Middle English Dictionary Entry
spēking(e ger.
Entry Info
Forms | spēking(e ger. Also spekingge. |
Etymology |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The act of talking, speaking, conversing; also, God's act of creation by his word [quot. a1500 *Sidrak & B.]; ~ with of straungeres, the act of conversing with strangers; feue wordes malicious in ~, taciturn but a backbiter; gret (muche, muchel) ~, excessive talking; ivel ~ (?ivele ~), the act of ill-speaking; short ~, ?rapid or clipped speech; treue ~, the act of speaking the truth; (b) that which is spoken, speech, talk, conversation [a few quots. may belong to (a)]; also, an instance of speech, a particular discourse, conversation, etc.; also, a report[quot. c1440]; ben fain of hire ~, to be eager to hold a conversation with her; maken fair ~, speak (to sb.) eloquently or persuasively; maken of fair ~, make (sb.) eloquent; (c) the power of speech, faculty of speech, ability to speak; cleren the ~, to restore the power to speak clearly; (d) the ability to speak well, eloquence; (e) the act or practice of public speaking, oratory; curious ~, meretricious rhetoric, sophistry; (f) a conference, an assembly for discussing something; ~ togeder, an assembly, a meeting; maken ~, to hold a conference or council; (g) articulation; the articulation (of sth.); esi in ~, easy to articulate, easy to say; (h) a language; (i) in cpd.: ~ place, that part of a temple where the Divine Presence is manifested.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)50/11 : Þe mouþ heþ tuo offices..Þeruore him to-delþ..zenne in tuo deles..in zenne of glotounye..and ine zenne of kueade tonge, þet is ine fole spekinge.
- 1372 ME Verse in Grimestone PB (Adv 18.7.21)p.29 : Eyne to seing; Eres to hering; Tunge to speking.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.23 : He took þe manere spekinge of trewe prophetes..and spak in þis manere in his bookes..'Oure Lord spak, [etc.].'
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.947 : Thise manere wommen that obseruen chastitee moste be..abstinent in etynge and drynkynge, in spekynge and in dede.
- c1400 Aelred Inst.(1) (Vrn)27/76 : In mete and drynk, in slep, in spekyngge, eueremoor sche moot drede apeyrryngge of here chastete.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)140/7 : He felle doune dede to þe grounde, wiþouten eny worde spekyng.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.5530 : Hector is..ded..Of whom þe body whan it caried was In-to presence of Priamus þe kyng, Anoon he lost þe offys of spekyng..And pitously..fil a-swowne Vp-on þe cors.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2851 : She wist full well that swete spekyng Comfortith in full mych thyng.
- a1425 Cursor (Glb E.9)27734 : Vnhend spekeing [Vsp: talking] of dede outrage..Athes grete, and sklander and tene; þir springes of wreth albidene.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1055 : Who so mykil speking vse, Of sin þai may not þam excuse.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)97 : Britones were long I-clepud Cadwallesmen, After Cadwalle þat was hure kynge; Bot Saxsones clepud hom..Walshemen By-cause of sherte spekynge.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)288/12 : In language men in-stede of trewe spekynge spekeþ wordes of blasfeme.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)228/10 : He..dischargid þaim þe company & spekyng with of any strangiers.
- a1456 Marmaduke SSecr.(Ashm 59)216/18 : It is a noble and a precyous thinge for a prince to beo moderate, and absteene him frome muche speking.
- a1475(c1450) Shirley SSecr.(Add 5467)293/15 : Kepe the fro grete spekyng [Royal: ouermoche speche; F trop parler].
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)314/6 : It is bettre that the earis of the peeple be feruently desiringe to heere the woord of the kynge than that they shuld be full and annoied to heer his langage through the spekinge to miche.
- c1475 WBk.Phil.& Astron.(Cmb Ll.4.14)16 : Saturne is a planete derke and malicious..vndir þe constellacion of wyche þe man þat is bore..shall be envyous and soruffull..ffewe wordis malicious in spekinge.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)164/5 : Wyne, qwan it is dronkyn owte of mesur..gendryth sekenes..and of þat comyth..spekyng in þe slep.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8146 : Þat was nerrer God, as me þinke, Þan aungel þat cam of spekinge.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)8/70 : I haue synnyd in wraþþe aȝeins manye of þee..in yuele willinge, in yuel spekynge, and in yuel doynge.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)13/206 : I haue also trespassid in mansleynge, bodily or goostly; in yuel willynge; and yuel spekynge.
b
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)2341 : Þe toknynge of þat spekynge þe miracles hit were Þat his halwen wyde wrouȝte.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.58 : By þe spekynges of þe grete ben bitokned þe techynges of holy writ.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Rom.3.2 : The spekyngis of God [L eloquia Dei] ben bitakun to hem.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.407 : Þey trowed þat goddes schulde be worschipped wiþ the more faire and noble spekynge.
