Middle English Dictionary Entry
prī̆ǒur n.
Entry Info
Forms | prī̆ǒur n. Also prior, priur, (surname only) prier & prieux. |
Etymology | OE prior (from L) & ML prior, -ōris & OF prïor, prïeux. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The head or deputy head of a monastery or a house of mendicants, a prior; also, the head of a house of canons; (b) abbotes and (or) prioures; prioures chapele (cloistre); ~ and brether, ~ and covent; ~ dignite, a prior's rank or office; ~ of religioun, a prior; ~ provincial, the director of all the houses of a religious order in a province as designated by the order; maugre his chosen ~, although he was chosen prior; (c) fig.; (d) a priory; (e) a prioress; (f) a predecessor or superior; (g) in surnames and place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.73].
Associated quotations
a
- 1123 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1123 : Næfre ne luueden hi munece regol ac wæron æfre to gænes muneces & here regol and se prior & se munecas of Cantwarabyrig.
- a1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1127 : He wæs on his clærc hade biscop on Scesscuns; siððan warð he munec on Clunni, & siððon prior on þone seolue minstre.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)71/24 : He was imaked prior of þat hous.
- c1330 Roland & V.(Auch)356 : Þe first chirche..Was seyn Iames in galis Þat he lete arere, Wiþ an hundred chanouns & her priour.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.171 : Þat one after þat oþer was i-made priour in þe forseide place and afterward archebisshop of Canturbury.
- c1400(?c1384) Wycl.50 HFriars (Bod 647)368 : If he do þis offis frely..and ceesse not for prioure ne any oþir satrap..þei wil poursue hym as apostata.
- (1414) RParl.4.59b : His trewe lieges..desiren gretly to knowen whether this forseide Maner..be the Kynges or elles the Prioures.
- (1418) MSS PRO in App.Bk.Lond.E.291 : [The king asks] as many shippes as wol suffice for þe shippyng of þe priour of Kylmaynan wiþ cc horsmen & ccc footemen.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)350 : Þer [friars'] ordre lettiþ þes but ȝif þei han þer priours leeve.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)59/2 : Fel gret ple & gret heuynes be-twen þe Priowr, whech was her person & curat, & þe forseyd paryschenys.
- c1440 Tales Contrition (Thrn)7/19 : He was redy to schryfe hym till þe priore of þe Abbay of Saynte Victor.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5909 : Þe prior of þe mynstere Calde þaim to mete.
- (1455) Doc.in Gilbert Cal.Dublin 1287 : Hyt was ordeynyt..that the Priowrys of the fowre Orderys of Freyerys bryng up har Freyerys with ham.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.79/26 : To Archiebisshops, Bisshops, Abbotes, Priores, Erles, Barons, [etc.].
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)1150-51 : A prioure þat is a prelate of any churche Cathedralle, above abbot or prioure with-in the diocise sitte he shalle.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)99a : A Pryoure: prior; prioratus est dignitas eius.
b
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)121 : Thise abbotes and priours don aȝein here rihtes.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)67/30 : Þis zenne [murmuring] is ine..þe cloystrers aye þe abbottes and þe priours and hire officials, ase subprior and þe oþre.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)60 : He slow þe Pope þat þo was and alle þat he myȝt tille -- Cardynals, Abbotes & Pryours, monekys & frerys eke.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)10.267 : I rede..For abbotes and for prioures and for alle manere prelates..Alle manere men to amenden by here myȝte.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)11.56 : Freres wil..for þe biseke To her priour prouyncial a pardoun forto haue.
- (1418) MSS PRO in App.Bk.Lond.E.293 : [The King encloses a petition..from] þe Prieux and Couent of oure Cathedrale chirche of Bathe.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2694 : Oft I see suche losengours Fatter than abbatis or priours.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)138/25 : Prestys durst not howselyn hir opynly in þe Chirche but preuyly in þe Priowrys Chapel at Lenne.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)140/20 : Than a preyst toke hir in hys armys & bar hir in-to þe Priowrys Cloistyr.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)155/26 : Sche was in þe Priowrys Cloystyr & durst not a-bydyn in þe Cherch.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)687 : Abbotis and priouris were bysi..To haue relaxacioun of here obseruaunce.
