Middle English Dictionary Entry
shīr(e adj.
Entry Info
Forms | shīr(e adj. Also shiere, sir, (N) sc(h)irre, (N & early) scire & (early) scir, (infl.) scirum & (in names) chir(e-, shur- & (?error, Gen.& Ex.) scir. |
Etymology | OE scīr, scȳr; N forms in sc- may belong to ME skīr(e adj. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. skir(e adj.
1.
(a) Bright, shining; sparkling; -- often used in alliterative verse with reduced meaning; ~ liked, ?shiny; (b) of a face, flesh, etc.: fair, white; also, as noun: white, fair flesh; (c) of colors, a flame, the sun, etc.: bright, intense; of a vision: clearly or vividly seen; of flowers: brightly colored; ~ loked, ?bright-colored; (d) of a liquid, river, stream: clear, limpid; also, as noun: clarified fat or grease; (e) of night, morning, the weather: clear; (f) unmixed, unadulterated, pure; unmitigated; ~ bones, mere bones; ~ shame, utter shame; (g) of the heart, conscience, etc.: free from blemish or stain; of prayer, oaths: earnest, sincere; (h) of a tablecloth: ?clean, spotless; of the ground: ?bare; (i) sparse, thin, light; also, tenuous, rarefied; (j) in surnames and place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.111, 125].
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)147/11 : His eagene twa æðele synden swa clæne swa cristal & swa scire swa suneleome.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)588 : She saw þer-inne a lith [read: liht] ful shir.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3848 : Folgede hem ðat skie scir [?read: schir], And often to ðe se ðor-bi And often to ðe munt synay.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21236 : Barnabas..Bath for-draun and brint wit feir, His saul es went til heuen scire [Göt: schire].
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)17371 : Of aungels one..cloþed was as snow shire, And his semblant like to fire.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)605 : He watz schunt to þe schadow under schyre levez.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)284 : I schal..wony wyth hyt in schyr wod-schawez.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1760 : There schawes ware scheen vndyr þe schire eyuez.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)737 : Schadewes & schir day scheden attwynne.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)483 : In schene schemerand schroude all of schire stanes.
- c1450(?a1400) Chestre Launfal (Clg A.2)247 : Hare kercheues were well schyre, Arayd with ryche golde wyre.
- a1500 *Hrl.1002 Nominale [OD col.] (Hrl 1002)fol.147b : Silinus: schyrlekkud.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)346 : Small briddes aboue in þe bright leuys With shrikes full shrille in the shire bowes.
b
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)317 : Þe blod schot for scham in-to his schyre face.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)425 : Þe scharp of þe schalk schyndered þe bones & schrank þurȝ þe schyire grece.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1331 : Þay slyt þe slot, sesed þe erber, Schaued wyth a scharp knyf, & þe schyre knitten.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2256 : He lened with þe nek & lutte & schewed þat schyre al bare.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1269 : Þe shilde away share vnto the shyre necke.
c
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)518 : Metodius..Adde in his herte sighe [read: sigðe] sir: Also he god adde ofte bi-sogte, Wislike was him in herte brogt Ðis midelerdes biginning And middel-hed and is ending.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)476 : Þe schyre sunne hade hem schent er euer þe schalk wyst.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)619 : Then þay schewed hym þe schelde, þat was of schyr goulez.
- a1425 NHom.(3) Leg.Suppl.Hrl.(Hrl 4196)95/202 : A credill of iren for hir he makes..Vnder it gert he mak grete fire And kest in oyle, to mak it schire.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)9037 : Þe lemyng was boþe red & schir, Lyke a dragon þat sparkled fyr.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1425 : Þere smyt out a grete fire Of diuers colouris wondir shire.
- a1500 *Hrl.1002 Nominale [OD col.] (Hrl 1002)fol.147b : Rubicundus et color qui dicitur flavus et albus et rubius, videlicet, schyrlokud, farriginosus.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2373 : In a shadow of shene tres & of shyre floures.
d
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.656 : Ðas is se gife: fram Medeshamstede to Norðburh..fra Grætecros þurh an scyr wæter Bradan æ hatte, [etc.].
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)249/13 : Haran heortan adriȝe & wyrc to duste &..syle drincan seofan dæȝes on scirum wine.
