Middle English Dictionary Entry
orchard n.
Entry Info
| Forms | orchard n. Also orcherd, orichard, hor(e)chard, norchard, (early) orchærd, orcheard, (error) orchrd, & orchyerd, orch(e)yard, orcheyerde, orcheȝard, -ȝerd, (early) orhȝeart, & ort(e)yerd, orteȝerd, ortyard. |
| Etymology | OE ort-geard, orceard. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A garden; esp. a walled, ornamental garden used for meetings and recreation; also fig.; (b) ~ of likinge, pleasure garden, Garden of Eden; ~ of paradis, paradise; ~ ward, a gardener; (c) an orchard; appel ~, apple orchard; ~ side, the edge of an orchard; (d) in surnames; (e) in place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.56].
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(OE) Wor.Aelfric Gloss.(Wor F.174)550/16 : [Or]tus, orchard.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6465 : Heo comen in ænne orchærd [Otho: horechard].
- ?a1300 Thrush & N.(Dgb 86)98 : Ich habbe leue to ben here, In orchard and in erbere Mine songes for to singe.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)271 : Alle þe maidenes..Me schal bringe..into on orchard, þe fairest of al þe middellerd.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)273 : Abute þe orchard is a wal; þe eþelikeste ston is cristal.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1123 : He wente in an orchard þat þer was, And his disciples.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2283 : He ladde him in to an orchard..To speke wiþ him priueliche.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2058 : In orchard mett þai inne, Tristrem and ysonde fre.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.75 : Þis name Paradys..is to menynge an orcheȝerde [Higd.(2): a yorde or a gardyn; L hortus].
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)5 : His Innes and his orchardus were with a dep dich, Halles and herbergages, heiȝ vppon heiht.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)76b/b : Assuerus..made his feste tofore an orcheȝard.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)151a/a : The turtur..comeþ doun in to orcheȝerdes [L ortulos] & gardynes and feeldes of men and þere etiþ wherby þey lyueþ.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)186a/b : Paradys..þe name þerof is turned in to latyn and is to menynge an orcharde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10473 : Vp sco ras and yod..In-til hir orchard [Ld: Ortyerd; Göt: orichard]..To wepe þar be hir-self allan.
- a1400(?a1325) Bonav.Medit.(1) (Hrl 1701)303 : Beholde hym yn an orcherd syttyng, Hys treytur þere mekely abydyng.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)1027 : Paradis..es an orichard [Vsp: yard; Frf: ȝarde] cald of delijss.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1683 : Many a duk..gooþ myd hym to on orchard, And parlement hij haldeþ hard.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Is.1.29 : Ȝe shulen be aschamid on the orcherdis [WB(1): gardynes] whiche ȝe chesiden.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)1/13 : Þis book of reuelaciouns..I clepe it a fruytful orcherd.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)1/16 : In þis orcherd, whanne ȝe wolen be conforted, ȝe mowe walke and se boþe fruyt and herbis.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)1/21 : In þis goostli orcherd..I wole þat ȝe disporte ȝou..in what aleye ȝou lyke.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)284/25 : Myche myscheef falleþ in þe orcherd of holy religyoun.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)316/35 : I wolde þou and oþire were trewe scheep, euere for to be fed in þe orcherd of holy chirche.
- (1435) Doc.in Rec.B.Nottingham 2359 : A comon lane..lyges betux ye orteȝerd of Sent Johnes Place and Colȝar Barnes.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)686 : Myldore and hir maye Went to ane orcherde to playe.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)1056 : Theyr vse yt was..to stele owte..In-to the orteyerdys..Vndyr a walle.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)7.97 (v.1:p.86) : Apollyne made a chirche in hir orcheyerde [L: in viridario] and buried therin worshipfully the bodie of Seynt Anastas.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)310 : Man and wif..saugh the feire orcharde and the daunces and the caroles.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)311 : The orcharde..was cleped..the repeire of ioye and of feeste.
- a1500 GRom.(Glo 42)742/23 : He..Entred in-to her orcherde, And þer he fonde a welle.
- a1500 Leg.Cross BC(1) (Wor F.172)219 : Dauid ded and buried in the Orchard of Kynges, Salamon reigned.
b
- c1225(OE) Wor.Aelfric Gloss.(Wor F.174)550/17 : Ortolanus, orchardweard.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.273 : He lay wiþ his peple seven dayes in þe orcheȝerd of likynge [Higd.(2): gardyn of delices; L horto deliciarum].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.31 : God Almyȝti byhoteþ hym paradys, þe orchard of likynge.
- a1456(a1402) *Trev.Nicod.(Add 16165)111a : Þou hast elost þe orchard [vr. orchrd] of paradys.
c
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)193/18 : Ȝe beoð ȝunge impen iset i godes orchard [Tit: orcheard; Cleo: orhȝeart].
- c1300 SLeg.Judas (Hrl 2277)70 : Þis tuei schrewen..ȝeode alone pleye vnder an orchard; Swiþe faire aples pilatus iseȝ þerinne.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)66 : Dame Heurodis..went in an vndrentide To play bi an orchard-side..Vnder a fair ympe-tre.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)134 : Ich lay þis vnder-tide & slepe vnder our orchardside.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)163 : He..me brouȝt..In-to our owhen orchard & said..'be Riȝt here vnder þis ympe-tre.'
- (1385) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.99265 : In portacione unius scale del orchard.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)186a/b : Paradys is an orcharde of likyng..ffor þere ynne growen al manere treen, and alle manere treen beren apples.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8200 : He suld þam [wands] bring, to set in ward Wit-in his aun orchiard.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11696 : To þat tre þan spak iesu..'I wil þou fra nu forward Be planted in min orcherd.'
- ?c1400 Rolle Psalter (Sid 89:Bramley)78.1 : Appel orchardes [UC 64: thai sett ierusalem..at the liknynge of appils garthis].
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Eccl.2.5 : Y made ȝerdis and orcherdis [WB(1): appil gardynes; L pomaria], And Y settide tho with the trees of al kynde.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)50b/b : Pomarium: an orcharde.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)3 : A grete Wynde..ouerthrewe many an house..and fferde ffoule with the Woddes and Mennys Orcherdes.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)13 : Appullyerde, or gardeyne, or orcherde: Pomerium.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)89a : An Orcherde: pomerium, pemetum [read: pometum].
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)108/4 : Lekyn þanne þi subgitz to oon orche-ȝerd [Caritate: ortyard; Ashmole: an herber; L viridario] þat hauys diuers trees berynge fruytz.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)810 : Pomerium: a norchard.
d
- (1244) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames143 : James del Orchyard.
- (1253) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames143 : Luk. Attenorchard.
- (1274) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames143 : Joh. de la Orcharde.
- (1296-7) Acc.Cornw.in RHS ser.3.6632 : Ada ate Horcharde.
- (1313) Sub.R.Bristol(1) in BGAS 19239 : Thomas atte Orcharde.
- (1327) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames143 : Will. atte Norchard.
- (1327) Sub.R.Som.in Som.RS 3145 : Rogerus de Orchard.
- (1329-30) Name in LuSE 35131 : Del Orcheyard.
- (1441) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)588 : Iohannem Orchard.
e
- (1315) Name in LuSE 35131 : Del Westorcheyard.
- (1376-8) in Davenport Nrf.Manorp.1 : Le Orchyerd.
- (1396) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.51 : [A close called] Seyntmarieorchard.
- (1397) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.138 : [A close called] le Orchard.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (1377) Doc.Manor in MP 3453 : De herbagio dil Ercheyerd, Wyndyerd, et wurteyerd nihil.
Note: New spelling