Middle English Dictionary Entry
strai n.
Entry Info
Forms | strai n. Also straie, strei, (errors) stay, shaye. |
Etymology | From AF estray, stray & AL straia, streya; phr. on strai from ME astrai adj. & adv. by analogy with the semantic equivalence of awei adv. and onwei adv.; phr. oute of strai prob. by analogy with phr. oute of wei (s.v. ǒut(e of prep.). Forms in astrai adj. & adv. beginning with o- could be construed as strai n. 3. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. astrai n., estrai n. (Suppl.).
1.
(a) Law A domestic animal found wandering away from its home or enclosure and subject to impoundment and, if unredeemed, to forfeiture, an estray; -- also coll.; also, the right to impound an estray and gain legal possession of it through forfeiture; weif and ~; (b) in cpd.: ~ time, a time for rounding up stray animals.
Associated quotations
a
- (1228) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.7452 : Idem capitulum ex concessione Regis..habeat..catalla felonum et fugitivorum, et catalla per felones deadvocata, wrek, weyf, stray, merchet, lecherwyt, blodewyt.
- (1285-6) Cart.Ramsey in RS 79.2292 : Clamat habere weyff et stray, quo waranto.
- (1330) Cart.Ramsey in RS 79.395 : Eo waranto clamat idem Abbas weyf et strey in maneriis.
- (1330) Plac.War.65 : Idem Abbas et predecessores sui seisiti fuerunt de predictis visubus libera warennam infangthef, weyf et stray et tam libertatibus illis quam quietanciis predictis usi sunt in omnibus prout debuerunt.
- (1355) Reg.Edw.Blk.Pr.4.174 : [Order to William Wacelyn..to drive the said wastes at suitable times for strange cattle that are not properly agisted there for the prince's use, and for] weifs [and] strais, [which the prince ought rightfully to have].
- (1385) Chart.R.PRO5.297 : [Animals called] wayf [found in the fee of the said hospital shall fall to the said brethren, unless anyone have followed them, who will and can prove ownership..they..shall have all animals called] stray [as well as all animals called] wayf [found in the fee of the said hospital on the same conditions].
- (1388) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)5.72 : [The lord has..] infangtheef, outefangtheef, wayf, stray [and other liberties].
- (1400) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.33 : [The wapentake of Ollerton with] wayf [and] stray, [worth 6 l. yearly, and that of Plumtree with] wayf [and] stray [and 10 s. rent in Ruddington, worth 100 s. yearly were also his].
- (1411) RParl.3.654b : Quod iidem Magister & Collegium..imperpetuum habeant..Libertates de Infangenthef & Outfangenthef, ac omnia catalla confiscata & confiscanda, & catalla vocata wayf & stray, & omnimoda catalla vocata manu-opera cum quacumque persona in eisdem capta & imposterum capiend'.
- (1435) Pat.R.Hen.VI504 : [Henry..granted to him..the manor or barton of Bristol..with the..woods, reversions] weifs, strais [chattels of felons..to the same belonging].
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)478 : Stray, beest þat goethe a-stray: Vagula.
- (1444) RParl.5.126b : That all maner Wayffes and Strayes, and othur godes forfeted within the seid Toun..be solde bi the Baillifs.
- a1450 PPl.B (Corp-O 201)prol.94 : Strayes [Ld: Somme seruen þe kyng and his siluer tellen, In cheker and in chancerye chalengen his dettes Of wardes and wardmotes, weyues and streyues].
- (?a1450) Oath Bk.Colchester3 : If ther hath be any weiffs or streis com into this towne..as hors, nete, schepe, swyne, swannes, or any other thyng which hath ben withyn this towne..xij moneth and a day, and not chalenged, ye schal do us to wete whether this towne be answerd thereof or not.
- (1464) RParl.5.540b : Provided that this Acte..extende not..to John Acton..for eny Graunte..made by us to hym..of th'Office of Raungeourship of Chaspell..with Poundes, Waifes, Strayes, Herbage and Pannage.
- (1475) RParl.6.166b : The Kyng..hath yoven..to his moost dere..Brother George Duke of Clarence..all Knyghtes Fees..Piscaryes, Fre Customes, Rightes, Waifes, Strayes, Catall of Felons and Fugityves..to the forseide Manoyres..in eny maner wise perteignyng.
b
- (1449) *Acc.R.Rickling Hall : [Johannes Trover has dogs who kill pigs and] 'utitur..Chassar..tempore voc' Strayetyme.
2.
The action of wandering.
Associated quotations
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)478 : Stray, or a-stray: Vagacio, palacio.
- a1450(?1404) As þe see (Dgb 102)14 : Stoken in presoun as best fro stray, Here wikked wille groweþ newe.
3.
In phrases: (a) on ~, of a domesticated animal: astray; gon on (in) ~, to stray from the owner; (b) sterten on ~, to deviate from a straight course, swerve, turn aside, ?draw back; ?also, leap about [last quot.]; straien on ~, of a steed: wander about loose without a rider; striken on ~, deviate from a straight course, swerve, turn aside, ?draw back; (c) sterten on (upon) ~, stiren on ~, of a soldier: to move off the right path so as to come into the open or within range, straggle; (d) on (the) ~, at random, in a random scatter; (e) oute of ~, fig. morally astray, away from a moral direction, into error; striken oute of ~, to swerve, turn aside, ?draw back.
Associated quotations
a
- c1390(?a1325) LChart.Chr.A (Vrn)638/8 : Pore þou weore I-dryuen a-way, As a best þat goþ on-stray [vrr. in stray; astray].
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)6827 : If þou finde þi fa beste on stray [Vsp: o strai], þou bring hit him..so þou may make him þi frende.
b
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1716 : He blenched aȝayn bilyue & stifly start onstray.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)511 : One a stirtande stede he strykes one straye.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1656 : Þe heuede by þe colere He cuttid a-waye; Þe body satt on þe horse..Þe stede strak ouer þe force And strayed on straye [vr. strykys a-stray].
- c1475 Awntyrs Arth.(Tay 9)p.20 : With a bytand brand euyn throghet he him bare..Then gloppunt that gaye, Hit was no ferly, in faye, His stedes startun on straye [Dc: Þe sturne strikes one stray], With steroppus fulle stryȝte.
c
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)780 : Was non þat warpiþ a word, bot waytes her poyntes, Ȝif stertis [vr. any stirrede] on stay [vr. stray], with stones hem to kylle.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6258 : Abidis here at the border, buske ye no fer! Lokis well to þe listis, þat no lede passe! If any stert vpon stray, strike hym to dethe, Oure Cite to saue fro our sad fos.
d
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)392 : In stele was he stuffede, þat steryne was one stede, Alle of sternys of golde, þat stekillede was one straye.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)64/163 : Looke and tell, yf thou maye, stares standinge one the straye [vr. shaye]; that unpossible were.
e
- a1450(?1404) As þe see (Dgb 102)110 : Fleschely wille is fendes knaue, Out of reson, out of stray.
- c1475 Awntyrs Arth.(Tay 9)p.19 : Opon a startand stede he strikes oute of stray.