Middle English Dictionary Entry
strō̆nd(e n.(1)
Entry Info
| Forms | strō̆nd(e n.(1) Also strand(e, stron(e & (early) straunde, (infl.) stronden, stranden & (in place names) stranda, stran-, straun-, strain- & (errors) strowde, srand. |
| Etymology | OE strand, LOE (in names) stranda, stran. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
(a) Land abutting on the sea, a river, or other body of water, a shore, bank, coast; also fig.; bi strete and ~, in lond in (and) ~, in every place; (b) in cpds. & combs.: forest ~, a wooded shore; se ~ [OE sǣ-strand], water ~, seashore; to the ~ ward, toward the shore; (c) pl. the waters near a coast [cp. L litora, but could also be construed as strond(e n.(2) 1.(d)].
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19450 : Off heffne cumenn Godess Gast Inn aness cullfress like Uppo þe Laferrd Jesu Crist, Þær he stod o þe strande, Þær he was fullhtnedd i þe flumm.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4862 : To Tottenas heo come, strahten scipen to þan londe, & eoden uppen stranden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8499 : Heo comen to Alæban, þat is a wælle inne Wælsce londe..þa cnihtes hine funde þer he sat bi þan stronden [Otho: brimme].
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)6/107 : Þou scald to stron go And þine feren also; To schip ye schulen stonnde An sinken to þe grunde.
- 1314(1053-8) Chart.in Kemble Codex Dipl.4.221 : Ic ciðe eow ðæt Urk min huskarl habbe his strand, eall forne gen hys agen land..upp of sæ and ut on sæ, and eall ðæt to his strande gedryuen hys.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2717 : He fel dun in dedes bond, And moyses drug him to ðe strond, And stille he dalf him [in] ðe sond.
- c1330 St.Greg.(Auch)69/281 : Fast þai drowen to þe lond Wiþ ores gode..Þabot com opon þe strond Þe fischers ȝif he miȝt se.
- a1350 Opon a somer (LdMisc 108)23 : I stalked be þe strem & be þe strond, ffer I be þe flod fond A bot doun be a lond; So passede I þe pas.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.63 : Of þe clyues and strondes [L a vicinis littoribus] of þe Reed see is i-gadered vermylon and rede precious stones.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.21 : In londe, in [vr. and] stronde, Wel wyde men spekeþ of Engelonde.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.825 : Toward hir ship she wente..and knelyng on the stronde [vrr. sonde; grounde], She seyde, [etc.].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)209a/b : Trees þat groweþ by stronde of salt [L ri pas marium salsorum] groweþ nouȝt faste for moche sond and grauel..þat is y-drawe.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)152 : Abowte me con I stote and stare; To fynde a forþe faste con I fonde, Bot woþez mo iwysse þer ware, Þe fyrre I stalked by þe stronde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.318 : He ful cruelly Made his men to burye hym priuely..Be-syde a see depe vnder a stronde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6194 : Diane liked no þing wel Þat þe Grekis durst..be bolde to parte fro þe stronde In-to þe se..And do to hir no maner sacrifise.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.7.56 : Hercules caste adoun Antheus the geaunt in the strondes [L harenis] of Libye.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)537 : I haue hym tysyd in euery londe; Hys Goode Aungel, be strete and stronde, I haue don hym forsake.
- ?a1450(1422) Lydg.SD (McC 182)57/16 : Iulius..restreyned his oste and made hem to picche here tentis endelonge þe stronde vpon þe hyndere parties of þe Ryuer.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3066 : Sire Dary..Gaes..vn-to þe grete burne, Fand it frosen..His folke fellis all þe flode a forelange o brede, Þe streme fra þe a strande streȝt to þat othire.
- c1450 Cato(2) (Sid 63)587 : To seile is sekerer be þe strande þan in þe tempest fer seilande.
- (1453) Doc.in Gilbert Cal.Dublin 1279 : The suynerd of the towne shulde not suffre the swyne to cum into the strone of the said cite on the one party of the watir ne of the other.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1011/12 : He cam by a stronde and founde a shippe withoute sayle other ore.