- (a1333) Herebert Herodes (Add 46919)11 : He made vulle wyth shyr water six cannes by þe leste.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9936 : Midward þe heist ture..springes of scire [Göt: clere] water o welle.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)22.7 : Mi drinke dronkenand whilc schire [L præclarus] es ite!
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)6934 : Fyssches lyfes in water schyre.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)447 : Schyre, as water and oþer lycure: Perspicuus, clarus.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)55/3 : Tak þan þe schire abownne & do it in a pan & tak halfe als mekil virgyn wax as þer is gres.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)64/34 : Tak þe schire of þe bacyn & do in þe pan.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)296/53 : Þer schall bleuyn a water schire.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3300 : Shottes of shire water has shot fro þin ene.
e
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3045 : O morgen al swilc time al sir, Ðhunder and hail and leuenes fir Cam wel vnghere.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5067 : If þe weder be bright and shire Þe whiles it is ouer þe fire, Reed or blew colour shal it take.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5880 : Somtime whanne þe night is shire, Sparcles of þat fire clere..Falle and perceth þe aire a night.
f
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15383 : Forr siþþenn iss all þeȝȝre spell Shir atter & shir galle.
- a1250(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Tit D.18)68/869 : Nere hit schendlac inoh & schir schome to alle þet ȝelpeð of lare?
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1835 : Here luue ðo wurð hol and schir.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)113 : He shapis him of shire wax litill schipis many.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4301 : Seke we vs neuire Ne schroude to scheld with oure schap bot þe schire banes.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)298/119 : Pore þer-inne hony, good and schyre.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)p.516 : Tha drynke the shyrest blode of grape.
g
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)6/2 : Þeos riwle is chearite of schir heorte & cleane inwit.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)126/27 : O muchel is þe mihte of schir & cleane bone.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)25867 : Forqui þat þou was for-wit scriuen, Els moght..na clensing fire þi saul skur to make it schirre.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26200 : Scrift sal mak þi saul scirre.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26349 : Þare es first ten pontes..þat wil þam saue wit sothfast scrift, Clene and reuful..Open and schire.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26609 : Scrift agh be scire and sundri tald.
- c1440(?a1375) Abbey HG (Thrn)59/11 : Goddis seruandes hase depely thoghte with schire herte on Gode.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)91.1 : In shire and pesful consciens & in bihaldynge of endles rest goed is.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)729 : With shame may þou shunt fro þi shire othes.
h
- c1390 Disp.Christian & J.(Vrn)210 : Þer was Bordes I-cloþed clene Wiþ schire cloþes and schene.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)1008 : Þe ai fell on þe flore in the frekes sight, And þe shell toshett on þe schire grounde.
i
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)332b/b : Al þynne matiere and sotil haþ double cause of lightnesse, for þe party is of suche matiere ben schire and sotile and moeueþ toward þe myddil.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)167/8 : All the Tartarienes han smale eyen & litill of berd & not thikke hered, but schiere.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)101/7 : Þe men of þat land has schyre berdes with few hares in þam.
j
- (1159) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames317 : Ralph Shirloc.
- (1192) EPNSoc.29 (Der.)599 : Chirley.
- (1212) Bk.of Fees90 : Adam Scirart.
- (1221) EPNSoc.13 (War.)222 : Shireburne.
- (1221) EPNSoc.38 (Glo.)203 : Sirburne.
- (1251) Nickname in LuSE 55159 : Joh. Shirlok.
- (1251) Nickname in LuSE 55159 : Steph. Scirlok.
- (1288) EPNSoc.38 (Glo.)204 : Chyreburn.
- (1302-3) Nickname in LuSE 55159 : J. Schirrelok.
- (1315) in Sundby Dial.Wor.80 : Shirloc.
- (1474) EPNSoc.13 (War.)222 : Shurborne.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (1327) Name in LuSE 3542 : Schyrrewater.
Note: Needed for date in sense (j).
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (1388-9) Doc.Manor in MP 3461 : [It was customary to name places on the manor from tenant families, e.g.]..Shirlokesyate.
Note: Quot. needed for date in sense (j).
- a1400 Trin-C O.9.39 Recipes (Trin-C O.9.39) 32/15 : Þanne schalt þu fynde alle þe colour of þy azure liggyng atte botmes of þy vessel and þe watre stondynge schire and clere abouen.
Note: New form: Also..schire.
Note: Quot. belongs to sense (d).--all notes per MLL