Middle English Dictionary Entry
tabernācle n.
Entry Info
Forms | tabernācle n. Also tabernacil, -cul(e, -kle, -kel, -kil(le, -kile, tabirnacle, taburnakil, thabernacle. |
Etymology | OF tabernacle & L tabernāculum. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A movable dwelling place, tent, temporary hut; a pavilion; valei of tabernacles, Biblical Succoth, a site of uncertain location in the central Transjordan region; (b) feste of (solempnite of the) tabernacles, Sukkoth, the Jewish holiday during which tents are erected to commemorate the Biblical wanderings in the desert; (c) ?a booth, stall;—used as a term of association for bakers.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)77.32 : Hij fellen amiddes her castels and abouten her tabernacles.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.33.7 : Moyses, takyng a tabernacle, strauȝte it aferre out of þe tenntis, & he clepide þe name of it 'þe tabernacle of þe bonde of peese,' & all þe puple þat hadde eny questyoun ȝede oute to þe tabernacle of bonde of peese.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judith 14.4 : Þe dukes of hem coomen to gidere to þe tabernaclis of olofernes & fynden hym heuedid in his blood wrapped.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.59.8 : I shal gladen & deuyden siccymam; & þe valei of tabernaclis I shal mesuren.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.38.12 : My jeneracioun is taken awei, & al folden vp fro me, as a tabernacle of shepperdis.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.127 : Þese men haueþ noon hous, but walkeþ in wildernesse and woneþ in tabernacles and in teeldis and lyueþ by prayes and by venysoun.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2065 : Noe..to sem and Iaphet þan said..'Blissed bijs your tabernacle [Göt: tabernacil].'
- a1425 Methodius(1) (Hrl 1900)101/3 : Þe Lord byhiȝte to Ismael þat in þe regioun of his breþeren he schulde ficche tentis or tabernaclis.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)124/21 : To þe duke or prince..moot be made a pretorie, a place of principal dignite for him and for his erles; To þe tribunes moot be made tabernacules, or tentes.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)190/153 : We will make..A taburnakill vn-to þe..One schall to Moyses be, And to Ely the thirde.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)884 : The Maister or Provost of Ordynaunce..The bastilys, dich, & pale is to se, And wher the tabernaculys shal be, And tent & teelde & case & paviloun.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)2.287 : Thare ded, Abraham wente from Carra to Sichem, and afterwarde to Pentapolis, fixenge his tabernacle [Trev.: pauyloun] betwene Bethel and Hay.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)353 : Now al the tentis wern areised, and..sodainly thest wynde with suche a strength of blast aRos that al the tabernacles and other edifices, the more with the lasse..fil doun to grounde.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)723/3 : Tabernaculum: a tabernakylle.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.16.13 : Þe solempnyte of þe tabernaclis þou shalt halwe by seuene dayȝes.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Zech.14.16 : Alle that shuln be residu of alle folkis..shuln stye vp fro ȝeere in to ȝeer, that thei wirshipen the kyng, Lord of oostis, and halewe the feest of tabernaclis.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.103 : Þat was sich a feeste as we han in oure Chirche hoolyday, and it was clepid among þe Jewis a feeste of tabernaclis.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.270 : Þe laste was clepyd festum tabernaculorum, þat is to seye, þe feste of tabernaculys.
c
- a1450 Terms Assoc.(1) (Rwl D.328)604 : A franchype of Millers, a tabernacle of bakers, a festre of bruers.
2.
(a) The portable sanctuary of the Hebrews, used up to the time of the building of Solomon's Temple; one of the two sections into which this sanctuary was partitioned; also, the Temple of Solomon; also, the administrative support for the tabernacle [last quot.]; ~ of the bodi; ~ of witnesse (witnessinge, testimonie); (b) a portable shrine used in pagan worship.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3174 : Gold and siluer he hauen vt brogt, Ðe tabernacle dor-wið wurd wrogt.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)236/19 : Aaron and his children þet serueden ine þe tabernacle be-tokneþ þe ministres of holy cherche.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.27.21 : Comaunde to þe sonnes of yrael þat þei bryng to þe oyl of olyue trees..þat þe lantern brynn euermore in þe tabernacle of wyttnes with outen þe vayl.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Josh.18.1 : Alle þe sonys of Jrael been gedered in sylo, & þere þei piȝtyn þe thabernacle of wittnessynge, & þe lond was soget to hem.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.9.2,3 : The tabernacle was maad first in which weren candelstickis..aftir the veil..the secunde tabernacle, that is seid sancta sanctorum.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.13.10 : We han an auter of the which thei that seruen to tabernacle of the body han not power for to ete.
