Middle English Dictionary Entry
bīen v.
Entry Info
Forms | bīen v. Also byȝe, byyn, bij, bi; buy(e; beye(n, beyn, be; biǧǧen, buǧǧen, beǧǧen; ibeȝen, byche. Forms: sg. 3 bīeth, bīþ, būð, beyeþ, bayþ, beið & biggeth; p. bo(u)ghte, boute, boust; ppl. i)bo(u)ght, i)bout, iboukt, boust, bofft, ibofte. |
Etymology | OE bycgan, bohte, boht & gebycgan. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
(a) To purchase (sth.), acquire by purchase; buy (a slave, etc.); ~ raunsum, pay for (the release of a prisoner); ~ ayen, buy back, reclaim; (b) ~ bargain, ~ of light chepe, to buy (sth.) at a bargain, buy cheaply; ~ dere, buy at a high price, sell for or cost much; ~ god paniworth, get one's money's worth; ~ and borwen, buy on credit; ~ the time, pay interest.
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1013 : Bohte þa þær..æt þe muneces..Florentines lichaman eall buton þe heafod to v hundred punda.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15825 : To biggenn & to sellenn Þa þingess, þatt menn sholldenn þær Offrenn Drihhtin.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)28/455 : Beateð þe..as his ibohte þrel.
- a1300 Trin-C.Prov.(Trin-C O.2.45)7 : Ne bigge [L emat] no man cat, bute he iseo þe clifres.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)130 : Þis chapmen biholdeþ Iosep..& Iosep to begge swiþe lef hem is.
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)224 : Half a pound, to bien [vr. to bygge with] spicerie.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.341 : Þow hast no good..to bygge [B: gete] þe with a wastell.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Lev.25.30 : Who sellith his hows..if he bigge not aȝen [WB(2): aȝenbieth; L redemerit]..the bigger shal welde it.
- a1425(?a1400) Penny (Glb E.9)31 : He may by both hevyn and hell.
- c1430 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/2)p.63 : Þylke..þat holdeþ or begget [WinHRO W/A3/1: byggeth; F achatent] get, shepe [etc.].
- (1446) Acc.Yatton in Som.RS 483 : For wex bowte agen Esterne.
- (1447-8) Acc.Yatton in Som.RS 486 : Vor mater ybowyete to the weste dore.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)1395 : To byche hem somme particulle of þat releke; & two þowsonde shyllyngus by hym þey sent.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)394 : Mi raunnsum is all redy boȝte.
- (1461) LRed Bk.Bristol1.17 : Noo..Burgeys of our said Towne schold bye withynne the same any merchaundysze of any other persone not beyng Burgeys.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)195/28 : Þat hows..þe whych he bowhte of william fitz Osebert.
- (1485-86) Acc.Ashburton in D&CRS n.s.158 : For wex i-bofte & made ayense Cristmas, 14s. 6d.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)98/33 : When Iacob..herd þat þer was corn to byen yn Egypte, he send [etc.].
- a1500 Theoph.(RwlPoet 225)p.14 : Þu art myn, bothe sold & bouȝt.
b
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8011 : He nolde þer of noȝt..bote it were ouerdere yboȝt.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1246 : Salues haþ he soft And drinkes þat er liþe; Þai no rouȝt hou dere it bouȝt.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)90 : Charite is a guod chapfare þet oueral wynþ..alle guode paneworþes hy bayþ.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)926 : Þou sal bij þi bred ful dere.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.429 : Ȝif I bigge and borwe it [vr. auȝt], but ȝif it be ytailled, I forȝete it as ȝerne.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)6.96 : He bouhte suche a bargayn, he was þe bet euere.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.247 : Ich lenede folk þat lese wolde a lippe in eche noble..So what bern of me borwed, he bouhte þe tyme.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)36/24 : Take suilke als man may finde in þe cuntre and of liht chepe bie.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Pseudo-F.(Dub 245)317 : Who shulde not bye dere siche preyeris, siþ þei bryngen men swiftliche to heuene?
1b.
(a) Intransitive. To make purchases; ~ parcel-mele, buy piece-meal; ~ and sellen, engage in trade; (b) transitive. bien and sellen, to trade (sth.); (chiefly in passive, ben bought and sold),to treat (sth.) disrespectfully or corruptly, as if it were merchandise; to hold (sb., someone's life) as disposable or forfeit.
