Middle English Dictionary Entry
pā̆th n.
Entry Info
Forms | pā̆th n. Also pathe, peth(e, patthe, paththe, paith(e & (early pl.) pædes & (in names) paht, patha, pat(te, pad(e, padph, pith, pit. |
Etymology | OE pæþ |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A narrow passageway or route across land; a track worn by the feet of travellers or animals as opposed to an established road; a footpath, lane, by-way; also, a clear pathway hewn through enemy troops in battle [quot.: (a1420)]; (b) walking ~, a footpath; ~ wei, a path; beste ~, an animal trail; (c) fig. an action; a course of conduct, mode of behavior, way of life; also, a mode of thought, line of reasoning or belief; ~ of pes (resoun, rightwisnesse, vertu, etc.); ~ of lif, life; (d) a course over water; pathes of the se, lines of passage through or over the ocean; hevenli pathes, the pursuit of astronomy; whit ~ of heven, the Milky Way; (e) anat. an interior channel for nerves, muscles, veins, etc.; med. ~ of crise, ?the progress of a disease towards its turning point or crisis.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(OE) Wor.Aelfric Gloss.(Wor F.174)545/43 : Semita: peþ.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)562 : Logice hatte þat eit-lond; leode nere þar nane..buten westiȝe pædes [Otho: paþes].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15140 : He scal habben paþes weste and wildernesse inoȝe..his monscipe scal ualle.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)129 : Ich am his steuene, þe remeð in þis westerne, and þus queðinde: 'Makeð þe louerdes weies, and rihteð his peðes.'
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)380 : He..hupþ & stard suþe coue, An secheþ paþes to þe groue.
- a1300(OE) Deed Crediton (CotR 2.11)119 : Þis sint þalondes imeare þare ȝurd bi cridia: Erest on schokebrokes ford; þanne east on þan paþe on þan litel gore estward.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)268 : Schireues he sette..To yemen wilde wodes and paþes fro wicke men.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)1447 : A kastel he dude feste Wit water alby sette; Miȝt no man hon on legge By paþe ne by brigge.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)3545 : Þe helden þai nimeþ about strongliche, & þe Cristen aseyl..At þe brode paþe & narwe also.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)362 : Relement crest herbe en sente: Sylden waxus gres in the path.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1674 : Eche a kuntre worþ kept wiþ kud men..eche brug, eche payþe [?read: paþþe], eche brode weye.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1515 : From his courser with a lusty herte Into the groue ful hastily he sterte, And in a path he rometh vp and doun.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.1990 : Wher he pourposeth him to fare Upon his lucre and his beyete, The smale path, the large Strete..Al is bot on.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)332a/b : Semita is þe paþ of men, & callis is þe paþ of bestes wilde and tame.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10321 : Þer was a prest..Bysyde hys wonyng yn a paþ was a wasshyng yn an hote baþ.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10897 : Þere shepe gone wrong besyde þe paþ, Þe shepard cryeþ for drede of skaþe.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3215 : So hij wenden, by waye and paþe; To Macedoyne hij comen raþe.
- c1425 Liber de Hyda in RS 45233 : Begyn fyrst by est Manyngford, on the kynges hyȝe wey, evyn to the slade, and thanne north along to the smal path.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.865 : Þei fledde hym as þe deþ for fere, For where he rod, he made a path ful pleyn.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)730 : Tho wente I forth on my right hond Doun by a lytel path I fond, Of mentes full, and fenell grene.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)11a/b : Callis: a streyte paþ.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)46a/b : Orbita: a carte spore, or a paþe.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.2.99 : A dronke man not nat by which path he may retourne hom to his hous.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.2391 : Wer voises herd lik wood men in ther rages, Cry of goostis in cauernys & cauys, Herd in feeldis, paththis & passages.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)386 : Pathe, wey of beestys: Callis.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)33.33 : In to A lytel path there Entred he, The moste delytable that Evere myhte be, and ful of trees froyt berenge, Al grene, & ful of flowres.
- a1450 Bevis (Cai 175/96)174/3729 : Eyþir þe paþ eyþir be way [Auch: Siȝe þe eni leuedi her forþ lede Owhar be þis ilche way]?
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12992 : He purpast hym priuely in pathes to lye, Knightes, at his comyng to kacche hym olyue.
- c1450 Siege Troy(1) (ArmsAr 22)40/494 : Þe weder changed, y myst þe paþ, And lost my felowys euerychon.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.116/18 : Þe same Roger remittid..to his heyres A pathe þorowgh þe middull of þe same close.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)240/17 : Sir Gawayne in a streyte passage he hovyth tyll all the prayes were paste that streyte patthe that so sore he dredith.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)278 : I send the to thy provynours By all the pathys & the tovrs, ffor thow knowest the weye wel.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)302/33 : None other man ne men shold never clayme ne axe in the forsaid londis..medis, fedynges, places, weyes, pathes..ony right or clayme after the makyng of this relese.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)2.24 : Ho-so had hobblid þoru holtes and tounes, Or y-passid þe patthis þer þe prynce dwellyd..He shulde haue y-mette mo þan ynowe.
- a1500 Lady Prioress (Hrl 78)p.114 : He thought yt was a longe waye to the pathes end.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.5.6 : Þo þat wentyn yn by hem ȝedyn awey by beest paþis [WB(2): paththis; L calles] out of þe wey.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)16/5 : The aleyes of ȝoure orcherd ben ful longe and brode, whereynne ben manye walkynge paþis.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)386 : Pathe, wey of men [vr. pathwey for men]: Semita, orbita.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)49/36 : Then the blak knyght went into the forest by his pathe ways, as he was wonte to doo.
