Middle English Dictionary Entry
rǒun(e n.(2)
Entry Info
| Forms | rǒun(e n.(2) Also (chiefly N) rọ̄n(e, (N & early) rūn(e & (in place name) rom- & (error) rowme; pl. rounes, etc. & (early) runen, runun, ronnes, (error) ronenen. |
| Etymology | OE rūn, rūne. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A secret, mystery; a divine mystery; a secret counsel of God; in ~, secretly; also, mysteriously; (b) advice, counsel; a suggestion; also, a requirement; oute o ~, lacking helpful advice; (c) discourse; a conversation, colloquy; ~ hende, ?gracious in conversation; riot ~, lewd conversation; aspien ~, to listen in on discussion; holden ~, have a talk, hold a conversation; (d) language, speech; also, voice [last quot.]; (e) an utterance, a whisper, murmur; also, a message; (f) a song, poem; also, ?a part of a song, refrain [last quot.]; also, the singing of birds; love ~, a love song [see also love n.(1) 4.(e)].
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)18786 : Godess dærne rune Nass nohht tohhwheþþre whilwendlic, Acc aȝȝ onn ane wise.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19419 : Þurrh Haliȝ Gastess hallȝhe run..erþlike mann Maȝȝ gastlike unnderrstanndenn.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)70/489 : Ha Crist cleopede..ant schawde..te derne run of his deað o rode.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)34/319 : Ha beoð se wise þet ha witen alle godes reades, his runes, & his domes þe derne beoð.
- c1225 St.Marg.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)47/16 : Drihtin..þah þine runes [Bod: domes] derne beon & derue, alle ha beoð duhti.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)80/26 : I baðe [Old and New Testaments] me ifint þet godd his dearne runes & heouenliche priuitez schawde his leoueste freond.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)3 : Þer herd y rede in roune Who tristrem gat and bare.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)514 : Disserne noȝt cunen What rule renes in roun bitwene þe ryȝt hande And his lyfte.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1529 : Engrosid was the covenauante be-twen hem to, In presence of þe Emperour -- in opyn, & no roun.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6397 : Teȝȝ þa comenn to þe king, & he þeȝȝm droh to rune.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6892-4 : Whase sekeþþ ræd & run & witt att deofless þeowwess, Drihhtiness lare & ræd & run Þatt illke mann forleoseþþ.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)180 : Heo seiden him mid rede & mid stilliche runen..þat he heom wolde leaden out of þane leoden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)190 : Alle þe weren at þisse reade biluuede þeos runen [Otho: þisse roune].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)435 : Suggeð me to runun ræd þæt eou þunche.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)7026 : Ich þe wulle ræchen deorne runen.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)31/264 : Ȝe schulen beon mine readmen in alle mine derue [read: derne] runes [Bod: run].
- ?a1300 Sayings St.Bern.(Dgb 86)762/32 : If þat fend, þat foule þing, Þorou wikke roun..þe haueþ I-cast, Oup, and be god chaunpioun!
- c1300 Body & S.(5) (LdMisc 108)p.43 : Þat tou ne were and red roun, Nevere did i þing ne spac.
- a1350 Horn (Hrl 2253)74/1294 : Ychul be kyng of toune & lerne kynges roune.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)945 : Marke schuld ȝeld vnhold..Þe ferþ ȝer -- aferly roun -- Þre hundred barnes fre.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3987 : Thoru mi moder red and run [Trin-C: roun], I stal him fra his benisun.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24163 : O quam sal i nu cri and call, I redles vte o ron..Quat es me for to don?
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1016 : Þe lefdy leued her rounes, And granted by conseilyng To be yspoused to Philippe þe kyng.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)244 : A riall roune þou me redis, a reson of blis.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3259 : He wes..swiðe weliðæwed, rad-ful and rihtwis, and a mete run-hende [Otho: hende].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6467 : He wolde holden run.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12642 : Ofte heo eoden to ræde, ofte heo heolden rune [Otho: ȝeode to roune].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12958 : Þer heo heom bi-twenen heolden heore runen.
- ?a1300 Sirith (Dgb 86)71 : Wile þi louerd is in toune, Ne mai no mon wiþ þe holden roune.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26938 : Sum men..Til oþer men telles þair folis, And sais amang riot ron [Frf: rone], 'Alle men wat wel þat i ha don.'