Associated quotations
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)213 : Þat is ure alre wune þe biggeð and silleð.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)53 : Þanne micthe chapmen..baldelike beye and sellen.
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)355 : Sumtime were chapmen that treweliche bouhten and solde; And nu is thilke assise broke.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)215/7 : He wrek þo þe zyalde and boȝte ine þe temple.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)46/1287 : He..bet out..Þo þat bouȝte and sealde ine godes hous.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.104 : Noman ne miȝth bugge ne selle bot ȝif he had þe merk of þe beeste oiþer of his name.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 17.28 : Thei eeten and drunken, bouȝten and seelden, plantiden and byldeden.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1493 : Now goth this marchant faste and bisily Aboute his nede and byeth and creaunceth.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)3.81 : To þe pore peple þat parcel-mele buggen.
- (1422) Plea & Mem.in Bk.Lond.E.125/116 : He byeth and sellith..& payeth neither lotte ne scotte.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)139/42 : Some haue double weightes..one forto bigge wiþ, anoþer forto sille with.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)103 : Non regratour in the forseid fyssh market beye of an other regratour for to selle forth in the same market.
- (c1448) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)294 : Yf eny of the sayd Felashepe Beye or selle..for any straunger or Alyente.
- (1467) LRed Bk.Bristol1.19 : That ye suffre..the seid Burgeises..to bye and selle withynne our seid Towne..as they have done here to foore.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.55.37a : Y neiþer bye ne selle, ne haue no werldi bisinesse.
b
- a1250 Orison Lord (Lamb 487)185 : Nis he fol chapmon þe buþ deore a wac þing and for forsakeþ a deorwurþe þing þet me beodeþ him for naut?
- c1330 Roland & V.(Auch)838 : Smite ich eft on siþe, Þi liif is bouȝt & seld.
- a1350 Flem.Insur.(Hrl 2253)3 : Lustneþ, lordinges..of þe freynsshe men..hou þe flemmysshe men bohten hem ant solde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14739 : Amang þir men..War summe þat duues boght and sald.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)3/79 : Ȝif a woman maryd schal be, Anoon sche schal be boȝt and sold.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)6039 : His liue was nigh boght and sold.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)420/449 : Thus schall þe sothe be bought and solde.
- c1450 How mankinde dooþ (Lamb 853)23 : Quod desteine, 'he is bouȝt & soolde.'
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.293 : By hym many Regions be bought and solde ffor synguler desire of syluere and goolde.
2.
(a) To acquire (sth.) by effort or work; ~ liflode, earn a living; ~ a husbond, obtain a husband through dowry; obtain (a book); ~ dere, harde, acquire with great effort, pay dearly for (sth.); ~ lightliche, acquire easily; (b) to acquire, earn, or merit (salvation, fame, wisdom, etc.); secure (salvation for sb.); dere bought, hard-won, dearly paid for; incur (punishment).
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)8/95,101 : Ha lickið honi of þornes; ha buggeð al þet swete wið two dale of bittre..As gentile wummon..þe nabbeð hwerwið buggen ham brudgume o nont ham.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)106a : Me buð lihtliche þing þet me luueð lutel.
- a1250 Orison Lord (Lamb 487)185 : We..buggeþ worldles froure wiþ moni sori teone.
- ?a1300 Þene latemeste dai (Dgb 86)p.100 : Me wille soupen win nou aniȝt mid þat þou bohut.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)91 : Þe loue of herte, þet is þe godes peny huer-mide me bayþ alle þe guodes of þe wordle.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7055 : For þrytty pounde þat he boghte [F achaté].
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1529 : Þat Priamus..get her not ageyn, But he hir bye with many dedly wounde.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2737 : May no man have good, but he it by. A man loveth more tendirly The thyng that he hath bought most dere.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7109 : Ther nas no wight in all Parys That he ne myghte bye the book, To copy if hym talent tok.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)510 : Lat neuer þis faiþles folke with fiȝt vs wynne Hors ne harnays, bot þey hit hard byen.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)9 : I selle þe money þat þe toþer man bieþ, as I bye þing þat þe toþer selliþ.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)4840 : Iosephes breþer comen in fer, At hym liflode forto by.
