Middle English Dictionary Entry
ringen v.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | ringen v.(2) Also ring(e, ringge, rengen, (early) ringue, hringe, hrinȝe; sg.3 ringeth, etc. & ringetz, ringguth; ppl. ringing(e, etc. & ringin, ringant, (error) rykande; p. rang(e, rō̆ng(e, runge, rǒunge & (error) rongen; pl. runge(n, etc. & (early) ringden, ringeden; ppl. runge(n, rǒungen, iroung, rong, i)ronge, rōnge, rongon, (early) irunge(n & (error) regon, (early error) ȝerinde. |
Etymology | OE hringan, p. hringde; strong forms are by analogy with forms of clingen v., singen v., etc. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To ring (a bell), toll, sound; ring (a peal); ~ oute; ~ to prime, ring (a peal) at prime; (b) to announce (certain times, events) by bell-ringing; ~ curfeu (mid-dai, mid-night); ~ houres (laudes, matines, non, prime, tide, itides, undern); ~ holi, ?ring for a holy day; ~ knil (soule-knil); ~ sacring; (c) in fig. senses: ~ belle, to speak (in a certain way), sound a note (of envy, contention, flattery, slander); also, disclose secrets, blab; ~ hire (mi) belle, rebuke her (me), censure; ~ youre belle, ?admonish you, warn you.
Associated quotations
a
- 1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1131 : Þa muneces..sungen Te Deum Laudamus, ringden þa belle, setten him on þes abbotes settle.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)933 : He falleþþ..I Godess wraþþe..Ȝiff þatt he wære reckelæs To ringenn hise belless.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14693 : Þus heo wuneden here an hundred and fif ȝere þat neuere com here Cristindom..no belle i-rungen, no masse isunge.
- a1225 Wint.Ben.Rule (Cld D.3)97/8 : Be þam ȝodcundan tyde hu careful sceall beon þeo bellrinȝestre þat hiȝ beon ariht ȝerinde [read: ȝeringde].
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)7/27 : Ne mostes þu iheren..Þeo bellen rungen, [þet un]ker becnunge wæs, Ne holie lore.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)59/1016 : Or eny day was sprunge, Oþer belle irunge, Þe word bigan to springe Of Rymenhilde weddinge.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)390 : Ich wille þat þo[u] suere On auter and..On þe belles þat men ringes.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11215 : At seinte marie churche a clerc þe commun belle rong.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)208 : Homme de corde seyn sonne: Man with rope belle ryngguth.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)89/1642 : Vppon his euen to euensong Men rongen þo þreo peles long.
- a1400(?c1300) LFMass Bk.(Roy 17.B.17)401 : Þen tyme is nere of sakringe, A litel belle men oyse to ryng.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)20.58 : Religiouse reuerenced hym and rongen [vr. rong] here belles.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.37/26 : The chanons..began to synge Te deum laudamus, And the peyll of bell was roonge.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)2602 : Euene was come, & silens bell rong.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)600 : When þat þay herde þe geant rare, For joye þe bellis þay rynge.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)351 : Whenne þey runggen vndernbelle, He rod in Londone.
- c1450 Brut-1431(1) (Eg 650)448/15 : All þe belles in London were regon [read: rengon].
- c1453(c1437) Brut-1436 (Hrl 53)574/15 : Sir Iohn Radcliff sent word..to þe Daywach of þe toune in þe nonetyme to rynge out the larom bell.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)164/9 : Yn þe deþ of a man þer at hys knyle, þre tretys schuld be rongen [vr. songon].
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.Suppl.Hrl.(Hrl 2403)302/16 : Þen he yede and rounge all þe belles in þe abbey.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)17 : If any man Runge þe belle and hadde no cause, he shuld be ded.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)18 : This Emperour..hath y-made a lawe..that a bell shal be y-Roung; This bell..owith to be Rounge aȝen vicis.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)102/8 : Þan schal þe belle be rungyn wel lenger.
- c1525 Rule & T.St.Francis(2) (Fst D.4)575 : We ordeyn that sylens be kept after that complenn be done till the first pele to pryme of the next day folowinge be runge.
b
- a1225 Wint.Ben.Rule (Cld D.3)97/11 : Sy þære abbodesse ȝyemen..þæt man ealle ȝetida..on rihtne timan & ȝeðafenlice hrinȝe, odðe heo sylf ælce tide hringe.
- ?a1300 Fox & W.(Dgb 86)251 : Þi soule-cnul ich wille do ringe, And masse for þine soule singe.
- a1350 Horn (Hrl 2253)58/1025 : Matynes were yronge & þe masse ysonge.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)63/1354 : Men sschal sone ringe corfour.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.413 : Samnianus..ordeynede þat þe houres of the day schulde be ronge [L horæ diei..pulsarentur] at chirches.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)970 : Þoght men rong [vr. runge] noun at þe cherche, Ne here helpe hadde be, þat was so nere.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7282 : Men..ouerlong ete flesshe and drunke Aftyr þat mydnyght ys runge.