- a1500(?a1410) Lydg.CB (Lnsd 699)261 : Ech þing drawith vn-to his semblable: Fissh in the see, bestis on the stronde, The eyr for fowlis of natur is covenable.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)32/37 : Who inordinatly yeveth away his goodes and richesse, he shall sone come to the bitter strone [Lambeth: riuale; Abbrev.Trip.: cost; L Littora] of pouertee.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)837 : I wyll wende on the stronde Ferr into a nodur londe.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9300 : Uppen þere sæ-stronde Tintaieol stondeð; he is mid sæ-cliuen faste biclused.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)88/1547 : Horn tok rymyld by þe hond And ledde hire by þe se strond.
- a1350 Flem.Insur.(Hrl 2253)6 : Betere hem were at home in huere londe þen forte seche flemmysshe by þe see stronde.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)25/544 : Iboren ich was in Ingelonde, At Hamtoun, be þe se stronde.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.111 : Þe messangers..mette wiþ Antiochus wandrynge on þe see stronde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1169 : Whan the blake wynter nyht..Bederked hath the water Stronde, Al prively thei gon to londe.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)1409 : And ȝe meten be þe see stronde Schyppys off ony oþer londe, Þo Crystene men..Looke no goodes ȝe hem beneme.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)53 : This worthy Sowdon..Shope him to grene woode to goon..He roode tho vppon a fforeste stronde..Seynge a Dromonde com sailyng in þe see, Anone he charged to bekyn him with honde To here of him tidinges newe.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)2042 : Oute at the wyndowe lepte he þan Vppon the salte see strowde [?read: stronde].
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)3138 : Walkyng to the Strondward, wee bargeynyd by the wey.
- a1500 Bevis (Cmb Ff.2.38)23/515 : They arevyd at þe see stronde.
c
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.8.18 : Men knowen..which watir haboundeth moost of reed purpre..and knowen whiche strondes [L litora] habounden most of tendre fysches.
1b.
Law The shore in contrast to land not abutting on the sea, rivers, etc., or in contrast to the sea, rivers, etc.; -- used in formulaic expressions of the extent of a liberty: (a) bi ~ and bi lond, bi lond and bi ~, etc.; (b) on ~ and on strem, bi water and bi ~, etc.; (c) ~ and den (?dene), den (?dene) and ~, the fisherman's right to use the shore and inlets.
Associated quotations
a
- 1208 Chart.R.Tower184a : Habeant..omnia predicta..cum soka & saca..& cum aliis consuetudinibus legibus & libertatibus suis..bilaunde & bistraunde.
- 1241(1100) Chart.St.Paul in RHS ser.3.5820 : Ic habbe geunnan Maurice bisceope þat bissceoperice on Lundone mid saca and mid soka..binnan burc & butan, big strande & big lande, on tide & of tide.
- a1300(?1058-1066) Chart.in Kemble Codex Dipl.4.207 : Ich uulle ðæt se abbod beo his saca wurþe and his soca, and tol and team..binne porte and bute, beo londe and beo stronde.
- a1300(1062-6) Chart.in Kemble Codex Dipl.4.192 : Ic nelle..ðat ðær any man any onsting habbe on any þngen..be strande ne bi lande buton se abbod.
- ?a1325(1229) Liber Cust.Lond.in RS 12.2672 : Concedimus..eis quod sint quieti de theolonio et passagio et omni consuetudine, per totam Angliam et Normanniam, per terram et per aquam, per ripam maris, by lande and by strande.
- a1350 Cart.Ramsey in RS 79.1220 : On ilke stede, bi lande and bi strande, bi wode and bi felde, swa þilk man swa þe sokne, aghe Seint Benet habbe his fredom on alle thinge.
b
- (1154-64) MSS Verulam in HMC1 : Sciatis me concessisse Deo et ecclesiæ Sancti Albani et Abbati et Monachis omnes terras suas, cum socha et sacha, on strande et streame, on wode et felde.
- (1155) Chart.Hen.II in Hall EME (Hrl Charter 3.B.49)12 : Ic hebbe heom geunnon..saca & Socne on strande & on Streame, On wudan & on feldan.