- a1400 12 PTrib.(1) (Roy 17.B.17)59 : God bad in þo olde lawe þat þai shulden couer þo tabernacle with seckis of heyris.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)75/9 : Lo, þe temple of þe tabirnacle of witnessinge was opened in heuene.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)832 : Þei gynne to brase Alle Moyses tabernacule, witȝ his instrumentis.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)287/3 : Figure of þis is writen Exodi 30: Þer was a vessell of bras..And þer-in shuld þe mynistres washen þer handes and þer fete a-fore þei entred in-to þe tabernacle.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)2013 : A tabernakyll þei toke to kepe godes arke ay clene.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)8.146 (v.1:p.90) : The Tabernacle of Testimonye was with your fadris in desert, liche as god disposed, spekyng to Moyses and biddyng that it shulde be made aftir thexemplarie shewid vnto hym aboue on the hille.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)167 : Þis dyrke schadow I bere of humanyte, That as þe tabernacull of cedar wythowt yt ys blake Ande wythine as þe skyn of Salamone full of bewty.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.190 : God bad þat in numbryng of þe peple euery man schulde payyn to his tabernacule half a sicle, þat was fyue pens.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Amos 5.26 : Ȝe han born tabernaclis to Moloch, ȝour god.
3.
(a) A dwelling place, habitation; a dwelling, an abode; also fig.; (b) a spiritual dwelling place, esp. the dwelling place of God; also, a heavenly mansion; also as epithet; (c) the body as the dwelling place of the spirit; also, the body of Christ or Mary as the dwelling place of God; also as epithet.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 12.6 : Þe tabernaclis of reueres abounden.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 21.28 : Ȝee seyn forsoþe where is þe hous of þe prince & where þe tabernacles of vnpitouse men?
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.22.16 : Þou heewe in an heeȝ a memorial besili in a ston a tabernacle to þee.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.24.20 : With shaking shal be toshaken þe erþe as a drunke man, & it shal ben don awei as þe tabernacle of oo nyȝt.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.32.18 : Sitte shal my puple in fairnesse of pes & in tabernaclis of trost.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.9.19 : We han forsaken þe lond, for þrowe doun ben oure tabernaclis.
b
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.101 : Þe beest..is ȝiuen leue to speken aloude, & to ȝiuen blastyng aȝeins god, & to blastengen his name & his thabernacle [F tabernacle] & hem þat wonen in heuen.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)14.1 : Lord, who shal wonen in þy tabernacle, oþer who shal resten in þyn holy hill?
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 18.21 : Þese þanne ben þe tabernacles of þe wicke man, & þis his place þat vnknowith god.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.60.5 : I shal dwellen in þi tabernacle in to worldis; I shal ben defendid in þe couerynge of þi wengis.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.8.2 : We han such a bischop, that saat to gidere in the riȝthalf of the seete of greetnesse in heuenes, mynistre of seyntis and of the verri tabernacle [Bible SNT(1): tabernakel], that God sette and not man.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)83/10 : Knowleche to God in goode werkis, and blesse God of worldes, þat he bilde aȝen his tabernacule in þe.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)3/23 : We aske þe, lauerd, wha in þi tabernakill sall wone.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)278/33 : O deuelis tabernacle, where is þe wacche of þe nyȝt þat schulde be wakid wiþ deuocyoun and dyuyn seruise?
