Middle English Dictionary Entry
shrǒud n.
Entry Info
Forms | shrǒud n. Also shroude, shrout(e, sheroude, shrud(e, shrute, (chiefly N & early) scrud(e, (SM, chiefly early) sroud(e, srout, srud, sruð, (K & early SW) ssroud & (early gen.) scrydes & (error) shrowedes; pl. shroudes, etc. & shrodus, (late) shrouthes & (early) scrud(en, srud. |
Etymology | OE scrūd; ?also cp. ON: cp. OI skrūði apparel, tackle, gear. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A garment, an article of clothing; a priestly vestment; also, an outfit of clothing or armor, a set of clothes; also, (one's) clothing, attire; also fig.; (b) coll. clothing, clothes; ecclesiastical or priestly vestments; also, armor quots.: St.Greg., Siege Jerus.(1); also fig. [quot.: Trin.Hom.]; widwe (widwene) ~, widow's weeds, mourning garb; (c) the provision of clothing; clothing in general; maide (maiden, maidenes) ~; (d) fig. the outward covering of the world, man, etc.; (e) the plumage of birds.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)122/27 : Waclic byð him swa lytel to sændene, ac genym feower scrud & twa pund.
- ?a1150 Aelfric Gloss.(Trin-C B.15.34)434/342 : [OE He ne behofað þæs huxlican reafes, ac þære gastlican gyrlan (alt. to:)] scrydes [ðe him God foresceawað].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)915 : Brutus & his duȝeðe makeden halinesse..mid horsen & mid scruden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5077 : Heo letten alle þa scrud [Otho: srud] at þere dure werpen vt.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)95 : Þis shrud haueð ech man on him after his fulcninge..Ðet oðer gostliche shrud ich embe spece is mildhertnesse.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)162/4 : Efter his deað, com a niht & schawde him to his abbat i snaw hwite schrudes [Nero: cloðes].
- a1275 Þene latemeste dai (Trin-C B.14.39)20 : Me nimit þe licam & prenit in on clut..þat was iwonit to weriin so mony veir srout [vr. a feir schrud].
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1965 : Ðo nomen be ðe childes srud Ðe iacob hadde madim in prud.
- ?c1335 Þe king of heuen (Hrl 913)p.122 : Alas, man, whi artou prute? Whannin commiþ þi fair schrute?
- a1350 *Body & S.(4) (Hrl 2253)116 : In forstes ant in snowes..of alle oure riche cloþes, tid vs neuer a shroude.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)258/27 : Man..þet heþ wyt..and wot wel þet kende ne heþ naȝt y-yeue him þet ilke ssroud, he ne ssel him naȝt prede.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)prol.2 : I shop me into a shroud [vrr. schroudes, a shrowedes; Z: schrodus], as I a shep were.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)47 : Þus schal he be schent for his schrowde feble.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3628 : Thus they scheften fore schotys one thas schire strandys, Ilke schalke in his schrowde, full scheen ware þeire wedys.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)268/364 : Lo, here a shrowde for a shrewe, and of shene shappe!
- c1450 Earth(3) (Lamb 853)15/25 : Hider brouȝttist þou no schroud, but poore come þou and nakid.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1066 : He dyde swa mycel to gode into þet mynstre of Burh on golde & on seolfre & on scrud & on lande.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)114/8 : Beo þu swa swa getreowe dyhtere, & nan þing þe ne geahnie bute bigleofe & scrud.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)130/15 : Ne glæingde he his lichame mid deorewurðen scrude, ne he mid estmeten his innað ne gefyllde.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)134/21 : Þu nelt habben yfel wif, ne yfel child, ne yfele þeowmen, ne yfele scrud.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)137 : All ane shridd wiþþ haliȝ shrud Ȝede he till Godess allterr.
- a1200(?c1175) PMor.(Trin-C B.14.52)367 : Ne sal þer ben naðer scat ne srud ne wereldes wele none.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)13 : Ista sex opera dicuntur et uestes et arma..Ðese six werkes of brictnesse ben cleped lihtes scrud, for þat hie sruðeð..elch þe hie doð.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)155/10 : Iudith wesch hire & despulede hire of widewene schrud [Nero: widewe schrude].
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)187 : Putifar ssrudeþ Iosep mid dereworþe ssroud.
- ?a1300 Sirith (Dgb 86)6 : Wis he wes..And cloþed in fair sroud.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3169 : Quat-so he boden, sruð or sat, Egipte folc hem lenen ðat.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3631 : God it tagte al ear moysen Wislike hu it [tabernacle] wrogt sulde ben, Quilc srud, quat offrende.
- c1330 St.Greg.(Auch)111/581 : Þe kniȝt alle in feir schroude Him gan arme swiþe wel.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)258/30 : Ne glede þe naȝt ine uayr ssroud.
- 1372 Wat heylet man (Adv 18.7.21)p.60 : Wat heylet man? Qui is he prud? Was ned hat he of riche scrud?
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)170 : Wich arn þenne þy wedez þou wrappez þe inne, Þat schal schewe hem so schene schrowde of þe best?
