Middle English Dictionary Entry
pǒund(e n.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | pǒund(e n.(2) Also pō̆nd(e, pū̆nd(e, pount, poinde, (early) punda, pun & pande & pend(e & (in place names) pand. |
Etymology | From OE pyndan v.; prob. also OE *pand, *pond, see Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames 158. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. pin-fold n.
1.
(a) An enclosure in which distrained or stray livestock are kept, a pound; also fig.; ~ breche, the illegal removal of stock from a pound; ~ lien, a fee paid for the release of impounded livestock; ~ man, an officer of a manor in charge of the pound; putten in ~, to impound (distrained livestock); (b) pl. poundes, the right to impound stray livestock; (c) an animal seized and carried off by raiders, esp. in time of war [cp. Scot. poynd in Wyntoun Chron. 6.268/48].
Associated quotations
a
- c1120(OE) Leges Hen.I in Liebermann Gesetze 1567 : Si pundbreche, id est, infractura par[r]ici..Pundbreche fit pluribus modis: emissione, enocacione, recepcione, excussione.
- (c1280) *Inquis.Miscell.Chanc.File 67.No.3(P.R.O.) [OD col.] : Dominus Thomas de Brad petiit octo denarios de punlayn de hominibus domini regis.
- (c1290) Britton 1 (Lamb 403)180 : Ceux qi ount fet prisoun en lour mesouns ou hamsokne ou pountbreche.
- (c1307) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms109 : Joh. Pundeman.
- (1319) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms109 : Sim. Pondeman.
- (1332) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms109 : Ric. Pondman.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)749 : Thou hast hem pynned in a pounde, Wiþ-oute warde of wouȝ or walle.
- (1432) in Sundby Dial.Wor.106 : Joh. Penne fecit le Pountbruch.
- (1464) RParl.5.559b : If the said yerely rent..be behynde..then it be lefull unto the same Priour..to take all the Goodes and Catalles..and all such distresse..to dryve, bere, lede, and cary, and to put in pounde.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)421 : Pride of men of þe world, þat wolen make hem siche poondis, is an oþer rote of consense aȝenus crist.
- a1525(?1469) Cov.Leet Bk.349 : When hys catell was take a thys syde the water of Whytley, they were broht to the pounde, and there he payd to the chamburlens off the cyte a fyne for hys catell.
b
- (1464) RParl.5.540b : Provided that this Acte..extende not..to John Acton..of th' Office of Raungeourship of Chaspell..with Poundes, Waifes, Strayes.
c
- (1433) Proc.Privy C.4.170 : Þe said subgittes of Scotland..have made upon þe Kinges subgittes many and divers rodes and taken many and sundry pondes, prayes, & prisoners and had þeim into Scotland as þough it were open werre.
2.
(a) A pond or pool [prob. orig. man-made by the impounding of water]; a fish pond; (b) a lake; ~ of fir, the lake of fire of the Apocalypse; ~ of occean, ?an inlet of a sea; (c) ~ hede, a dam of a pond; ~ hegge, the hedge by or around a pond; ~ hous, ?a building for the cistern or tank supplying water to a household or community; ~ peni, a levy for the maintenance of ponds; ~ yerd, a yard containing or adjoining a fish pond; (d) a pit or hole; also, a ditch or moat; (e) pil or ~, a meaningless designation for a period of time; in the speech of one pretending to be mentally retarded: this day or that day.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)64/1173 : My net hys ney honde In a wel fayr ponde [vr. pende].
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)106.34 : He sett þe desert in pondes of waters.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.19.10 : Þer shul ben his moiste thingis driynge, alle þat maden pondis [L lacunas] to ben caȝt fisshis.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.25 : Þere is a pond [Higd.(2): water; L stagnum] i-closed aboute wiþ a wal of tyle and of stoon; In þat pond men wascheþ and baþeth wel ofte.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.367 : Fisshe weres and pondes [vr. poundes; L vivaria].
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)12/298 : Þey him dreynte in a ponde [rime: honde].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)155b/b : A Ponde hat piscina and is water ygadrede to fedyng of fysshe, þogh ofte gaderyng of water withoute fisshe be yclepid piscina.
- c1400 Femina (Trin-C B.14.40)42 : Si vous failez en tel estank, Alez tauntost al ewe corant..ȝyf ȝe fayle in swych a pond, Goþ a non to water rennyge.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)40 : Otire..lyueth wiþ ffisshe and dwelleþ nye þe Ryuers and..poondes [F viviers] and stangkes.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)62a/a : Stagnum: a pownde.
- a1425 Roy.17.C.17 Nominale (Roy 17.C.17)652/35 : Nomina Fluminum..uiuarium: wywere. Stagnum: poynde..piscina: pole.
- (1442) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1387 : Item, for..kestyng water out of the pondes.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.Consulo (Hrl 2255)12 : With cormerawntys make thy nekke long, In pondys deepe thy prayes to recure.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)798 : Parkys, ponndys [read: poundys], and many pens, Þei semyn to ȝou swetter þanne sens.