- -?-(a1450) Chron.Repton70 : Ranulphe..gave to the said chirch..libtie..in woodes, plaines, meadowes, waters, heighwayes, pathwaies, market, ande mylnes.
c
- a1200(?c1175) PMor.(Trin-C B.14.52)349 : [Þ]a narewe pað is godes has, þar forð fareð wel feawe.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)131 : Godes paðes ben ure gode dedes..þe us shule leden to eche liue.
- a1300 PMor.(McC 123)311 : Go we alle in þilke paþ, & he us wule bringe..biuore þe heuenkinge.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)185/13 : Þe angel of red..com..þe uor to teche þane way and þane riȝte peþ to guonne into paradis.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.26.7 : Þe sty of þe riȝtwis is euene; euene þe paaþ [L callis] of þe riȝtwis to gon.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Prov.1.19 : So þe paþes [L semitæ] of þe auerous man raueshen þe lyues of þe welderis.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.43.19 : Oure herte wente nott awei bacward, & þou boowedist doun oure paþes fro þi weie.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.77 : Ieremie..seith..Stondeth vp on the weyes and seeth and axeth of olde pathes [vrr. Patthes, pathees], that is to seyn, of olde sentences, which is the goode wey.
- a1400 Primer (StJ-C G.24)104 : Proue me, god, and wyte myn herte; axe me and know my pathes.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)14.300 : Þe sexte is a path [vrr. paþþe, paaþ] of pees, ȝe, þorw þe pas of altoun Pouerte myȝte passe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1818 : Want of siȝt made þe slydre, Þoruȝ myst of errour falsely to forveye By pathis wrong from þe riȝt weye.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Job 22.15 : Thou coueitist to kepe the path of worldis, which wickid men han ofte go.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)13/25 : Fiche þi feet þer fore in þe path of vertu.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.5.200 : Yif thou haddest entred in the path of this lif a voyde weyfarynge man, thanne woldestow syngen byfor the theef.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.8.3 : Allas, which folie and which ignorance mysledeth wandrynge wrecchis fro the path of verray good.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)239/20 : Þei mowe knowe if þei wille hise disceytis..þat is, fyndinge in her owne soulis ioye wiþoute vertu, not goynge out þe same paþ of mekenes and verry charite..as my parfiȝte trewe louers doon.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2463 : Demophon The same wey, the same path [vr. paath] hath gon, That dide his false fader Theseus.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)58/11 : Þai fro þe payth of rightwysnes in þer pilgrimage be sturbyld.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)2213 : O Venus..I shal folwen and pursywe Your pathis pleynly and doctryne.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.111/19 : To ryȝghfull desires of axer it is worthy vs to ȝeve liȝght assent, and the Desires the wich discorde not fro the pathe of reson..to fulfille.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)122/31 : God conferme and make þe strong..in þe path of trewth.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)77/9 : Flee the pathes of vicious men.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)751 : Oh, thow blyssyd Lord of mykyll myght, Of thy gret mercy, thou hast shewyd vs þe path..owt of dyrknes to lyght.
d
- (?a1390) Daniel *Herbal (Add 27329)f.195ra : Galaxia: þe whyt path of heuen or þe whyt cercle þat men calle 'Rome weye'; it is caused of brigth refleccioun of multitude of sterres stondende there fix.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.2.10 : This man..was fre, to whom the hevene was opyn and knowen, and was wont to gon in hevenliche pathes, and saugh the lyghtnesse of the rede sonne, and saugh the sterres.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.3 : The briddis of þe eir, & fischis of þe see..passen bi paþþis of þe see.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)12100 : Hys folk was ioiful & gl[a]dly let, ffor þeire pathe fare to Bareflet.
e
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)66/5 : In þe mydward of þe heed of þygh and of bones of þe schere, it was nedeful to make a grete hole and a paþþe [*Ch.(1): a way; L semitaz] by þe whiche synowe, muscles, veynes, and arteries haue descended, þe whiche beþ borne inward aboue.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)158/20 : The cure of bubones is dyuersed..so þat if it be after þe paþþe of crisis, i. determynacioun, or of þe þrowing oute fro a principal membre, þan it byhoueþ noght þat he put to euacuacioun.
2.
(a) In surnames; (b) in place names [see Smith, PNElem.2.58].
Associated quotations
a
- (1234) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames92 : Joh. in Thearepatha.
- (1234) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames148 : Henr. de la Pathe.
- (1275) Close R.Edw.I222 : Robert le Pathe.
- (1296) Name in LuSE 3541 : Del Peth.
- (1312) Name in LuSE 3541 : De Braunspeth.
- (1315) Name in LuSE 3541 : De Urpath'.
- (1327) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames92 : Phil. in the Harpit.
- (1333) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames92 : Joh. in the Harpath'.
b
- (1155) EPNSoc.13 (War.)64 : Ellespethe.
- (1160) EPNSoc.5 (North Riding Yks.)72 : Rauthepathe.
- (1196) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.29 : Brenspad.
- (c1200) EPNSoc.23 (Oxf.)178 : Horrepatte.
- (1202) EPNSoc.13 (War.)65 : Alespadph.
- (1210-12) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.145 : Morpat'.
- (1221) EPNSoc.39 (Glo.)239 : Baggepaht, Baghepathe.
- (1252) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.119 : Hodespeth.
- (1274) EPNSoc.39 (Glo.)239 : Bakepade.
- (1294-7) Name in LuSE 3541 : Brauncepeth.
- (1296) Name in LuSE 3541 : Morpath.
- (1309) EPNSoc.8 (Dev.)166 : Stikilpath.
- (1324) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.119 : Hodespith.
- (1340) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.29 : Brauncepath.
- (1365) EPNSoc.15 (Hrt.)106 : Tolpade.
- (1498) EPNSoc.13 (War.)65 : Alspade.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. path.