- a1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)p.56 : No ffysshere..ne schal bygge ffysch..for to aȝen selle, er þat vndren be y-ronge.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1587 : He sall haue maundement tomorne or myddaye be roungen.
- (1441) Visit.Alnwick8b : We enioyne yowe..that..as complyne is sayde ye alle go to the dormytorye, not to come owte save to matynes vn to pryme be runge on the morwe next aftere.
- (1447) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 11117 : A Lytell belle..yn the chancell..for to ryng sacryng.
- a1475 VPhilibert (Brog 2.1)p.24 : Thy knyl is ronge, Thy dyrge is done.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.287 : Men vsyn in Satirdayys & in vigilijs to ryngyn holy at mydday.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)121/180 : This same day at morne I thaym left in the corne, when thay rang lawdys.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)23 : My spyrit was raveschyd and departyd fro my body and also my knyll rongon for my saule.
c
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1728 : Perse after his false tunge Hath so thenvious belle runge, That he hath slain his oghne brother.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.452 : So lowde his [Contention's] belle is runge That of the noise and of the soun Men feeren hem in al the toun.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1062 : O, rolled shal I ben on many a tonge! Thorughout the world my belle shal be ronge!
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5266 : Fooles can not holde her tunge; A fooles belle is soone runge.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1929 : Thei stryuen who best ryng shal þe belle Of fals plesance..If þat oon can bet than other deceyue.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)8516 : Vrak in no wyse myght for-bere Her sustres sothes..to telle, She thought She wold rynge her bell.
- c1450(?a1405) Lydg.CBK (Frf 16)262 : Fals-report so loude ronge the belle, That Mys-beleve and Fals-suspecioun Haue Trouthe brought to hys dannacioun.
- a1500(1381) Knighton Chron.Contin.(Cld E.3)139 : Jon Balle gretyth ȝow wele alle and doth ȝowe to understande he hath rungenȝoure belle.
- a1500 Parton.(1) (Add 35288)6139 : When..þes wemmen had wel I-ronge Here belle, wyche was heuy to here [vr. bere], Thys lady had boþe shame and fere.
2.
(a) To ring a bell, ring a peal of bells; ring (at a door, gate); -- also impers.; ~ ayen, greet (sb.) with bell-ringing; ~ in, ring a final peal before a service [quot.: 1483]; ~ al in, ?ring a final peal before a service; ?summon everyone to church by a final peal; (b) ~ to, to announce (mass, a service, etc.) by bell-ringing; -- also impers.; hit rong with evensong belle, the vesper bell rang; (c) to make (sth.) ring, resound, or re-echo; -- also without obj.; strike (sb.) like a bell; ring at (a gate).
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)454/197 : To churche he wende with is men; men gunne a-ȝein him ringue.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.35 : Þe clerk that ryngetz on the half thursday at euen ssal han iiij d. for his trauaille.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)166/19 : On þe morwe men ronge & songe masses þrouȝ-out London.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.27/27 : He range at the doyr and oure porter opynde to hym.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)174/1 : To him þat ryngeþ or clepith, hit schal be opened.
- c1450(?c1400) Wycl.Elucid.(StJ-C G.25)34 : Aske & ȝe schal resseyue, sekiþ & ȝe schal fynde, rynge at þe ȝate & it schal be opened to ȝow.
- c1450 Dives & P.(Lchf 35)1.34 : Why men ryngen in vigyles at mydday.
- (1462) Duties Diacon.in Sharp Illustr.Papers122 : Þe..dekyn schall ryng all in to matens..; item þe sayd dekyn schal be at þe churche agayn be iij off cloke to help to ryng all in to evynsong.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.928 : The people..commaunded the Saturday at noon to ryng, And after kepe it holy day.
- (a1483) Rec.St.Stephen in Archaeol.5051 : Thei [clerks] shal..be for the last pele warne the moroues masse preste, and aske hym if shal rynge alle in.
- 1483 Cath.Angl.(Monson 168)308 : To Rynge jn: conclassitare.
- c1500 Cleges (Ashm 61)163 : The sclepyd to it rong at þe chyrche, Godes seruys forto wyrche.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)102/6,19 : At alle þe houres þey schal first a litel ringe..at þe leuacioun, þey schal ringe a litel in þe masse conuentuel withowte more.
b
- c1390(c1350) NHom.(2) Corp.Chr.(Vrn)174/132 : Þe Cristene Mon herde Rynge to Mas.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.425 : Þe daye dawed..That men rongen [vrr. range, rounge, ronge; C: rang] to þe resurexioun, & riȝt with þat I waked.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)931 : Claplaynez [read: Chaplaynez]..Rungen ful rychely..To þe hersum euensong of þe hyȝe tyde.
