Middle English Dictionary Entry
sō̆litārī(e adj.
Entry Info
Forms | sō̆litārī(e adj. Also solutarie, solitare, solatare, solitair(e & (error) solarie. |
Etymology | L sōlitārius & OF solitaire, AF solitarye. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Alone, without company [a few exx. with verbs resten, setten, sitten could be construed as adv.; cp. solitarili adv.]; single, one and no more; also, deprived of loved ones [quot.: a1420]; also, forsaken, without help [quots. 1st & a1475(?1431)]; of a sheep: parted from the flock; (b) solitary for the purpose of religious devotion; hermitic; living a contemplative life; ~ contemplacioun; ~ from wommen, chaste; ~ lif (living), a way of life distinguished by seclusion and devotion to God; ~ preiere, preiere ~, private prayer, devotion performed in seclusion; ~ speches, private utterances; (c) deserted, without people; secluded, remote, isolated; (d) private; unshared; (e) ?unique, one of a kind, out of the ordinary.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Esth.14.3 : My Lord, that art king alone, help me, solitarie [WB(2): a womman left aloone], and of whom saue thee is noon other helpere.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Lam.3.28 : He shal sitte solitarie [L solitarius] and be stille, for he rerede hymself aboue hymself.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1365 : Solitarie he was and euere allone And waillynge al the nyght.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)295a/a : Þunder makeþ solitarye schepe caste here lambren.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3906 : Eleyne..gan ful rewfully compleyne Hir vnkouþe lyf, to dwelle with straungers..Fer sequestrid a-weye from hir comtre [read: contre], Solitarie in captiuite.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)602 : I wook, and was maad lijk a sparowe That in þe roof restiþ so solitarye [L solitarius].
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1576 : I sall disseuere that sorte..And sett them full solytarie, in sere kyngez landez.
- c1450(?c1400) Wycl.Elucid.(StJ-C G.25)4 : So as god is wiþoute bigynnyng, is it not to bileeue þat, bifore þe world was maid, he had a solitarie lijf?
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)3060 : So ful I am of discomfort..Fro day to day most ful of moone, Solytarye and allone.
- a1475(?1431) Lydg.Defence HC (Hrl 1245)16 : Cristus spouse..on the floodis of fell Babiloun, Al solitair and trist in compleynyng, Sat with hir children aboute hir euerichon.
- a1475(c1450) Shirley SSecr.(Add 5467)265/13 : In the temple where the philosophres were accustumed..to make all werkes and all secretes..I founde a man full solutarie [F solitaire], of full grete abstenence, pleyne, and full wise in philosophye.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)101.8 : I woke, and i am made as sparow solitary in the hous.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)4 : To loke on Pictagoras speere I had begonne, Syttyng all solytary alone besyde a lake.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.1.1 : Þe booc begynneþ of ympnes & solitarie spechis of prophete Dauid of Crist.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.109 : Constantyn..axede..of an holy man þat was solitaire [L solitario], where he myȝte overcome þe Longobardus oþer no.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)18.7 : Þer were suche eremites Solitarie by hem-self and in here selles lyueden.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)114/5 : Seint Benet..was solitarie fro wommen, for he felede his flesh sterede to lecherie.
- a1425 St.Anthony (Roy 17.C.7)117/17 : He so wold lyfen solytare lyfe, fere fro towne ferwently in godys serwyse he dwelled in holy prayers.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)189 : Crist and ion baptist..weren nedid bi charite to come out of desert to preche to þe peple & leue here solarie [read: solitarie] preiere.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)2076 : To the forest..he gan hym hye, Days off hys life expendyng in prayere solytary.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)89/2 : Þou has forsakyn þe solace and þe joy of þis world and taken þe to solitary lyf.
- a1450 Aelred Inst.(2) (Bod 423)1/24 : Many ther ben that knowe not ne charge not the profit of solitary liuyng.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4121 : When he was sett solitary, his body sett he litil by.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.9.6a : Neuerþeles, þe ful vse of hit may no man haue bote he be solitarie and in lif contemplatif.
- a1500 Rolle Mend.L.(Wor F.172)57 : Thiese solitarie men, though thei bien high in solitarie contemplacioun..deserue the corowne bifore their felawes for their predicacioun.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)923 : Contemplatyf peple..desyre to be Solytary seruauntes vnto God alone.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)151a/a : The turtur..foleweþ chastite & ȝif he lesiþ his make, he..chesiþ solitarye place and..fleeþ moche companye of men.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.3.11 : O thou maystresse of alle vertues..whi arttow comen into this solitarie place of myn exil?
- c1450(c1393) Chaucer Scog.(Benson-Robinson)46 : In th'ende of which strem I am dul as ded, Forgete in solytarie wildernesse.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)444/15 : When þai hafe bene awhile in solatare place be þer ane, þan þai may se þaim.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)124/19 : Her husbonde and she made a chaumbre solitarie for this holy man.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)82.313 (v.2:p.95) : The holi goste was sent .. into the disciplis .. for .. congruence of place ..: that was in the place where Crist made his maundee, a clene place and a solitarie.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)141.242 (v.2:p.401) : Gretly confoundyd in hymself and asshamyd, he went from hom and kept hym in a lange place and solitarie.
- c1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Tbr A.7)18752 : This ilke craffte..Is not in rewarde so perillous..As som crafftis that haue be do..In deserte..And in placis fful savage, Solytarye, and fful off rage.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)19/332 : I haue [be]..slouȝ to go in to gode placis as it perteyneþ to me, as to chirche and to oþere placis þat ben solitarie.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Job 3.14 : Now forsothe slepende I sholde holde my pes, and with my slep resten with kingus and counseileris of the erthe that bilden to hem solitarie dwellingus.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.4.113 : Yif that any good were added to the wrecchidnesse of any wyght, nis he nat more blisful than he that ne hath no medlynge of good in his solitarie wrecchidnesse?
- ?a1475 Banester Guiscardo (Add 12524)342 : Notwithstonding yhe know my ioy solitary, Which I byde [read: hyde], that now ys to danger trybutary.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Job 3.7 : Be that nyȝt solitarie [WB(2): soleyn; L solitaria] and not preise wrthi.