Middle English Dictionary Entry
swerven v.
Entry Info
Forms | swerven v. P. swerved, swarved & swarf, (early SW or SWM) swerf, swearf; pl. & ppl. swerved, swarved. |
Etymology | In form from OE sweorfan to file, scour; for sense cp. MDu. swerven to roam, wander & OFris. swerva to creep. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To go, depart; turn away, turn aside; also fig.; get up (out of bed); ~ aside (oute); (b) to stagger; move in a course which is not straight; of the lip of a wound: depart from a straight line; of the hand: be unsteady, swerve; ~ in line, of ropes: lose tautness, slacken; (c) of a sword, a blow from a sword: to glance, glance off; (d) to cause (the wits) to go astray; ~ awei, turn away (the countenance); ~ awei from, turn away (one's eye) from (sb.);~ from, guide (sb.) from (peril), direct away from; (e) to turn away from a course of action, a beloved object, etc.; ~ from, forsake (one's lady, service, love, etc.), desert; also, deviate from (one's truthfulness); ~ froward, turn away from (God).
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)115/1009 : Heo swarf [Bod: swearf; Tit: swerf; L migrauit] to criste uppon þe þreo a twentuðe dei of nouembres moneð.
- a1450(?1400) In blossemed buske (Dgb 102)82 : Thenketh the not it doth the good, Whan thou out of thy bed dost swerue?
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)20 : The Pardonere be-held the besynes..& a syde swervid.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.565 : At thy most nede þou shalt hem lacke, They woll lightly swerve and turne the bak.
- a1500 Add.Hymnal (Add 34193)446/55 : We prey the, lorde of mercy and grace..lett nott þe fende reioice hys Entirprise; Hys dedly dart thy mercy do venquyse..vs all conserufe, ffrome thy mercy that we ne flyte ne swerve.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2358 : Fast fro my felowes..I rode..And swaruyt out swiftly; might no swayne folo.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.168 : As a drunke man I swerve.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.232 : Riht so was This erthe set..That it may swerve to no side.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)192/12 : Þat oþer side of þe lyppe schal be vndersette þat it swerue nouȝt in puttynge in þe nedel.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)4629 : Ropes ryuereled [read: ryueled] & swerued in lyne.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1105/5 : I wente I had done welle, but my hande swarved.
c
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)9359 : Þe dint swarf and flei forbi.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)743 : Þat swerd on ys syde swarf.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)5615 : On ys schelde ful þe dent & endelonges he hym to-rent, ȝut gan he ferþer glyde; be ys iambeaus forþ he swarf & ys oþer spore þanne he carf Adoun riȝt by the hele.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)893/3 : Had nat the swerde swarved, sir Percyvale had be slayne.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)137 : But the swerde hadde swarved, he hadde ben deed for euer-more.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)195 : The swerde swarued be-twene the shelde and the nekke, and kyutte the gyge of the shelde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)5785 : Swordis with swapping swaruyt on helmes.
d
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.366 : He his yhe awey ne swerveth Fro hire, which was naked al.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1408 : Hire chere awei sche swerveth, And gan to wepe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.4569 : For bot a mannes wit be swerved, Whan kinde is dueliche served, It oghte of reson to suffise.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)33.532 : For he that I worschepe and Serve, From alle perylles he wele me swerve.
e
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.862 : Noman may togedre serve God and the world bot if he swerve Froward that on.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2406 : I mihte..Hire herte make forto swerve Withouten eny part of love.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1216 : Wofull prosperite Belongeth to the proprete Of love, who so wole him serve! And yit therfro mai noman swerve.
- a1450 Maidstone PPs.(Dgb 18)724 : Fro his seruice þat ȝe [vr. we] not swerue, The weye of truþe þan schul we gon.
- c1450 Dice(1) (Frf 16)97 : Ye loue and dryve so forth youre heuynesse That fro youre lady any wyse to swerve I dar wel seyn ye had wel leuer sterve.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.12 : A man ony tyme fro his trowthe to swerve, Hymsilf and his kynne doith grete shame.
- a1500 Add.Hymnal (Add 34193)469/54 : Ne..causen vs from thy seruys to swerve.