- a1425 Iesu þat wolde (LdMisc 463)p.196 : If man..here to þe messe ringe..And liþ stille and nile not rise, Þan he is slouȝ in godes seruise.
- (1447) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 11117 : Item, A Lytell belle for the hye Autr to ryng to sacryng..A belle..for to ryng to holy witt [?read: writ] yer-wyth Sondayes.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)14914 : Þe bataylle..dured al the day..tyl that hit rang with evesong belle.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4045 : To rynge to matyns þai began.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)93/29 : Hit shall be ronge all-only in the same dayes to goddis service.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)5.413 : Savinianus..ordeynede that peple scholde rynge to the howres in churches.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)112/2 : It is noȝt to be rongen to the seruyse of the tenebres with bellis, but with tabeles of wode or bordes.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)97 : Thei rounge to messe of the day.
c
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2431 : The statue of Mars bigan his hauberk rynge.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)12.606 : O kyngis Kyng..Louyng record and rynge her stryngis chaste To thyn honour.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3094 : Wyth rappys I þe rynge.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)40/22 : Almes axes heuenes, it goth be-for the ȝeuer, it ryngez [SC(1): pulsat] the gate of the kyngdam of heuen.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)123/25 : Loke ȝe rynge wele in ȝour purs, For ellys ȝour cawse may spede þe wurs.
- a1500(?a1425) Ipom.(2) (Hrl 2252)788 : He..blew a grete horne also; He blew lowde..That it ronge all þe castelle.
3.
(a) Of a bell: to ring, sound; (b) of a musical instrument, a voice, a sound: to sound well, sound loudly, resound; ppl. ringinge, resounding, sounding well; (c) of a place, a room, an ear: to reverberate with sound, re-echo; (d) to produce a ringing noise; also, jingle; also, generate a sound by percussion; of a sound: reverberate, echo; ppl. ringinge as adj.: clanging, ringing; (e) of a canonical hour: to be announced by the ringing of a bell.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)901 : Godd..wollde himm sellf Þa belless herenn ringenn, Whannse þe preost wass shridd tærwiþþ To gan till Godess allterr.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12219 : Bemen þer bleowen; bellen þer ringeden [Otho: rongen].
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)110/2250 : So stod Beues in þat þring Til noun belle be-gan to ring.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)63/1363 : Corfour belle ringge gan.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.219 : Þe belle aboute his nekke anon schulde rynge.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3655 : The belle of laudes gan to rynge.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20699 : Dos þe belles all at ring [Trin-C: to ringe].
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)195 : Mony bellez ful bryȝt of brende golde rungen.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)20/24 : When þe bel ringis..ga in-to þe kyrke til godys seruise.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.4499 : A smal belle herd ryngyng, To that prouynce thymage dede enclyne.
- c1440(a1401) Life Bridlington in NM 71 (Yale 331)p.145 : Als sone as euer þe bel rang To messe or matyns or euynsang..To þe kirk he went.
- a1450 Dux Moraud (BodPoet f.2)178 : I here A belle ryngant ful nere, Ȝendyr in þe kyrk.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)529 : Thay meruelde why þe bellis so range.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)150/27 : Yn processyon bellys ryngyþe, baners ben borne befor, þe crosse comyþ aftyr, and all þe pepull suyth.
b
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2600 : Now ryngen [vr. ryngeþ] trompes loude and clarioun.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)333b/b : Þe voice is clere þat sowneþ wel and ryngeþ wiþoute eny hosenes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)334b/b : Cymbales beþ instrumentz of musik & beþ y-smyte togideres & sowneþ & ryngeþ.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)150.5 : Loues him euer in lande In chimbes ful wele ringande [L benesonantibus].
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1082 : Aungelles wyth instrumentes of organes and pypes, And rial ryngande rotes..Aboutte my Lady watz lent.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2337 : Wyth a rykande [read: rynkande] rurde he to þe renk sayde, 'Bolde burne, on þis bent be not so gryndel.'
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)53b/a : Ptongus: a song ryngyn.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)3521 : Trompe blewe, & greyles ronge, On boþe parties þer batailles sprong.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)151/4 : Þe fend..dredyþe hym wondyr sore when he heryþ þe Kyngys trompes of Heuen ryng.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)98/39 : The stevyn of angell voce it smote, And rang now in myn ere.
- a1500 Tundale (Adv 19.3.1)1987,1995 : All maner instrumentys seer..Gaffe ther sown and wer ryngand..The instrumentys rong ther full schryll And noo travaylle was don ther tyll.
c
- a1350 Lenten ys come (Hrl 2253)12 : Þis foules singeþ ferly fele..þat al þe wode ryngeþ.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3215 : He made anyghtes melodye So swetely that al the chambre rong [vrr. roong, ronge].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pri.(Manly-Rickert)B.1803 : He Alma redemptoris gan to synge So loude that al the place gan to rynge.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15040 : All þai sang als wit a muth þat all þe cite rang [Frf: range].
