Middle English Dictionary Entry
shā̆mel n.
Entry Info
Forms | shā̆mel n. Also scamel(e, (late) shamille, shambil & (early SW) scæmele, (early SWM) sheomel, sceomele & (in names) shamele, shammel, shmael, sahamele, samel, siamele, chamel, scammel, shom, somele; pl. shamel(e)s, etc. & shamillus, (in names) shamelles, shamples, scomeles. |
Etymology | OE sceamol, scæmol, scamol, sceomol, scomel, from L scamillum, scamellum; also cp. OF eschamel, (chiefly) AF scamel & AL shamellum, var. of scamellum. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A footstool; also fig.; also, the raised section of the floor on which the altar stands, a footpace [2nd quot.]; ~ of fet, fot ~ [OE fōt-sceamol]; bok ~, a bookstand; (b) a bench, table, or stall used for vending; the market place, esp. a place where meat is butchered and sold; -- also pl.; ~ hous, a slaughterhouse; flesh-shameles, q.v.; (c) a rent or tax charged for using a vending stall; ~ tol, a fee charged for selling meat from a public stall; (d) ?the wooden frame used to harness a horse to a cart; ?a part of a cart wheel; (e) in surnames; (f) in place names [see Smith PNElem.26. 100].
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.Pentec.(Lamb 487)91 : Site to mine riht alfe, forð þet ic alegge þine feond under þine fot-sceomele.
- a1225 Crist and saint (Roy 5.F.7)5 : Crist and sainte marie swa on scamel me iledde þat ic on þis erðe ne silde wid mine bare fote i tredie.
- a1225 Wint.Ben.Rule (Cld D.3)43/29 : Rædon þonne þa swustre embestunde on þare boc on uppen þan bocsæmele þreo reddingan & singan þryȝ repsæs.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)86/10 : Forþi alle þe halhen makeden of al þe world as a scheomel [Nero: stol] to hare uet to areache þe heouene.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)109.2 : Sitt þou at my ryȝthalf, Þer-whiles þat y sett þyn enemys shamel [L scabellum] of þy fete.
- c1425 Bible SNT(1) (Cmb Dd.12.39)Deeds 2.35 : Syt þow vpon my righte honde, þe while þat I putte þine enmyse schamel of þi fete.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)98.5 : Heghis the lord oure god, and loutis the shamyll of his fete.
b
- (1289) *in Wood's MS.C.1 lf.36 [OD col.] : Shopa cum sponda quae dicitur schamel [in the Bucherow].
- ?c1335 Heil seint Michel (Hrl 913)p.157 : Hail be ȝe potters wiþ ȝur bole ax..Ȝe stondiþ at þe schamil, brod ferlich bernes.
- (1368) in Löfvenberg Contrib.Lex.96 : [All the rent arising of the] shamelhous [in the town of Westbury].
- (1374) *Acc.R.Abbotsbury : Non emendavit scamell prout convenit.
- (1425-6) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.190/1565 : John Bron, and The huxtere atte balle yn þe Shameles.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)42/35 : It es no doute that the pore man wolde gladly bye flesch at the schamels [SC(1): in macello], if he trowed to haue more for an halpeny or so myche [as] ryche man schulde haue for an hundreth schyllynge.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)111b : Schambyll [Monson: Schamylle], vbi stule: macellum.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)8/21a : Macellum: shamyllus.
c
- (1282) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.120126 : Ab eodem tempore usitatum fuit quod quilibet carnifex..aliquas carnes vendicioni exponens aliqua die in septimana per annum, unum denarium argenti vocatum Schameltoll.
- (1366) Case Law Merchant in Seld.Soc.49162 : Idem escaetor in dicta Cancellaria retornavit quod cepit in manum Regis proficua proveniencia de stallagiis vocatis shameles.
- (1469) *Acc.R.Abbotsbury : Scabellorum loco mercati..shamell.
d
- (1372) Doc.Manor in MP 3460 : In ij paribus rotorum pro carucis emptis cum axibus et shamelys.
e
- (1186) in Pipe R.Soc.36166 : Willelmus Schamel.
- (1275) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames183 : Alic. de la Somele.
- (1318) Pat.R.Edw.II173 : Richard Scammel.
- (1332) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames183 : Thom. ate shamele.
- -?-(1302) Reg.Freemen York in Sur.Soc.969 : Symon del Scameles.
f
- (c1100) in Wallenberg PNKent107 : Scamele.
- (1167-8) in Wallenberg PNKent107 : Shamele.
- (1176) in Kökeritz PNWight122 : Samelherst.
- (1223) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)588 : Schamelfeld.
- (1240) in Sundby Dial.Wor.31 : Scomeleswey.
- (1246) in Ekwall PNLan.69 : Shamplesbiry.
- (1266) in Wallenberg PNKent266 : Syamele.
- (1268) in Wallenberg PNKent266 : Schmael.
- (1275) in Ekwall PNLan.69 : Sahameleford.
- (1283) in Kökeritz PNWight121 : Chamelorde.
- (1303) in Kökeritz PNWight121 : Schamelorde.
- (1326) in Kökeritz PNWight121 : Schamelord.
- (1342) in Kökeritz PNWight121 : Shamelorde.
- (1380) EPNSoc.11 (Sur.)275 : Shamellesfeld.
- (1438) EPNSoc.11 (Sur.)275 : Estshamelorde.
- (1456) EPNSoc.11 (Sur.)275 : Shomdord.
- (1469) EPNSoc.11 (Sur.)275 : Schammelhord.