- c1390 Þe wyse mon in (Vrn)159 : Whon he þe makeþ fe[i]rest spekyng, Þen drede þou most his dedes suwyng.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.4770 : Among here othre wordes glade Arrons a gret spekinge made Who hadde tho the beste wif.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Prov.3.32 : For ech disseyuer is abhomynacioun of the Lord; and his speking [L sermocinatio] is with simple men.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)2810 : He toke then leue at qwene Eleyne, Off here spekyng he was fayne.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3163 : Fro Spayne into Spruyslande the worde of hym sprynges And spekynngs of his spencis, disspite es full hugge.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)30 : Hem þinkeþ þat þei may vse siche spekyngis, lokyngis..and siche tokenes of fleschli loue withoute perel.
- ?a1425 My dere sone wher (Lamb 491)77 : Þe hare..kyng shal be callid of all venery, For all þe fare spekyng & blowyng..Comith of þe sechyng and fyndyng of here.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)29/17 : I holde it but vanyte to go to hym ffor Any spekyng.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)192/190 : Nay, nay, then wyrk we wrang; sich spekyng will we spare.
- a1500 Bod.EMisc.Lapid.(BodEMisc e.558)27/127 : The Calsidonye is of a white trowbill colour & makyth hym that bereth hir of fayre spekyng and full of eloquence.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)47a/a : Þe tonge is þe instrument of taast & of spekinge [L locutionis].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)48b/a : Spekynge is aproprid to mankinde.
- a1400 Mirror (Hrl 5085)742 : God..haþ ȝiuen us bodi and lif, seing and hering, speking and spelling.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2492 : Thou, so dulle in euery thing Were domme for drede, withoute spekyng.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)48b/b : Þe tunge is a fleischie partikel..ordeined principallie be cause of tastinge and of spekinge.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)239/37 : Lewys of trenne..clenyth the tethe, amendyth the tonge, cleryth the spekynge, and yewyth good talent to mette.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)1807 : Haue foules and beestes any speking Or vnderstonding of any þing?
d
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.399 : Insolent is he that despiseth..all oother folk as to regard of his..konnynge and of his spekynge and of his berynge.
e
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)63/86 : Of þe art of spekyng and of endytyng..He vndurstod in his redyng Wiþouten monnes teching.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)172a/b : Demonstenes with noble spekynge made þis Cite haue a grete name.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)283/11 : Þei studien raþir in curyous spekynge þan for to plese in good lyuyng.
f
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)6482 : Þo comen to Londene alle þeos Bruttes to one speking [Clg: hustinge] for reade ȝam of kinge.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.12.43 : Collacioun, or spekinge to gidre [L collatione] maad, he sente twelue thousand dragmes of syluer to Jerusalem.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.67 : They schun holdyn, euery yer, foure dayes of spekyngges tokedere for here comune profyte.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.310 : At Karlele is þe kyng with erles & barons; þer þei mad spekyng to renne on þer felons.
g
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)124/16 : Certaynly ther is mor difficulte in the performyng of theis vj condicions than in the spekyng of theim.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)21/393 : Þese deedis of mercy ben but vii in noumbre, and esy in spekynge, but truly, Lord, þei ben wel hard in doynge.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)17/104 : Desyre hath longe dured, some speking to have.
h
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9496 : The fyrst sacrament ys holy bapteme..Crystendom or crystynyng, Þat ys on englys, oure spekyng.
i
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.37.6 : He made the propiciatory, þat is, goddis speking place [WB(2): answeryng place; L oraculum] of most puyr gold.
2.
(a) Something written, writing; also, the content or tenor of a letter; (b) mention (of sth.) in a written text, discussion; also, in parenthetical phrase: in ~ of, to make mention of (sth.), speaking of; (c) pl. ?figurative expressions, similes.
Associated quotations
a
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2943 : Hij..maden a skryte of swiche spekyng Aȝein to Alisaunder þe kyng, [etc.].
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)91/11 : Fortune, aftir þe speking of poetis, may wel be callid þe greet goddesse.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)16714 : I am nought worþy open hys bok..But for to schewe his mykel wyt On my spekynge þat ys but skyt.
b
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)100/33 : Colre..is an humour, hote and drye..And it is double, natural and vnnatural, in spekynge [L loquendo] twofolde of þe natural, as it is saide.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)23 : Whanne euere Holi Scripture..spekith or spak of eny of the seid gouernauncis or moral trouthis, thei in the same speche presupposen the same gouernaunce to be bifore her speking ther of.
c
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)42/17 : He made þis booke, spekand by tokyns & ensamples & lyke spekyngges [Caritate: figuratyf spechys; L figuratiuis locutionibus].