- (c1450) Boothe be ware (CotR 2.23)p.228 : Hit is a shrewde pole, pounde, or a welle, That drownythe the dowghty and bryngethe hem abeere.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.44/10 : I will..þat þe..chanons..haue..in all my maners..pondis and ffischynges, fre fisshyng and fre entrye.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.179/25 : Waters, Milles, poundes, ffyssheweres, stewys.
- (1469-70) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.9993 : Pro 15 dentriculis emptis pro instauracione de lez Poundez apud le Westorchard, 2 s. 6 d.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)157/182 : I haue florens and fryhthis fre, parkys and powndys pleyne.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)660/26 : The..mynchons shold haue and holde all ther almesse and possessions..in pondis [L vivariis] and maryse.
- a1500 PFulham (Jas 43)51 : Y schall none pondes with pykes store, Breme, perche, ne with tenche.
b
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.175 : Vchone ben iugged after her werkes & helle & þe dede ben sent in to þe ponde [vr. pool; F estanc; L stagnum] of fyre, þat is, þe secounde deþ.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.179 : Þe ponde of fyre brennande wiþ brymston.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.25 : Þere is a grete ponde þat conteyneþ þre score ylondes couenable for men to dwelle ynne.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)168b/b : Saron is a mount bitwene mount thabor and þe ponde tyberiades.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)322a/b : In þe clif of a ponde of occean, alicioun in wynter makeþ hire nest.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)288/28 : Ihesu..stode be-side þe watur of Genazereth and sawe too shippes stonde by-side þe pownde.
c
- (1248) Rec.Crondal in Hamp.RS 351 : Reddit compotum de xlv li. vj s. ix d. ob. qu. de toto redditu assisæ in manerio de Crundalle cum pundpani.
- (1287) Rec.Crondal in Hamp.RS 384 : Reddendo inde per annum viij s. de gabulo, et iij d. de Pondpanny.
- (1339-41) Doc.Manor in MP 3441 : Pondyerd.
- (1375) Award Blount in ORS 7205 : Item, in Thropfilde conteynyth, fro Shipcott lane to the ponde hegge a bove the path waye, xxti. acres.
- (1376-8) in Davenport Nrf.Manorp.1 : De iiii s. de firma pasturae et fructus gardini manerii et herbagii de Pondyerd et Kecheneyerd.
- (1418-19) *Acc.R.Gt.Totham : [William Cook to repair]..pondhous.
- (1465) Acc.Howard in RC 57475 : Also, he oweth my master be comenaunt, the makynge of hys ponde hede at Bachoues.
- ?a1509 Doc.Melton in Bk.Brome (Brm)124 : Item, Willm. Becket for the ponde yerd, ij d.
d
- 1483 Cath.Angl.(Monson 168)286 : A Poonde: fossa, fovea.
e
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)6363 : 'In faythe, he [read: ye] held me for no fole When ye laye on the lande!' 'When was þat, I yow praye?' 'I can not verely tell the daye, Whedur hit were pul or pande!'..The [read: They] lowȝe all, bothe lesse & more.
3.
(a) In surnames; (b) in place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.69, 74].
Associated quotations
a
- (1206) CRR(2) 4208 : Ricardus del Pond.
- (1209) Pipe R.Winch35/13 : Levericus de Stocepunda.
- (1242-3) Bk.of Fees875 : Bartolomeus de la Ponde.
- (1268) EPNSoc.16 (Wil.)271 : John de la Punde.
- (1279) Hundred R.Tower 2373 : Alanus Attepond.
- (1290) Select Pleas Manor.in Seld.Soc.236 : Johannes de la Punde.
- (1297) Visit.St.Paul in Camd.n.s.5511 : Albreda atte Ponde.
- (1327) Sub.R.Som.in Som.RS 3130 : Adam atte Pounde.
- (1362) Reg.Edw.Blk.Pr.4.445 : Richard atte Ponde.
- a1500(1312) Cart.Boarstall in OHS 8824 : John atte Pounde.
b
- (1198) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)392 : Pandmad.
- (1225) EPNSoc.19 (Cmb.)341 : Eliasponde.
- (1235) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)391 : Le Pandland, le Pandfeud.
- (1283) EPNSoc.16 (Wil.)444 : La Horsponde.
- (1285) EPNSoc.14 (East Riding Yks.& York)21 : Pundagh.
- (a1300) EPNSoc.2 (Bck.)205 : La Pande.
- (1307) EPNSoc.7 (Sus.)495 : Pendlond.
- (1326) EPNSoc.11 (Sur.)364 : La Pende.
- (1345) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)619 : Le Pandstrete.
- (1345) EPNSoc.18 (Mid.)203 : Rothulvespond.
- (1361) EPNSoc.6 (Sus.)191 : Poundland.
- (1390) EPNSoc.12 (Ess.)357 : Pandfeld.
- (1422) EPNSoc.16 (Wil.)244 : Le Pounde.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.55va (2.7) : Item, alle þo þat cause viscouse humours, os poddynges and sawcestres, and euery mete þat is made of þe inward of beste..and skynnes of bestes and eles and euery ponde-fisshe.
Note: ?New cpd., for sense 2.(c). Cf. OED pond, n., compounds C2., pond fish n. (a) 'any of various fishes reared or kept in ponds; esp. the common carp', first recorded 1631. Editor's gloss: 'fish raised in ponds, farmed fish'.