- c1440(a1401) Life Bridlington in NM 71 (Yale 331)p.143 : Maugre his chosen prioure, Of his lifying he was meroure.
- (1441) Let.Coldingham in Sur.Soc.12117 : The pape Gregory ix made a constitucion thatt na monke of seynt Benett ordour..suld be promote to priore dignite or office.
- (1443) Will York in Sur.Soc.30131 : I bequethe the Priour and the Convent of Beauvall xx s.
- (1447) Shillingford7 : There was..dyvers abbottes and pryours and meny strangers.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)41/20 : Ponthus had his menne sworne to hym, both the prioure and the covent and the hermyte.
- (1464) Will Drayles in Antiq.8243 : I wyll that the pryoure and bretheryn of the hous of the seyd Fryers Carmys..shall keepe and hold my yeerly Menday.
- (1465) Doc.in Gilbert Cal.Dublin 1321 : Hit ys graunt..that the Priowr and covent of the frethyr Carmys of Dyvelyn shall have the lane.
- 1483 Cath.Angl.(Monson 168)291 : A Prioure dygnyte: prioratus.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)23 : Moche peple ye may fynde which to alchymy theire corage doth addresse..As popis with cardynales of dignitee..with abbottis & priours of religion.
c
- c1230 Ancr.(Corp-C 402)130/5 : A, weila..ȝef ei is imong ow þe geað i singularite..ut of þe floc þet is as in a cloistre þet iesu is heh priur ouer.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)151/8 : Þes yefþe is priour ine þe cloystre of þe zaule.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416:Everett)122/2 : Crist..is Abbot and Priour of þis cloister.
d
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)6.91 : It semeth nouht parfytnesse in cytees for to begge, Bote he be obediencer to pryour oþer to mynstre.
e
- a1225 Wint.Ben.Rule (Cld D.3)135/2-4 : Be þere priore [L De preposita monasterii]. Foroft hit ȝetimeð, þæt swiðe hefiȝtyme sace & unȝeþwernessa on mynstra aspringat þurh þare priore unnyhte dihtunȝe.
f
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.75 : He is to come after Joon, al if he be Joonis pryour.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.77 : Herfore seiþ Baptist of Crist: ''Þis is he þat Y seide of,'After me is to comen a man þe whiche is made bifore me,'for he was anoon my priour;'' For riȝt as Crist was a man, þe first tyme þat he was conseyved, so God made him þan priour of al his religioun.
g
- (1204) CRR(2) 3247 : Ricardus Priur.
- (1207) Fine R.King John457 : Henricus Prior.
- (1240) EPNSoc.4 (Wor.)314 : Prioris Clive.
- (1242-3) Bk.of Fees790 : Henricus Prior tenet in Stancumb xij partem j feodi.
- (1251) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms175 : Isabel le Priur.
- (1262) Select Pleas Manor.in Seld.Soc.2181 : Alexander Priur.
- (c1270) EPNSoc.21 (Cum.)436 : Priorhouue.
- (1274) Hundred R.Tower 1144 : Roberd Pryer.
- (1303) Acc.Chester in LCRS 5933 : John Priour.
- (1309) Pat.R.Edw.II244 : Hugh le Prioursweyn.
- (1327) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms175 : Lucia Prioure.
- (1338) Name in LuSE 356 : Priourman.
- (1393) Doc.Thaxted in Ess.ROP 3335 : [One piece of land next] Prioriscroft [extending by the road next] Mikeline [towards] Fromondecroft.
- (1397) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.69 : [A croft now called] le Priorescrofte [opposite Hereford castle].