- c1550(?a1475) Lament.Sinner (Rwl C.813)44 : I suffer mony sharpe shoures, and by thys bargeyn wondere dere.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15969 : He selleþþ Haliȝ Gast forr fe & biggeþþ hellepine.
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)65 : Ech mon mid þet he hauet mei buggen [vrr. biggen, beggen] houene riche.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1619 : Wið swucche þu schalt buggen ant biȝeoten þe endelese blissen.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)41a : Golthord is goddede þe is to heouene ieuenet, for me hit buð þerwið.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)50b : Worltliche men buggeþ deorre helle þen ȝe doð þe heouene.
- a1300 Worldes blis ne last (Rwl G.18)46 : Him-self he gaf for þe in pris, to buge þe blis.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)352 : A man shal sulle al þat he haþ..ffor to bygge godes lawe and heuene-riche blis.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)160 : A murie lyf..worþ ibouht wel dere.
- 1372 In bedlem is (Adv 18.7.21)68 : Þat sorwe suffrede he for vs, Oure blisse for to byȝe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.639 : A man to beie him pes Behoveth soffre as Socrates.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)25/13 : Whanne ȝe ȝeueþ a lytel what to þe kyng, ȝe biggeþ ȝoure owne sauacioun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.5294 : Sithen we..May byen pes finally wiþ golde.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.8.49 : With how mochel woldestow han bought the fulle knowynge of thys.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.6.303 : Many other folk han bought [L emerunt] honourable renoun of this world by the prys of glorious deth.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)190 : Þis seid frendschip may be bouȝt wiþ vertuose moral dedis.
- a1450(?c1405) Mannys soule (Dgb 102)118 : Repentaunce mot mercy byȝe.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1752 : That is dere boght honour.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)46/14 : Noon grace is bouȝte of god; but eche grace is frely ȝouun of god.
- a1500 Whos conscians (Cmb Ii.3.26)205 : Aqueyntanse of lordschip..furste or laste dere hit woll be bowght.
3.
(a) To secure or obtain (sth.) by unethical means; secure (an office) by bribery; (b) to bribe (sb.), illicitly secure the favor of; (c) to secure (someone's good-will), as by offering alms, paying ransom; (d) to bring about or commit (an offense); (e) ~ out, to dispossess (sb.), as by forced purchase; (f) ~ up, to corner the market in (some commodity), buy up.
Associated quotations
a
- a1350 Ne mai no lewed (Hrl 2253)44 : Nou wol vch fol clerc..Wende to þe bysshop ant bugge bayly.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.151 : Heo [Meed] Buggeþ with heore Iuweles; vr Iustises heo schendeþ.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.783 : Symonye is cleped of Simon Magus, that wolde han boght for temporel catel the yifte that god hadde yeuen..to Seint Peter.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27837 : Symoni, Als gastli thing to selle or byi [Frf: bi].
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.177 : Men shulden not bie þis office, ne take no mede of þe peple to traveile þus in Cristis name.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)360 : [Dominicans] biggeþ [vr. beggen] hem bichopryches wiþ bagges of golde.
b
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5048 : Sich [women] that arn worth right nought, That for money wole be bought.
c
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)137 : Ðenne bið þes monnes wile ibeht mid þere elmisse.
- a1200(?OE) Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)157 : He bihð þer mide here word [L populi fauor emitur].
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7056 : He shal in prisoun dye, But if he wole oure frendship bye.
d
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1368 : Gold & seoluer, god hit is; An noþeles, þar mid þu miȝt Spusbruche buggen & unriȝt.
e
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7778 : Me boȝte [Trin-C: broute] is out wiþ wou.
f
- (1464) RParl.5.567a : The seid people..have come into this Londe..and bought up, by the handes of their Gardes, Hostes, and Guydes, the grete and chief stuffe of Englissh Hornes unwrought of Tanners and Bochers.
4.
