Middle English Dictionary Entry
tā̆bǒur n.
Entry Info
| Forms | tā̆bǒur n. Also taboure, tabor, tabur(e, taber, tabir, tabre, thabour; pl. tabours, etc. & tabourus, tabourris, taborus, taubores, tiboures & tapres. |
| Etymology | OF tabor, tabur, tabour & ML tabor, tabur, thabur; ult. Pers. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A drum; also fig.; ~ skin; (b) a small drum used on a festive occasion, at a revelry, etc.; ~ bete (beting); (c) a larger drum used in a processional; also, a drum used to rally military troops or to intimidate a foe; (d) a drum used by a fowler or hunter to flush game; also, a drum used to frighten horses; ~ stikke; (e) a drummer; yongling ~; (f) as surname.
Associated quotations
a
- ?c1335(a1300) Cokaygne (Hrl 913)137 : Whan þe abbot him iseeþ Þat is monkes fram him fleeþ, He takeþ [a] maidin of þe route And turniþ vp hir white toute And betiþ þe taburs wiþ is hond, To make is monkes liȝt to lond.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.2268 : Thanne shal this cherl with baly stif and toght As any tabour hider been ybroght.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)95a/a : Dropesie hatte tympanytes, for if þe wombe is I-smete, it sowneþ as a tabour oþir a tymbir.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)334b/a : Armonia rithimica is a sownyng melody & comeþ of smytyng of strynges and of tynkelyng or ryngyng of metal, & dyuers instrumentz serueþ to þis maner armony, as tabour & tymber, harpe and sautry & nakires.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)334b/a : Tympanum is leþer y-streiȝt to tre in þe oon side & half a tabour or half a symphony and is y-schape as a seoue and is y-bete with a stykke riȝt as a tabour.
- a1400 Throw hys hond (Ashm 41)15-16 : Als touit als any tabour skynne, our lord lay tyȝt on tente. Our lord lay touyd in tente j tyȝth, no tabour tiȝht So touȝht.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)65b/b : Timpanistria: a singare in trompe, or a tymber, or a tabre; Timpanum: a tymber or a tabur.
- c1450 Trin-C.LEDict.(Trin-C O.5.4)616/28 : Timpanum: a taber or a tymbre.
- a1500 Hal.Gloss.(Eg 829)6 : Timpanum: a tabor.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)28b/8 : If he swone and ligge as he slepte, awake hym with a gret sownde of trumpis and taborus and call hym hy by his name.
b
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)379/80 : At þis bruydale was plei i-nouȝh: song and gret hoppingue, Tabours and fiþele and symphanye.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.394 : Þer was trumpes & tabour, Fiþel, croude, & harpour, Her craftes for to kiþe.
- c1330 Body & S.(5) (Auch)p.28 : Whare be þine glewemen, þat schuld þe glewe Wiþ harp and fiþel and tabourbete?
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)149.3 : Herien hij his name in croude, and singen hij to hym in tabor and sautri.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.355 : Þey Scotlond, þe douȝter of Irlond, vse harpe, tymbre, and tabour, [etc.].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)184b/a : Þer is yherde song of lykyng melodie of pypes and tymbres, tabour and cymbals.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4769 : As Dauyd seyþ yn þe sautere, 'yn harpe, yn thabour, and symphan gle, wurschepe God; yn troumpes and sautre..wurschepe ȝe heuene kyng.'
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8992 : Karolles, wrastlynges..or syngynge, Or tabure bete, or oþer pypynge: Alle swyche þyng forbodyn es whyle þe prest stondeþ at messe.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2159 : Now rist grete tabour-betyng, Blaweyng of pypes, and ek trumpyng.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)64/805 : Þer was ioye and melodye..Of trompe, tabour, harpe, and crouþ.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)11385 : Many mynestrales..blewe trompe & clarioun, Harpes, pypes, & tabours..& oþere y-nowe, þat nemne y ne can.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)193/1259k : Thanne be-gynnyth nowe playe An hundrid mynstrelles in a rewe, Diuverse melodye for to shewe Of trumpis, tabours, and nakeres.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.1125 : The cupborde also with siluere must be spradde; And all is for her childre that so besily they laboure, No force of the soule—lete hym daunce with a taboure.