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1698 : Rocheres roungen bi rys, for rurde of her hornes.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)1 Kings 3.11 : Y make a word in Israel, which word who euer schal here, bothe hise eeris schulen rynge [WB(1): shulen tynclen; L tinnient].
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)16754 : The hilles of here strokes rong.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)775 : So kinlid þe clarons þat all þe cliffe rynges [Dub: rongen].
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1385 : Now tenelis vp taburs, and all þe toun rengis.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)663/16 : They hurled togydirs and brake their spearys..that all the castell range of their dyntys.
- a1500(?a1410) Lydg.CB (Lnsd 699)75 : It was a verray heuenly melodie..Of vncouth warblis & tewnes drawe along, That al the gardeyn of the noise rong.
d
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2204 : Þene herde he of þat hyȝe hil, in a harde roche..a wonder breme noyse..hit rusched & ronge, rawþe to here.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.2467 : Euery stroke..Range in þe eyre.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.3462 : Þe slauȝter was so hidous & so strong, Þat þoruȝ þe feld þe woful noyse rong.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.233 : Jupiter, that maketh the thondre rynge.
- ?c1430(?1382) Wycl.Pet.Parl.(Corp-C 296)520 : A worldly preest..wiþ fatte hors, and jolye and gaye sadeles, and bridelis ryngynge be þe weye.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)1135 : Þe gyues aboute his fet þey rynge.
- c1450(c1353) Winner & W.(Add 31042)39 : Bernacles with thayre billes one barkes þay roungen.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)214 : Haukes..With theire bellys so brighte blethely..ryngen.
- c1450(c1400) ?Clanvowe Cuckoo & N.(Frf 16)41/99 : I herde..A nyghtymgale so lustely singe, That with her clere woys she made rynge Thro out al the grene wode wide.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)633 : As myghti herte in ryngynge herneysinge, So gentil wit wil in good metris springe.
- c1460 Lo karmentis (Dub 432)6 : Lo, Tubal cayme þat furst fonde arte of songe By soundyng of hamors as þei ronge.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)30/18 : Than they fought togiders, that the noyse and the sowne range by the watir and woode.
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)62 : Laddes..Ronnen radly in route wyt ryngande noyce.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)649 : The kynge..threwe down the swerde, that in the fallinge he myght here it ringe cler.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)17/12 : They..fersly ouersayle hame al wyth wepyn ryngynge.
e
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.662 : Thise riotours..Longe erst er pryme rong of any belle Were set hem in a tauerne to drynke.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1966 : I lete hem werken in hir wise Til euensong rong [vr. ringe] and that they moste arise.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)1614 : Þey no stynten neuere of fyȝhtyng, Til þe euesong con rynge.
- (1440) Visit.Alnwick252b : Go ryght forthe to the dormytorye and not come owte to the morne aftere that pryme rynge, save alle onely to matynes.
4.
(a) To make (sth.) known, make public, proclaim; ~ oute, speak out (a sermon, speech) clearly and forcibly; (b) to speak loudly or shrilly; ~ of, complain about (sth.); (c) ~ in-to, to translate (sth.) into (another language).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.331 : Whan I preche, I peyne me to han an hauteyn speche And rynge [vr. I ryng] it out as round as gooth a belle.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21306 : Ilkan o þaim [the Evangelists] þair lar þai lere, And ringes [Göt: And renges; Trin-C: Oon ringeþ] to þe werld at here, Dinnes þe toþer, trumpes þe thrid..þe first has bell, þe toþer timpan.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4976 : A purpose cast shuld nat be ronge Nor spoke a-brood amonges folkes rude.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1615 : He rong hem out a proces lik a belle Upon hire foo.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)1082 : This grete merveyle þorw þe town is runge.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)5322 : Your style of worthynes is ronge Thurgh-out þe world.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1655 : Allas, thus was her shame yronge..on every tonge!
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1720 : Blow thy trumpes..And ryng this folkes werk be note, That al the world may of hyt here.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)1.276 : She lerned of nature the prevy weyes alle That ony phylysophre be his doctryne had rvnge.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.3896 : The sely tonge may wel rynge and chymbe Of wrecchednesse that passed is ful yoore.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1796 : Boy Bakbytynge, Ful redy in robys to rynge, Ful glad tydynge..I trow þow brynge.
c
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)prol.174 : Ovte of grev he hath it first runge, This holy lyf, in to latyn tunge.
5.
In surname.
Associated quotations
- (c1273) Hundred R.Tower 2161 : Henr' Ringebell.
- (1308) in Ewen Surnames Brit.325 : Rich. Ringgebelle.