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)46/24 : He seyd sche was Goddys owyn seruawnt, and also he seyd sche was þe tabernakyl of God.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)148/13 : Al that dreden godes preceptes be made the tabernacle, dwellynge place of god.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)67/1 : Our Lord..for his temporal goodys þat he spent in worchip of our Lord, schuld receyue him in-to euyr-lastyng tabernacles, as þe gospel berith witnesse.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)372/483 : Go thanne blyssid soule..my swete frende, tabernacle of Joye, vessel of lyf.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)26.9 : He hid me in his tabernakile, that is, in haly kirke..in the hid of his tabernakile, that is, in the priuete of his godhed.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.185 : God bad..þat men schulden makyn hem frendys of þe richesse of þis world þat þey myȝtyn receyuyn hem into endeles tabernaclis, þat is to seye, þat þey myȝtyn..ben receyuyd into blisse.
c
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)2 Pet.1.13-14 : I deme iust, hou longe I am in this tabernacle, for to reyse ȝou in monestinge..the puttyng off of my tabernacle is swift.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)110/11 : Goddis tabernacle is Cristis fleisch.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)6.9 : O blisfull quene..Of the holy goste rounde aboute ymurede That neuere brennyng of no flesshely hete Asayle myght thyn holy tabernacle.
- c1450 Heil be þou marie þe (Lamb 853)39 : Heil! tabernacle of þe trynyte!
- a1475 Regina celi and Lady (Pep 1236)39 : O clemens, castell of chastyte..Tabernakyll of the trynyte, Full tendere way thy trewe louyng.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.271 : In þis tabernacule he schal comyn aȝen at þe dom to demyn qwycke & dede.
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)1176 : Heil Mary..Thou chose of God..A tabernacle of the Trynyte.
4.
(a) An ornate canopied tomb, a canopied shrine; (b) a small canopied or roofed structure either freestanding within another structure or projecting from a wall; also, fig. a stage [2nd quot.]; (c) a canopied dais; (d) a canopied niche or recess in a wall, pillar, etc. designed to contain an image; (e) an ornamental representation of a canopied niche painted or embroidered on fabric; (f) an ornamental canopy; (g) fig. a shrine.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)466 : Brut let bringe an erþe wiþ honur inou & let vair tabernacle in honur of him rere.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3688 : Ilka tulke a tabernacle tildid was ouire, And þat was grauen all grayd of gilden platis.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5593 : Þan bilds he þare a berynes, þis beste in-to ligg..as it a schrine ware, A tombe as a tabernacle.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)187/32 : They sawe a beere..oon of hem..seide..'Beholdeþ the tabernacle of hire and what maner ioye she hathe that haþ trowbelyd vs and alle oure kynde.'
- ?a1525(?a1475) Mand.& Sultan (BodeMus 160)95 : Than the body they bryng unto that place, Wher he salle ly armet in his wede, In a tabernacle or a case.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8813 : When this taburnacle atyrit was tally to end, Thai closit hit full clanly, all with clene ambur.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)181 : Tombes opon tabernacles tyld opon lofte, Housed in hirnes harde set abouten.
b
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.688 : Deuised wern..In þe frountel of euery stretis syde Fresche alures with lusty hiȝe pynacles, And moustryng outward riche tabernacles Vowted a-boue like reclinatories Þat called werne deambulatories.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.3.88 : Artow now comen first, a sodeyn gest, into the schadowe or tabernacle [L scaenam] of this lif?
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)49/24 : In the myddes of the chirche is a tabernacle [F tabernacle], as it were a lytyll hows.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)49/28-9 : In the right syde of þat tabernacle is the sepulcre of oure lord, And the tabernacle is viij fote long & v fote wyde & xj fote in heghte.
c
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)35/412 : He went in-to þe kinges halle; Þan seiȝe he þer a semly siȝt, A tabernacle blisseful & briȝt. Þer-in her maister king sete.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)227,230 : In Cornhill..A tabernacle surmountyng off beaute Ther was ordeyned..Richely arrayed with ryall apparayle..This tabernacle..Was..Made ffor the lady callyd Dame Sapience.
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)174 : Whenne he come to the Condyte of Cornhylle, there was a tabernacule, and there yn syttynge a kynge whythe a ryalle aparayle.
d
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.51 : A fraternite was begonne..to mayntene and kepen an ymage of seynt Wylyam, standyng in a tabernakle in þe chirche of seynt Margarete of Lenne.