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)558 : Hewen on þe heþen..For-schorne gild schroud.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)483 : He sat in his sete..In schene schemerand schroude all of schire stanes.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)106 : Yf she were semelyeste vnder schrovde Of other poyntes, she was namyd prowde But of love to lere.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)387 : Her..hertte is sett so mekyll of wyte, Wyth love it is not daunnyd [read: dauntyd] yte, Thowȝe she be shene in scherovde.
c
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)137 : Mon sulleð his elmesse þenne he heo ȝefeð swulche monne þe he ahte mid rihte helpe to fodneðe and to scrude.
- a1225 Lamb.Hom.Pater N.(Lamb 487)63/148 : Gif us ure liuenað, and to þe flesce scrud and clað.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)176 : He made on werlde al erue tame, Ðe sulde him her in swinkes strif To fode and srud to helpen ðe lif.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3250 : Þe sargant made him bun fulsun..Wit tresur..Bath gold and stan for maiden scrude [Frf: mayde shroude; Göt: mayden schrud; Trin-C: maydenes shroude].
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)17591 : Tohh iss þeȝȝre baþre [man and the world] shrud Þurrh Cossmos wel bitacnedd.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)79 : Ho hine bireueden of þere muchele mihte þet crist him hefde iȝefen of al þer orþe scrude, of þe uisces iþe wetere and fuȝeles iþe lufte.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)49/421 : Þus he schrudde & hudde him, alre þinge schuppent, mid ure fleschliche schrud.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9380 : Til alking thing he gafe, þar kind scrud [Trin-C: kyndely shap] al for to haue.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)23673 : Alsua þis werld sal neu ha scrud, þat had it neuer nan sa prud.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)64 : Than bycometh the ground so proude That it wole haue a newe shroude.
e
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)85 : Þus schene briddus in schawe schewen heore schroude.
2.
(a) A cover, shelter; an awning; also, a sheltered place; ~ hous, a place of shelter; under ~, under cover; also, under the bedclothes [1st quot.]; (b) one of the two annular flanges on the sides of a water mill that enclose the buckets; ~ nail, coll. nails used to fasten the shrouds to a water wheel; ~ whel, a water wheel furnished with shrouds.
Associated quotations
a
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2416 : Þe þef..fond hure þer þat burde bolde liggyng vnder shroute.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3358 : Þan Ameral atte is soper he of-say, sittynge vnder shrout.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1076 : Watz never so blysful a bour as watz a bos þenne, Ne no schroude-hous so schene as a schepon þare.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4301 : Na supowell vndire son seke we vs neuire, Ne schroude to scheld with oure schap bot þe schire banes, And with þe braunches of þe bowis.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)3.887 : The septre of whome..shall..neuere sese in couerte ne in shrowde.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)5.61 : At his vp-riste whose bemez may not fade, To shede his lyght in euery shrowde and shade, [etc.].
- (1469-70) Acc.St.Edm.Sarum13 : In denariis solutis Thome Shute pro ocupacione cuiusdam panni lanei vocati Shrvd conducti pro le Kyngplay, iiij d.
b
- (1368) Doc.in Der.ANHSJ 2280 : [For a] shroud [for the same mill].
- (1372) in Salzman Building in Engl.312 : Schrudnail.
- (1374) in Salzman Building in Engl.308 : Dorenayl for the bretasch of the Prynceschambre and for a schrudweghel.
3.
Naut. Coll. or pl. The headropes with their associated ratlings, shrouds; also, sg. one of the headropes in the shrouds; also fig.; ~ chaine, a chain holding down the shrouds.
Associated quotations
- (1351-2) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 395 : j verge, j velo cum le shroud, emp. pro batell. predicte nauis, vj s. viij d.
- (1378-81) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 395 : j barell. tar empt. pro la Tarryng de la Shroud.
- (1398) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.94 : [The sail of a boat with] le schroud.
- (1404-6) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 395 : De Cord. pro shroudes, vptyes, shetes, stayes, halyers, et lollers.
- (1420) *For.Acc.(PRO) 3 Hen.VI F/2 dorso [OD col.] : ij lanternys, j spougeour, ij poleys pro le shroude, et j sketfat.
- (1424-5) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 395 : iij trussis, iij Shroudis, iiij takkis.
- (1432-7) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 396 : De cathenis ferr. pro le Shroude xxxiiijor.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)2944 : The gabelis that in a ship of werre Bere vp the sail, herwith may be fordone, So may the stay & shroudis euerychone.
- (1465) Acc.Howard in RC 57200 : Payd be my mastyr for ropes for hyr srowde, the wyche weyid xv stone, ij li.
- (1466) Acc.Howard in RC 57346 : Paid for xj shrowde cheynes and vij doble polyves..viij s. viij d.
- a1500 Our shyp (Dub 516)42,46 : The mast hath a welle good stay, With shrowthes sure..In humble wyse hym to obey, yf he to þem hath nede..Thys shrowdes be sure..Devenshyre & Grey & becheham.
4.
(a) Coll. Loppings from a tree [cp. shreding(e ger.(b) & shriding(e ger.(b)]; (b) ?a branch, bough; ? = 1.(b); -- used fig. of plumage [cp. 1.(e)].
Associated quotations
a
- (1475-6) Acc.St.Edm.Sarum361 : Of William Pole for the shrowde of the same elme, viij d.
b
- ?c1450 Susan.(Mrg M 818)85 : Þe schene briddes in þe schawe þei schappyn in schrowde.
5.
Associated quotations
- (a1300) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)589 : Scrudlande.