(a) To redeem or 'buy back' (the first-born, first-fruit, etc.) by substituting a monetary payment for an in-kind sacrifice [ult. derived perhaps from Leviticus 27]; ~ ut, ~ ayen; (b) to redeem or 'buy back' (one's donated property from the Church) by offering alms.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)7879 : Þe laȝheboc Badd Issraæle þeode Aȝȝ biggenn ut unnclene deor Wiþþ fife wehhte off sillferr.
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)6/26 : So com þe day þat Marie schulde..offren her childe to God and biggen hym aȝein of þe prestes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6812 : Þe first o scep and kou, Þe barn þat yee til offrand bring, Bes boght [Göt: ȝe bi] a-gain wit oþer thing.
b
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)280 : God licencid to ech persoon of the lay party forto ȝeue bi vow to the preestis..his feeld and his hous..and if he for deuocioun wolde not bigge aȝen hem [etc.].
5.
(a) To deliver or free (sb.) by paying a fee; ransom (a hostage), ~ out; (b) to liberate (a prisoner); deliver (sb. from hardship, paganism); free (sb. from the Devil); redeem (oneself); ~ out; ~ bote, give satisfaction (for sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4799 : Gudlac ledde forh þa wifmon swiðe fæire, & he heo bohte swiðe deore; bruken he heo þohte.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10207 : Hor maistres hom out bouȝte.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21439 : Þai wald haf all again him boght, Bot grant o ju þan gatt þai noght.
b
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)382/214 : Buye out Thomas of prisone..þat he ne a-spille.
- c1390(?a1300) Stations Rome(1) (Vrn)12 : Heþene hit [Rome] was..Til petur and poul hit hedde I-bouȝt [vr. bowȝt]..with heore blode.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)4.76 : And he amendes make, let Meynprise him haue, And beo borw of his bale and buggen him bote.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9812 : Þys bapteme..fro þe fende..byeþ þe fre.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)129.8 : He sal bie [WB(1): aȝeen bie; L redimet] Irael Ofe alle his wicednesses.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.13.61b : He þat hauith mysdon hath no thing to bye him self..for the trespace.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)306 : Pirati .. hade taken the sone of a gret myȝty man, and brouȝt him to þe prison of þe Emperour, faste y-bounde. This yong man wrote to his fadir, praying him to bey him out.
6.
Theol. Of Christ: (a) to redeem or save (mankind, etc.); ~ ayen, ~ fre; (b) to free or save (man from damnation, hell); -- with from, (out) of phrase; (c) to restore (man to the joys of heaven): to restore (sth.); -- with (un)to, til phrase.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)19 : Þet þet ear us bohte deore.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)588 : For him þat..schadde his blod, To bigge ous alle fre.
- a1350 Harrow.H.(Hrl 2253)11/110 : Wendest þou ich were ded for noht? þourh my deþ ys monkune boht.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2083 : God..wiþ his blod bouȝt me on þe rode.
- (c1391) Gower CA Suppl.(Hnt EL 26.A.17)5. *1785 : To begge mannes soule aȝein.
- c1410 Chaucer CT.Pard.(Hrl 7334)C.501 : Til crist had bought out [vr. us] wiþ his blood agayn.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)164/68 : Goddys son..Is born to bye mankende.
- a1500 Add.Hymnal (Add 34193)444/8 : Cryst þat lyst reydeme vs all and bye.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12643 : Ure Laferrd Crist, Þatt bohhte uss ut off helle.
- c1300 Assump.Virg.(1) (Cmb Gg.4.27)193 : In rode ydon, Man to bigge fram þe ded.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)113 : God tok mans kynd for his sake And..with his blode boght him agayne Til þat blisse fra endeles payne.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)1/25 : He wolde..suffre passioun..for to bye & to delyuere vs from peynes of helle.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)496 : Þat bouȝt vs fram [vrr. fra, of, out of] bale.
c
- c1390 Chart.Abbey HG (Vrn)362 : Þat we mowe come to þat Ioie and to þat blisse þat Ihesu Crist bouȝte vs to.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)25618 : Giue us ioi for euer mare, þat þou us vnto [Frf: to vs; Göt: vs to] boght.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)738 : I hope seur ben of þat place, whiche þat þi mercy boght vs haþ vnto.
- a1450 Adam our fader (Sln 2593)42 : A chyld ther xuld be born..To beye ayyn that Adam sold.
