Middle English Dictionary Entry
rǒundel n.
Entry Info
| Forms | rǒundel n. Also roundelle, rondel, rondeal, rundel(le & (in surname) rundal. |
| Etymology | OF rëondel, rondel, rondea(u)l, rundel & rëondele, rondelle & ML rondella, rondellus, AL rundellus. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) An ornamental ball or knop; also, a medicinal pellet [quot.: ?c1450]; (b) a round slice of leek or onion; a round loaf of bread; (c) ~ of the eie, the iris of the eye; (d) a ripple resulting from a stone's being cast on water; (e) the top of a hill; also, the top tier of a sideboard, perhaps ofcircular shape; (f) a halo; (g) ?a circular piece of metalwork on which to lay a fire; (h) a crescent; in a ~, in an arc.
Associated quotations
a
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ex.25.31 : Thou schalt make a candilstike..and thou schalt make the schaft therof, and ȝerdis, cuppis, and litle rundelis [WB(1) (Bod 959): lytyll ballis; L sphærulas].
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)44/12 : Take sugar, salt, and a lytill oyle of violet, and do it in a fryinge-panne..and late it sethyn tyll þat it be thykke; and make þanne magdaleonys, lytill rowndell as myche as smale stonys, awelong.
b
- a1325 Add.46919 Cook.Recipes (Add 46919)57.58/3 : Corf oygnouns & frie heom in oyle of alemauns & soþþen do þe roundeles of þe oignons abouen.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)326/14 : Frote þe emoroydes..or rubbe ham..ofte tymes wiþ a rowndel of a leek [*Ch.(1): rotulo of an onyon; L rotulo cepe].
- (?a1450) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.12029 : Item, ordeigne est et establi..que nul de lour artifice desore en avaunt vend nul roundel ne escu de..payn.
- (?a1450) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.120169 : Item, que null pestour vend aucun roundell ne escu ne chunx de payn demayne a null regratier de payn pur mettre a vent.
c
- c1450 Metham Physiog.(Gar 141)124/20 : In euery hole eye be thre partys: that ys, tha qwyte or balle off the eye; the cerkyl or the roundel off the eye, [etc.].
d
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)791,798 : Yf that thow Throwe on water now a stoon..hyt wol make anoon A litel roundell as a sercle..Every sercle causynge other Wydder than hymselve was; And thus fro roundel to compas, Ech aboute other goynge.
e
- c1425 Liber de Hyda in RS 45233 : Begyn fyrst by est Manyngford, on the kynges hyȝe wey, evyn to the slade, and thanne north along to the smal path; fro the smal path to the slade; than to the roundel [L rotunditatem] of the hylle.
- (1468) Doc.in Bentley Excerpta Hist.235 : A copborde in triangle of ix stages..rychely inramplisshid with coppes..uppon the roundell a copp that contaynid the circuite of the triangle.
f
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2128-9 : Ȝe ne seoth it nouȝt bi-leued Þat þere nis depeint a Roundel al-a-boute þe heued; Þat rondel men cleopiez þe diademe, for manie i-seien þat cas, bi þe diademe of is brayne þat he holi was.
g
- (1325) *Acc.Exch.K.R.165/1.m.4 [OD col.] : Item, eidem pro ij Rondeles de ferro ad ignem iacendum [read: iaciendum], iiij d.
h
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)452 : Man may bi þe Mone i-seo, þe ȝwyle heo is neowe riȝt, A luyte rondel ase a sikel.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)71b/b : Þer ben þre scharpnes oþer schiltrouns off bones in þe fote; In þe firste þer ben þre bones gaderde to gidere as it were in a roundel.
2.
A short poem on two rimes, with the opening line(s serving as refrain in the middle and at the end; ?also, such a poem set to music for singing; in ~, in the form of such a poem.
Associated quotations
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1529 : Arcite hadde romed al his fille And songen al the roundel lustily.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2727 : I have ofte assaied Rondeal, balade, and virelai For hire on whom myn herte lai To make.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.948 : Of swich matere made he many layes, Songes, compleyntes, roundels, virelayes.
- (?1407) Hoccl.Somer(1) (Hnt HM 111)31 : This rowndel shul we synge & seye In trust of yow & honour of your name.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)675 : Fyrst were chosen foules for to synge, As yer by yer was alwey hir usaunce To synge a roundel [vr. rundell] at here departynge.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.353 : This said poete..Maad and compiled ful many a fressh dite, Compleyntis, baladis, roundelis, virelaies.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)423 : He made..many an ympne for your halydayes, That highten balades, roundels [vrr. roundeles, roundellis, Roundeals], virelayes.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)104/3119 : For folk say short song is good in ale, That is the cause in rundelle y hem write.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)156/4654 : Pray me that y wolde suche labour take Of ther complayntis as they to me tolde In a Roundelle or balade them to make.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)102 : There I make hem heere songes, roundelles [F Rondiaus] and ballades and swete sownes of harpes, of simphannes.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)1/16 : Y made for her loue songges, balades, rondelles, viralles, and diuerse nwe thinges.
- a1500(1429) Lydg.Hen.VI Coron.Roundel (Hrl 7333)head.p.622 : Here endith þe genologie of Kyng Henry þe Sext, and folowith a roundell of him ayens his coronacioun.
3.
As surname.
Associated quotations
- (1275) Hundred R.Tower 1221 : Thom' de Rundal.
- (1310) Pat.R.Edw.II340 : William Roundel.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. roundel.