- a1400 Monk Sees Virg.(Eg 2810)34 : Sche fell doun on hir knees riȝte In presens of hire son, þat stode þare in a tabernacle gode.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.5618,5645 : Þei made firste..a litel oratorie..Where was set a riche receptacle Made in maner of a tabernacle..Þer wer degres..Attendyng vp fro..Where..þe resting was Of þis riche, crafty tabernacle.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1190 : Many subtil compassinges, Babewynnes and pynacles, Ymageries and tabernacles, I say; and ful eke of wyndowes.
- c1450(c1420) Proph.Becket (Hat 56)7 : Thomas to the werk went and ware was sone of a lovely image of oure lady..Sho was tired in a tabernacle, and noman of hir toke hede.
- c1450(1438) GLeg.St.Barth.(GiL116) (Eg 876)82/25 : Seint Bartilmewe the apostill with other seintez that hadden chirches in this citee..spekin and ordeine togederes to what peyne thei may be demed that haue take hem from her tabernacles.
- (?c1450) R.St.Edmund in Archaeol.42403 : ij new tabernacles to the ymages, ij base stones.
e
- (1448) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 1215 : A Chesebyll, the grunde of White Sylk wt Popynjays of gold, the Orfrayes of grene welvet wt ymages of gold yn tabernacles.
- (1458) Will York in Sur.Soc.30227 : Thomas..praith his seid executours that thai delyver to..William..a vestement of rede damaske with tabernacles and images in theym.
f
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)36.86 : Theke ymages..In the heȝghest place of Rome set weren they..and Aboven thike ymages two A Ryal Tabernacle Made sche tho, that non Reyn ne scholde Comen.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5645 : Oure bold kyng in Baliloun [read: Babiloun] nowe bildis vp a trone..All þe sete of þe sege was smaragdyns fyne..A tabernacle ouir þe trone tildid vp on loft.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1671 : For the souerayn hym selfe was a sete rioll, Pight full of perrieris & of proude gemys, Atyret with a tabernacle of Eyntayill fyn.
g
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)149/3 : Use ofte þis lesoun, and sei þat Seint Petur seide to Crist: 'Lord, good is þat we ben here; make we here þre tabernacules,' on in Cristis feet, anoþer in his hondis, þe þridde in his herte.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.5886 : Prestis ben..in her entent Of couetise verray receptacle And to possede eke þe tabernacle.
5.
A cupola, turret.
Associated quotations
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)463 : An olyfaunt yarmed came out at þe laste, Keuered myd a castel..A tabernacle in þe tour atyred was riche, Piȝt as a paueloun on pileres of seluere.
- c1450 In a tabernacle (Lamb 853)1 : In a tabernacle of a tour..y stood musynge on þe moone.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)80/35 : Þey..sette gret shotte of quilliuers..in the grettist bastelle of the olivauntis, which was solemply made by sotel artificers in wise of a curious tabernacle of grete defence.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)81/18 : Withyn the same tabernacle were þe maistirs of the lawe that sang the loovingis of king Dauid.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)83/7 : Caiphas..was in the tabernacle upon the stage that the gret olivaunt bare.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)168 : All was..Wiþ posternes in a pryuytie..Orcheȝardes and erberes..And a curious cros craftly entayled, Wiþ tabernacles y-tiȝt to toten all abouten.
6.
Eccl. A receptacle used to contain the pyx; also, a reliquary [last quot.].
Associated quotations
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)56/21,28 : In þat arke..was a vessel of gold full of Manna & clothinges & honournementes & the tabernacle of Aaron..and the Cercle of Swannes of heuene, with a tabernacle of gold & a table of syluer.
- (1449) Doc.in Privy Purse Eliz.York229 : A tabernacle well ywrought of sylver and over gilt..and above upon the point of the seyd tabernacle, a litel cross of silver and over gilt.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)88 : The hed stant þere on a auter þat day in a tabernacle of syluyr and gilt mad soo þat a man may lyft up certeyn part þerof and touche and kisse þe bare skul.
7.
A large, flat board.
Associated quotations
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ex.26.17 : In the sides of the tabernacle [Bod 959: table; L tabulæ] be there made two rabitis, with the whiche the to table be sett fast to the tother; and so in this manere alle the tablis shulen be greithid.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1402 : An ymage of oure lady..was peyntid vppon a table And afftirwarde..The ymage turnede into flesshe. And through the grace of God allemyght Hyt droppeth oyle bothe day and nyght Out of the plain tabernacle.