Middle English Dictionary Entry
pī̆k(e n.(2)
Entry Info
| Forms | pī̆k(e n.(2) Also pikke, peke, piche, pig & (in place names only) pic, pick(e, bike; pl. pikes, etc. & pik, peke. |
| Etymology | Prob. from pī̆k(e n.(1). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The pike Esox lucius; ?a young pike [quot.: Trin-C.LEDict.]; also, a representation of a pike [quot.: 1457]; (b) ~ mongere, a fishmonger who sells pike; ~ panne, ?a pan for cooking pike; ~ sauce, a sauce served with pike; (c) in proverbs & proverbial expressions; clene as a (hole as ani, quert as) ~, healthy as a pike; (d) in surname & place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.63].
Associated quotations
a
- (1314) *Wardrobe Acc.Edw.II [OD col.]21/12 : Dars, roches, et pik.
- (c1330) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.9917 : 1 pyk et pisc. aque dulcis.
- (1345) Doc.in HMC Rep.9 App.143 : In 2 pikes, 2 s. 2 d.
- (1347-8) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100546 : Will'o Hostiario pro exp. suis piscando in Mordon Kerr pro pikes capiend.
- (c1375) Peace R.Lin.in Lin.RS 3027 : Thome Neuill..clausum..deburgauit et ibidem diuersas pisces, videlicet, anguillas et pykes..cepit.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)p.113 : For to make Rapy: Take pygis or Tenchis or other maner fresch fysch.
- (1393) Acc.Exped.Der.in Camd.n.s.52217/21 : Clerico coquine..pro pikes et carpes.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1419 : 'Old fissh and yong flessh wolde I haue feyn; Bet is,' quod he, 'a pyk than a pykerel.'
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.53 : Pykes in brasey. Take Pykes and undo hem on þe wombes and waisshe hem clene.
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.55 : Take the blode of pykes..and nyme the paunches of pykes.
- (1409) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.9953 : In 2 pyks de dawdenys per burs.
- (1415-16) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.103611 : Item, 4 pikys empt. pro domino Priore ad Pascha.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1041 : If a peyntour wolde peynte a pyk with asses feet and hede it as an ape, It cordeth naught.
- ?c1425 Arun.Cook.Recipes (Arun 334)437 : If hit be on fyssh day, make hit on the same manere of playsse or of codlynge or of eles or of pykes or of soles or tenches.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)244/4 : Þer-wyth sche sett a-wey þe reed heryng & ete þe good pike.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)943 : Lete him ete eles, Tench, or peke.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)396 : Pyke, fysche: Dentrix, lucius, lupus.
- a1450 Terms Assoc.(1) (Rwl D.328)604 : A peke y splett.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)155/12 : For the pyke, ye schall take a good fyne lyne of pak thryde.
- c1450 Trin-C.LEDict.(Trin-C O.5.4)593/45 : Lucillus: a pyke.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)56/12 : Take þe chawylbon of a pyk and brenne it in þe fyir till þou myth breke it to powdir, and vse of þat powdyr in potage..and þou schalt staunche of þe flyx.
- (1457) Will York in Sur.Soc.30214 : Unam albam peciam coopertam cum j pike.
- ?a1475 Gloss RSS in Sln.1986 (Sln 1986)56 : Pyke [glossing:] Lucius.
- ?a1475 Noble Bk.Cook.(Hlk 674)34 : Pyk in Braisselle: To mak pik in brasselle chope the pik when he is slit out.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)95a : A pyke: piscis, dentrix, lucius.
- (1480-82) Acc.St.Andrew Hubbard in BMag.32147 : Paid in expense..whan the Commissarie sat in the parish..on the morowe after for a pike to the commissarie.
- a1500(c1380) Chaucer Rosem.(Benson-Robinson)17 : Nas never pyk walwed in galauntyne, As I in love am walwed and ywounde.
- a1500 Herkyn to my tale (Adv 19.3.1)p.81 : Ther were wesels and waspes offeryng carte-saduls..Tho pyke [Prk:pekerel] and tho perche.
- a1500 PFulham (Jas 43)12 : Sumtyme where samons vsen for to haunte, Lampreys, luces, or pykkes plesaunte, wenyth the fyscher suche fysch to fynde.
- a1500 PFulham (Jas 43)51 : Y schall none pondes with pykes store, Breme, perche, ne with tenche.
- a1500 When nettuls (BodPoet e.1)p.269 : Whan..pykes have naturally fethers in ther crowne.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)764/1 : Hec poca: a pyche.
- a1525(?1431) Cov.Leet Bk.138 : Ther was gevon to the Duke of Gloucestre..xx pykes, xij bremes.
b
- (1459) Invent.Fastolf(2) in Paston Letters (Gairdner)3.189 : Coquena..iij pike pannys of brasse.
- (1464) Acc.Howard in RC 57252 : Item, the same day payd for a pyke and an ele that my mastyr owt the pykemonger before.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)562 : Pike, to youre souereyn y wold þat it be layd, Þe wombe is best..Fysche & skyn to-gedir be hit convaied with pike sawce ynoughe þer-to, & hit shalle not be denayd.
- -?-(1472) Reg.Freemen York in Sur.Soc.96193 : Ricardi Mounkton, pykemonger.
- -?-(1483) Reg.Freemen York in Sur.Soc.96207 : Ricardus Dent, pikemonger.
c
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)14008 : He layde him as brod & flat, as is a pike when he is splat.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.My Lady (Add 16165)69 : What is a fisshe out of the see..But ded..Or in ryuers..Pyke, baþe, or tenche..Out of þe water whane þey appere? Þus deethe darteþe myn hert kene Þer I seo naught my lady dere.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)315/310 : It schall drywe þe streythed all away And makyn hym as qwart as pyk in fay.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)328/864 : Rwe also distroith venym With-owtyn mannys body and with-in, And as a pyk makyth hym clene.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Glo 42)725/10 : And sche vse þis drynke..Sche schall be hole as any pyke.
- c1500(a1449) Lydg.Aesop (Trin-C R.3.19)239 : Grete pykes þat swymme in large stewes Smaller fysshe most felly þey deuour.
d
- (1154-89) EPNSoc.45 (Ches.)120 : Pichemere.
- (1180-85) EPNSoc.30 (West Riding Yks.)72 : Pikeburn.
- (1209) EPNSoc.45 (Ches.)120 : Pickmere.
- (1236) EPNSoc.45 (Ches.)120 : Pikemere.
- (1273) EPNSoc.45 (Ches.)120 : Pekemere.
- (1279) EPNSoc.30 (West Riding Yks.)72 : Picburne.
- (1280) EPNSoc.45 (Ches.)120 : Bykemere.
- (1303) EPNSoc.30 (West Riding Yks.)72 : Pyckeburn.
- (1323) EPNSoc.30 (West Riding Yks.)72 : Pykbourne.
- (1333) EPNSoc.45 (Ches.)120 : Pycmer.
- (1367) EPNSoc.45 (Ches.)120 : Pykmere.
- (1385) EPNSoc.45 (Ches.)120 : Pikmere.
- (1401) EPNSoc.30 (West Riding Yks.)72 : Pykburn.
- (1428) EPNSoc.30 (West Riding Yks.)72 : Pigburn.
- (1452) EPNSoc.45 (Ches.)120 : Pykmer.