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)6438 : Þey are loggyd in þis toun, I wyl goo and aspye þer roun.
d
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15974 : He sette..þa nomen of þan tunen on Sexisce runen.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)13757 : Egle ys ern on Englische roun; Þat was þe Romayns gunphanoun.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)1693 : Þe soudan..seyde wyth a ruly roun, 'Now þyn help, God Mahoun.'
e
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)89 : Helche rune he iherð and wat alle deden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)7034 : Ich habbe oft ihærd hoh-fulle ronenen [?read: ronen] imong þine hired-monnen, heo hatieð þe swiðe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)7756 : He..in ælche tune hercneden þa runen whær heo mihten ifinden speken of swulche childe.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1170 : Dahet euer suich budel in tune Þat euer bodeþ unwreste rune, An euer bringeþ vuele tiþinge.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1218 : Yuel þe bifalle, þou conioun, þou hast yseyd to loude þi roun!
- c1390 Vrn.Mir.Virg.(Vrn)146/49 : What is al þat pryue roun Þat þou whistrest her vp and doun?
f
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)8/39 : Nalde ha nane ronnes ne nane luue-runes leornin.
- ?a1300 Thrush & N.(Dgb 86)2 : Somer is comen wiþ loue to toune, Wiþ blostme, and wiþ brides roune.
- a1350 Bytuene mersh (Hrl 2253)38 : Geynest vnder gore, herkne to my roun.
- a1350 Lenten ys come (Hrl 2253)2 : Lenten ys come wiþ loue to toune, wiþ blosmen ant wiþ briddes roune.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)219 : Þe last resun of alle þis ron [Göt: roune; Frf: resoun] Sal be of hir concepcion [Frf: concepcioun].
- a1400 Cursor (Phys-E)21911 : Mikil leuer war him to here Hu roland iuste..Or oue a roteroigne rede a rune Þan of ure lauerde passiune.
2.
(a) A cry of lamentation or anger; also, an animal cry; (b) the note or call of a trumpet; reden the right ~ [cp. reden v.5b.(c)].
Associated quotations
a
- a1350 Lenten ys come (Hrl 2253)29 : Deawes donkeþ þe dounes, deores wiþ huere derne rounes, domes forto deme.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)1814 : Wiþ sorwe & care & reweful roun [vrr. roon; ron]..Þai went him til a chepeing-toun.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)461 : Þe lyoun..breyde away wyth hard roun The grypes wynge.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)941 : Ech day he sente to toune Þat fowle þyng, To aske batayle wyth rufull roune Aȝens þe kyng.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)972 : Syr Gyffroun vp-on hys scheld Was y-bore hom fram þe feld Wyth care and rufull roun [Lamb: rowme].
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)3510 : The knyght kest A rewfull rowne There he stode, sore and vnsownde.
b
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)510 : Þai blewen þe riȝt kinde And radde þe riȝt roun.
- c1330 Horn Child (Auch)1073 : Wiþ trump & tabourun out of toun þus þai redde þe riȝt roun, Ich man as he wold.
3.
A written or inscribed character, letter; a runic letter; ?also, magic runes [last quot.]; also, Scripture [quot.: a1400]; ~ staf [OE rūn-stæf], a letter, character.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1596 : Þis writ com to Fraunce to þan freo kinge: He hit lette raden; leof him weren þa runen [Otho: roune].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4967 : He lette a-ræren..enne..stan; he lette þer-on grauen sælcuðe run-stauen hu he Rodric of-sloh.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12646 : Þan kaisere heo radden þat he write runen [Otho: he writes makede].
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2040 : Bi water he sent adoun Liȝt linden spon; He wrot hem al wiþ roun; Ysonde hem knewe wel sone.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15230 : Þan he tok þe bred and brack, Als it es redd in run [Göt: rune].
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)15695 : He knew alle manere roun & many manere coniurison.
4.
As surname and in place name.
Associated quotations
- (1181) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)265 : Runewelle.
- (1181) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)265 : Runewelle.
- (1202-18) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)266 : Ronewelle.
- (1272) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)266 : Romwell.
- (1327) Sub.R.Stf.in WSAS 7218 : Ricardus Roune.