Middle English Dictionary Entry
rēder(e n.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | rēder(e n.(1) Also redar(e, ridar. |
Etymology | OE rǣdere; also cp. ME rēden v.(1). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) One who reads or peruses something written; (b) one who reads or recites aloud; (c) a clerk responsible for reading or expounding religious works; also, a reader at collation; (d) a cleric who reads the lessons in a church service; a cleric in the minor order of reader, lector; one who exercises similar functions in the Old Testament; a Jewish scribe [quot.: a1382]; (e) ?one who lectures; ?one who learns or reads; (f) one who interprets difficult or mysterious things; an interpreter of dreams; drem ~, one who interprets dreams or foretells the future from them [see also drem n.(2) 3.]; (g) an adviser, a counselor.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) Prol.Is.(Bod 959)6 : We forsoþe, to þe profit of rederis purueynge, þe newe remenyng with a newe maner of writing han deuydid.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.69 : Here a wys redere [Higd.(2): lector; L lector] demeþ, as hym semeþ, where Alcluid was i-buld.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)8b/a : Al þat schal be seid is I-take of autentik bokes..& compile schortliche witoute Idilnesse, and þat by alle þe titles wys reders may assaye.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26502 : Vnder-stand me wel, þou reder, Quat birthyn mai þis wordes bere.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)201/7 : Me þouȝte þat it was necessarie..þat þe redere of þis book mai knowe þe causis of apostyms.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)210/34 : Wherfore I preye to all the rederes [F lisantz] & hereres of this boke..þat þei wolde preyen to god for me.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)132 : Over the gate, with lettres large iwroughte, There were vers iwriten..'Be glad, thow redere [vr. redar], and thy sorwe of-caste; Al open am I.'
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)426 : Redare, of bokys: Lector.
- c1450 Metham Days Moon (Gar 141)148/13 : This tretys..off odyr thingys..tretyth, as the rederrys schal fynde.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)33/30 : Inspire, Lord, all þe rederes of þis book.
- (c1456) Pecock Faith (Trin-C B.14.45)122 : Therfore, as Austyn in the first chapiter of his iiie book of the Trinite..desirith of alle reders and heerers of hise bokis, so y desire.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)102b : A Reder: lector.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)20/11 : He shewith by apparence..the pryncipall purpose..dyvydyng this boke in x distinctions or bookes..specially for the profite of the reders [L legentium].
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)38/20 : For and a booke be falsely wretyn, it shall make the reders for to erre.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)46/30 : Ich bidde & biseche þe..þet hwa-se-eauer boc writ of mi lif-lade..oðer hwa-se hit eauer redeð oðer þene redere bliðeliche lusteð.. wurðe ham alle sone hare sunnen for-ȝeuene.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2161 : Now is good to here, in fay, If ony be that can it say And poynte it as the resoun is Set..For a reder that poyntith ille, A good sentence may ofte spille.
- a1425 This blessyd boke (LdMisc 286)13 : In this boke is muche vertu to reders with deuocyown..Mych vertu he may him wynne that seys thes psalmes deuoutlye.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)400 : Þouȝ..he rediþ so faste þat his mynde may not holde cours wiþ his tunge..ȝit if þe reder..þinke in general vpon al maner good..he schal not laboure in ydil.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1070 : Ase þis holi man sat at is mete..Þis word þat ore louerd het is redare bi-fore him radde.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)15 : Moises yaf seruices gladliche as thei askeden..For to alle he yaf leue to be rederes [F lecteurs] of his paleys and to preche goddes lawe.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)6.257 : At dynerse and sopers usenge to have a reder [Trev.: lyster], delytenge specially in the bookes of seynte Austyn de Civitate Dei.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)103/27 : Also at þe colacioun..þe Redere schal sey, 'Iube domne.'
d
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)46/1295 : Ine þe alde laȝe þe redere Rede þe prophessye By wokke; So schulle þe rederes now Byrede [read: Hyrede].
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)47/1312 : Þe bysschop..Þe redyng bok hym takeþ And seyþ, 'tak and by-come redere Of word þat of god smakeþ.'
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Esd.8.10 : Kyng artaxerses to esdre, preest and redere of þe lawe of þe lord, greetynge.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)56/4 : Redars in Cristis chirche reeden hooli lessouns & tenten to her reding wiþ myndeful deuocioun.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)56/17 : Þise redars reden diligentli þat þat is tretable..wiþouten interrupcioun or ony fonned intermyssioun, wiþouten corrupting or ouere-hipping of lettir, word, or sillable, & þei schal coorde in charite.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)5.97 : Gayus the pope..ordeynede diverse degres of ordres in þe churche, as hostiary, reder [Trev.: lector; L lectorem], benette, accolette, and oþer.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)681/32 : Nomina dignitatum clericorum..lector: a redere.
e
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.361 : Plato cleped Aristotles hous þe redynge hous and wolde ofte seie 'Go we to þe reder his hous,' and when Aristotle was away, Plato wolde crye, 'Understondynge is away, þe audiens is deef.'
f
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.40.23 : Þe prouost of botlers forȝete of his dremreder [WB(2): expownere; vr. Joseph that declaride his dreem].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.41.8 : Pharao..sente to all the reders [L conjectores] of Egypte..told þe sweuen, & þer was not þat vndide it.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)426 : Redare, or expownder of thyngys hard to vndyrstonde [KC: redar or cow[n]celar in priuities]: Interpretator, edictor.
- a1475 Asneth (Hnt EL 26.A.13)157 : This ioseph was take out of the prison depe To rede hym right the redeles of his sweuenyng ..þat dreme redere I vtterly forsake.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)95 : Dremridars we calle þoo þat tentun to dremis, os if þey drem bi original and principal cause of God, or iuil or good bi led bi þe drem to do veynly or vniustly or to be chongid.
g
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)184/13 : Ac loke..uram kueade rederes [Vices & V.(2): counselors] and ne akse no red at foles.