or more of the parties disputing the ownership of certain property refer to the original seller of the property as warrantor seems to have been lost even in the earliest ME documents. The following senses then evolved:] (a) the right, attendant upon ownership of land, to adjudicate cases of disputed ownership of property among one's tenants or bondsmen and to collect the forfeitures and fees arising from such cases;—usu. in lists of proprietorial rights and privileges; tol and ~; (b) the penalty for not producing a warrantor in a suit over disputed property; (c) ?the legal situation in which the owner of certain disputed property has no proof of ownership; (d) the offspring of one's serfs or bondsmen as a property right [prob. by confusion with sense 1.(b)].
Associated quotations
a
- (1100) Chart.St.Paul in RHS ser.3.5820 : Ic habbe geunnan Maurice bisceope þat bissceoperice on Lundone mid saca and mid soka and mid tol & mid teame & mid infangeneþeofe.
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.963 : Ðas land & ealla þa oðre þe lin into þe mynstre þa cwede ic scyr..saca & socne, toll & team & infangenþef.
- (1154-9) Cart.Ramsey in RS 79.1158 : Manerium de Waltona..cum soca et saca, et thol et theam et infangenetheof.
- (1155) Chart.Hen.II in Hall EME (Hrl Charter 3.B.49)12 : & saca & Socne on strande & on Streame, On wudan & on feldan tolles & theames, grithbriches & hamsocne & forstalles & infangenesthiafes.
- a1159(OE) Leges Edw.Conf.in Liebermann Gesetze 1647 : Archiepiscopi, episcopi, comites, barones, et omnes qui habent sacham et socha, tol et them, et infangenþef; etiam milites suos et proprios seruientes..sub suo friborgo habeant.
- (1189) in Rymer's Foedera (1816-69)1.46 : Ond wode ond felde, tolnes ond þeames.
- (1189) in Rymer's Foedera (1816-69)1.48 : Teneant terras suas cum socha & sacha, & tholl & theam.
- (1199) Chart.St.Paul in RHS ser.3.5837 : Teneant omnes terras & possessiones suas & tenementa sua ubique cum soka & saka & thol & theam & infangenethef & unfangenethef.
- (1228) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.7452 : Sok, sak, tol, tem, et mercatum in Rypon.
- a1275 Legal Gloss.Rothley126 : Them: Hoc est quod habeatis generacionem villanorum vestrorum cum eorum sectis et catallis ubicumque in Anglia fuerint inventi, [etc.; cp. quot. c1460].
- (1384) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.24 : [They have had chattels of felons, fugitives and persons condemned, with] wayves [and] strayes, sok [and] sak, tol [and] tem.
- (1400) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.19 : [Which farmers then possessed and had used in the said manor and hundreds view of frankpledge], sak, sok, tol, them, infangenthyff [and] houtfangenthyff.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.10/12 : Teme is that ȝe haue all auereyne of your bonde men, with here sute and catell, where-so-euer in Inglonde þey be i-founde, oute-take that if a bonde man quietely a yere and A day in oony towne pryvylegyd haue i-dwellyd so that in here communite..as a cytysyn haue be receyvyd, evyn þerwith fro his bondage is delyuered.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)535/23 : They shold hold hit al so worshipfully wele and pesibly, frely and quyetly, with tol and team, sok and sake, Infangetiethef, and all other customes and fredoms.
b
- 1130-35(OE) Leges Edw.Conf.in Liebermann Gesetze 1647 : Team: quod, si aliquis aliquid interciebatur super aliquem, et ipse non poterat warantum suum habere, erat forisfactura et iusticia; similiter de calumpniatore, si deficiebat.
c
- a1315 Legal Gloss.Glb.(Glb E.4)207 : Theam: Est la ou vn home ne put auer son garant de chose que il ad achate.
d
- (c1250) Plac.War.275 : Them, Aver progeny de ves humes.
- c1250 Legal Gloss.Jul.(Jul D.7)33 : Tem: Progenie de nos hummes.
- (?a1327) Doc.Gildh.Lond.in RS 12.3455 : Them..La generation de voz vileins.
- c1410(a1387) Legal Gloss.Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)95 : Somtyme Theam is i-cleped þe sewte of bonde men.
- a1475 Legal Gloss.Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)21 : The-am..is clepid þe sequelle of bounde men.