- (a1189) in Rymer's Foedera (1816-69)1.46 : Ego Henricus, Dei gratia Rex Angl', concedo & confirmo..cum socne & sac, ond strande ond streame, [etc.].
- 1199 Chart.R.Tower24b : Nolum vobis fecimus nos concessisse arch. Cant. & monachis omnes terras quas tempore H.R. predecessoris nostri..habuerunt, & socc', sacc', an strondes an stremes, on wudes & feldes.
- (1267) in Rymer's Foedera (1816-69)1.471 : Concedo etiam eis quod ubicumque ierint in mercationibus suis, per totam terram nostram Anglie & Normannie..by water and by stronde, by wode and by londe, quieti sint de tolneyo.
c
- 1205 Chart.R.Tower153a : Habeant srand [read: strand] & den apud Gernemue.
- (1278) Charter in Jeake Charters Cinque Ports (1728) [OD col.]12 : Habeant Den & Strond apud magnam Jernemouth.
- (1314-15) RParl.1.332a : Item, prefati Barones..debent, ut afferunt..Regalem Justitiam in Villa de Gernemuth' tempore Ferie, una cum Ballivo..Ville..videlicet, cognitionem Assise panis..Ponderum, & aliarum Mensurar', Et similiter Voide Strand & Denne, secundum Consuetudines suas usitatas.
- (1331) Charter in Jeake Charters Cinque Ports (1728) [OD col.]13 : Quils ayount lowr eysementz en Strande & Den saunz appropriement del soil.
- (1423) RParl.5.405a : Habeant Den & Strand apud Gernientham.
2.
A country, land, region.
Associated quotations
- 1372 Als i lay vpon (Adv 18.7.21)2 : Als i lay vp-on a nith I lo kede vp-on a stronde, I be-held a mayden brith, a child sche hadde in honde.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.13 : Than longen folk to goon on pilgrymages, And palmeres for to seken straunge strondes [vr. londis], To ferne halwes kouthe in sondry londes [vr. strondis].
- c1450(?a1400) Roland & O.(Add 31042)1215 : With mekill myrthe & Solempnytee He rydes thurgh-owte þe toun; An hundrethe knyghtes of Turkeye Bare his Mawmettis hym by And paste ouer that strande.
- a1500 Parton.(1) (Add 35288)7839 : I toke my shippe and wente to see To haue passed many a straunge lande And to se þe wondres in many a stronde.
3.
In surnames, names of churches, and place names [see Smith PNElem.2.162].
Associated quotations
- [ (1086) in Ekwall Dict.EPN337 : Othestranda. ]
- [ (1086) in Ekwall Dict.EPN402 : Sistran. ]
- (c1130) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.191 : Strantun.
- (1185) EPNSoc.18 (Mid.)173 : Stronde.
- (c1190) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.191 : Straintune.
- (1200-1222) EPNSoc.5 (North Riding Yks.)111 : Wytebistrand.
- (1219) EPNSoc.18 (Mid.)173 : Stranda.
- (1266) Close R.Tower 299 : Stephanus de la Strande.
- (1229) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames204 : Editha de la Stronde.
- (1236) Bk.of Fees599 : Petrus de Strand.
- (1246) Chart.R.PRO1.292 : [Gift to Peter de Sabaudia..of those houses on the Thames which were of Brian de Insula..in the street called] la Straunde.
- (1274) EPNSoc.18 (Mid.)166 : Parochia Ste Marie de Stronde.
- (1294-7) Name in LuSE 3514 : Stranton.
- (1327) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames336 : John atte Stronde.
- (1402) in Madox Firma Burgi (1726)70 : Exactis de Hominibus Villatae de Westm. et Stronde c s. pro evasione cujusdam Rogeri Hadham Wafrer, qui ad Ecclesiam beatae Mariae de Stronde pro diversis feloniis nuper fugit.
- (1405) Close R.Hen.IV486 : [Charter of feoffment and demise of a messuage called the] Bernes [by the] Stronde [in the parish of St. Clement].
- (1411) Close R.Hen.IV302 : [The parish of St. Mary] atte Stronde [without New Temple bar London].
- (1451) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.191 : Straunton.
- (1458) Close R.Hen.VI334 : [The parish of St. Mary] atte Stronde.