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)220 : At the departynge of Syr Perys de Brasyl and hys feleschippe was on manly man that purposyd to mete with my Lorde of Warwycke, that was a taberette, for he stode a-pon an hylle with hys tabyr and hys pype, taberyng and pyping.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)68 : Ther myȝth men here menstralcye, Trompys, taborus, & cornettys crye, Roowte, gyterne, lute, & sawtrye, Fydelys & oþyr mo; In Parys greet melodye They maden þo.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1851 : Of bellene and of tabours [Corp-C: tapres] so gret was þe soun Of eche manere gleo..þo he cam into toun, Þat man ne miȝt i-heore non oþur þing bote þe noise þat was so gret.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8166 : Þe cristinemen were nei to grounde ibroȝt, Of trompes & of tabors þe sarazins made þere So gret noyse þat cristinemen al destourbed were.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)8802 : Þe hote sonne was schininge, Þo bigan kniȝtes rideing, Trumpes beten, tabours dassing.
- c1330(?a1300) Rich.(Auch)118/63 : Trumpes ȝede in hys galye..Taboures & hornes sarzinays.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3813 : Alle maner menstracie maked was sone, of tabours and trumpes non miȝt þe number telle, And eiþer ost as swiþe fast ascried oþer.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3895 : On þe toun þay bute tabours faste & made noyse horryble.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)187/9 : In þat vale heren men often tyme..gret noyse as it were sown of tabours and of nakeres & of trompes.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)2907 : Richard..comaundyd hys men..To..beet on tabours and trumpes blowe.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)526 : Knyȝtes croysen hem-self, cacchen her helmys. With loude clarioun cry & alle kyn pypys, Tymbris & tabourris tonelande loude Ȝeuen a schillande schout, schrynken þe Jewes.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1385 : Now tenelis vp taburs and all þe toun rengis; Steryn steuyn vp strake; strakid þar trumpis.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)226 : A hyȝ fyre was þer bette þat þe Qwene sholde in brenne, And noyse was in þe cyte felly lowde, With trumpes and tabers whenne þey here vp token.
d
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)485 : Tabowre, for fowlarys: Terrificium.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.Cock (Hrl 2255)122 : Men with a tabour may lyghtly cacche an hare.
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)15b : Herodes..dede do bynde Seyn Ypolyte to hem [horses]..and dede don betyn tauborys among hem, for to make hem afrayd, for to al to-drawe hym.
- a1475 Hrl.Bk.Hawking in Studia Neoph.1612 : If he shall fly to the reuere, make him come to the tabur, and in this maner..lete hym bete þe tabre, and then with the betynge, lete him that hath the malard kast her up.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)1.58 : Men myȝtten as well haue hun[t]yd an hare with a tabre As aske ony mendis for þat þei mysdede.
- 1486 ?Berners Bk.St.Albans (Blades 1881)leaf d i/b : With yowre hande or with yowre tabur styke, becke yowre hawke to come to you..then smyte youre tabur..and make the fowle to spryng..and the hawke wyll nym it.
e
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)67.27 : Þe princes ioient com to-fore to þe synigand amiddes ȝounlinges tabores.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)134/4 : We shall dysgyse vs at yonde vyllege, and we shall goo in daunsyng with tyboures and with pypers.
- a1475 PPl.A(1) (Hrl 875)p.45 : Taberes & tomblers & tapesters fele.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)925 : Taborus and trompours, Herawdes, goode descouerou[r]s, Har strokes gon descrye.
f
- (1185) in Pipe R.Soc.34193 : Suein Tabor.
- (1204) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames342 : Adam Tabur.
- (1206) CRR(2) 4307 : Hugo Tabur.
- (1218-22) Chart.St.Paul in RHS ser.3.5889 : Ego..carta mea confirmaui..Hiis testibus: Hugone Tabur, tunc aldermanno warde.