- c1450 Bi a forest (Lamb 853)46 : His fair body to þe iewis was solde To bie oure synful soulis to blis.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)58/12 : He xal..suffyr deth and bye us to his blysse.
7.
(a) To pay the penalty for (an offense, etc.), pay or suffer for; ~ on (one's) flesh; also, ~ for (an offense); ben bought, be paid for, i.e. avenged; (b) to atone for (sin), make amends; ~ out, ~ penaunce.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)883 : To deþe he hem alle broȝte; His fader deþ wel dere hi boȝte.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2460 : Nu beyes he his olde blame.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.380 : His Angres engreliche he boghte.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2066 : Unkindely for thou hast wroght, Unkindeliche it schal be boght.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.167 : I was aboute to wedde a wyf, allas! What sholde I bye [vrr. beye, buy, by] it on my flessh so deere?
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)96 : Euery day..We synne; þat shal we bye [vr. a beyȝe] ful soure.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13849 : Qua þis couenand haldes noght, þat it be dere apon him boght.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16962 : Vr sinnes..Ful dere on him he boght.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)16.304 : Dives in his deyntes lyuynge..now he buyeþ hit ful bitere: he is a beggere of helle.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1759 : Þu sall by for þis dede.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3844 : Ful dere it shal be bouȝt, Þe deth of hym.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)753 : Traytoure, þou sall by!
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4865 : If þai might be..of mayne strenght, We mut bye it full bitterly, þe baret we make.
- c1450 Siege Troy(1) (ArmsAr 22)103 : But his wordis ben dure y-bouȝt [vr. abouȝt], Euery man wol set ous at nouȝt.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)470 : The dynte shall be full dere bought.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)7873 : Þuss birrþ himm..biggen ut att Drihhtin swa All hiss unnclene dede þurrh rihht shriffte.
- a1425 Maidstone PPs.(Add 10036)151 : Cryst..That mannes synne haþ dere ybouȝt [Vrn: abouht].
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)122 : When þai hafe þus boght [Tit: payed] þaire penaunce.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)23.596 : That I do bigge my synne, Ere than I Owt Of this world twynne.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)435 : Whanne he may bie his synne þus liȝtly.
8.
To suffer (hardship, etc.) innocently or unjustly; pay for (one's beauty, love); suffer because of (someone else's actions); ~ with wo.
Associated quotations
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)1388 : Corn..makede feste merie..Rymenhilde hit dere boȝte.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2086 : Hir wordes dere y bouȝt, To marke hye bileiȝe me.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.293 : This sely mayde is slayn..Allas, to deere boghte she beautee.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.894 : Fuloften have I boght The lie, and drank noght of the wyn.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.116 : Dauid..Leue alle þis foly..þin heyres salle it by.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.810 : What! many a man hath love ful deere ybought!
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)878 : That ȝe or blynd, I by with wo.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)108 : Lord!..Wy of þe fyrst man bye [Dgb: bey] we þe vyolence?
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.177 : Danyel seyde to þe kyng Nabugodonosor: 'Peccata tua elemosinis redime..Beye awei þi synnys with elmessis.'
Note: Phrase: ~ awei
- a1350 Wer þer ouþer (Rwl D.913)4 : Wer þer..in þis toun ale..isch hit wolde biegge to lemmon myn.
Note: Need date
Note: Sense 1.(a)--per MJW
Note: No other exx. of bien to, buy (sth.) for (sb.)--per MJW
- a1300(OE) Deed Crediton (CotR 2.11)115 : And þar hich be-ȝeth of souentine archebischobes to þousent daȝes to ȝiuenisse of hure sinna [for] alle þane ministre criditones aȝinneras an[d] godieras of bute hende heuereche day to-comende an[d] the worke bi-trende.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)7.167 : Pers..with a Benene Bat I-bot hem by-twene.
Note: New spelling
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1400 Trin-C O.9.39 Recipes (Trin-C O.9.39) 15/12,14 : Ȝif þat þu schalt bye eny manere of lapis lazuli..assaye hyt first eer þat þu bye hit, with þe most veray assay þat longeþ þerto.
Note: Additional quote, sense 1.(a).