Middle English Dictionary Entry
nailen v.
Entry Info
Forms | nailen v. Also nail(e, naille & (early) nail(l)i, naȝlen. Forms: p. nailed(e, naild; ppl. i)nailed, naild, i)nailled, neilled, naled, hineiled & (early) ineiled, ineilet, i)nailet, inaillet, naȝled, inæȝlæd, inæȝlod & (error) naileth. |
Etymology | OE næglian, ?Merc. & K *neglian. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To nail (sb. or sth. to sth.); ~ to cros (rode, tre), crucify (sb.); (b) to nail (sb. or sth. on sth.); ~ on cros (rode, rode-tre, tre), ~ o (a) rode, ~ upon cros (tre), crucify (Christ); ~ up, fig. nail (oneself) upon (a cross); (c) ~ abouten, to nail (sth.) around (sth.); ~ at, nail (sth.) to (sth.); ~ in cheste, nail (sb.) in a coffin; ~ overthwert, nail (sth.) across (sth.); (d) nailed with iren, nailed together with iron nails; nailed with timber, held together by wooden pegs; (e) ?to be crucified; ?crucify.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225 Stond wel moder (StJ-C E.8)6 : I se þi fote and þine honden nailed [Dgb: I-nayled] to þo harde trie.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.Creed (Trin-C B.14.52)21 : His holie lichame was tospred on þe holie rode and nailed þarto his fet.
- a1300 When y se blosmes (Roy 2.F.8)20 : Wel sore he was yswnge..ynayled to þe tree.
- c1300 Iesu cristes milde moder (Arun 248)24 : Hise fet washen wit blode an inaillet to þe tre.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)178/16 : He let heom binde..And to þe Eorþe naylli heore fet.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (Hrl 2277:Horst.)96 : Hi leten hem diȝte a gret schip..wiþ bolehuden..ynailed þerto faste.
- a1350 Iesu for þi muchele miht (Hrl 2253)43 : He was nailed to þe tre, wiþ scourges yswongen.
- ?c1350 Swete ihu cryst (BodLtrg 104)19 : At midday was ihesus crist y-nailed to þe rode.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.9 : Symon..was y-nailled to þe crosse [Higd.(2): crucifiede; L crucifixus] in þe chirche of Ierusalem.
- c1390 Chart.Abbey HG (Vrn)360 : Þei..make[d] markes and holes where his hondus & his feet scholde be nayled to.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.259 : The nayles with whiche he was nayled to the croys.
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)24/28 : The centre of this rewle shal be nayled to the centre of the forseide barre.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)250b/b : Þe laþþe..is y-nayled thwartouer to þe rafteres.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)147/18 : Þei nayleden him faste to þe cros and hongede him an heiȝ.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)Col.2.14 : He..þe handwryt of þe lawe..bar fro þe myddys, naylande it to þe crosse.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)6/18 : The pece þat wente ouerthwart, to the whiche his hondes weren nayled to, was of palme.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)370/22 : He beynge bounde & nailid to þe cros, delyuerede & vnloside ȝou fro þe boond of deedly synne.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.5814 : It were weel meriere a man to gon at large Than with irenes be nailed to a blok.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2277 : Of fourty dayes ete he nowth And þanne was naylyd to a tre.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)44/36 : For here synnes nayle me to þis crosse.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)1387 : A particul of a naylle..Wt þe whyche Jhesu was y-naylled to þe crasse.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)935 : We haue greuyd owr Lord on grovnd And put hym to a new paynfull passioun..New naylyd hym to a post.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.224 : Some other sayin he slette his wombe full keen, The lengest gut to a stacke he nayled tho, Led hym about the stack..Till all came out that was his wombe within.
b
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)114/16 : Þa synfulle men sceolen iseon..þære næȝlæ swaðe, þe he wæs on rode mid inæȝlod.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.224 : Þatt illke flæsh..wass Forr uss o rode naȝȝledd.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12098 : He wollde þolenn himm To naȝȝlenn himm o rode.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)62/6 : Godes honden weren ineilet [Cleo: ineiled; Tit: inailet] o rode.
- a1250 Creed (Nero A.14)217 : Ich bileue..on iesu crist..þet..ineiled was oðe rode.
- ?c1250 Somer is comen & (Eg 613)26 : 'Do we,' sayden he, 'naile we him opon a tre.'
- c1300 Assump.Virg.(1) (Cmb Gg.4.27)112/35 : He þat of hire nam blod..Heng Inayled on þe treo.
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)1343 : He schold hii him faste To make nailes..To naile Iesu Criste on þe rode.
- a1325 Loke man (Bod 42)2 : Loke man to iesu crist hi-neiled an þo rode.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)82/91 : On crouche y-nayled was ihesus.
- c1350 Ayenb.App.(Arun 57)263/3 : Iesu crist..y-pyned onder pouns pilate, y-nayled a rode..a-ros uram þe dyade.
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)18/12 : Lat this cercle be nayled vp on the circumference of this bord.
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)18/18 : The middel of the bord, on which middel shal be nayled a plate of metal rownd.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2900 : His skyn was schape al meete, And nayled on the same seete.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14900 : He was naild on þat tre.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16357 : All þai cried als wit a muth, 'nail him on rode tre!'
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)23/18 : For we ben heuy þorow erthly loue, nayle we vs with foure nayles vp þis cros.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)992 : Thei nayled him fast vppon þe croys.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)6/5 : And þere is on of the nayles þat crist was naylled with on the cros.
- a1450(?a1349) ?Rolle Luf es lyf (Cmb Dd.5.64)86 : Jhesu was nayled apon þe tre and al blody for bette.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)63b : Brugges ymade of liȝt tymber & tables or bordes fast nayled or bounden þerevppon.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3556 : On þyn hed þei þryst a croun And on þe cros þe naylyd.
- a1475 In place (Hrl 3954)4 : A bok hym is browt, Naylyd on a brede of tre.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)34 : Our Lord Jhesu Crist..offird hymself to be naylid vpon the crosse for our lof.
c
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.29 : He is now deed and nayled in his cheste.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8242 : Quen all was closed, a-boute þat tre A siluer cercle son naild he.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)92/4 : At þe nethir ende of þe pavisse, he gart nayle a burde.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)47b : Þey frette þilke bootys to gidre and nayled ouerþwart hem brode bordes.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.1578 : Shortly in a shete [read: chest] she was naileth [vr. neyllyd] And buried in the queere.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.B.288 : Whan she was dede and nailed in a cheste..Euery man tooke his leeve.
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)202a/b : Magnes is a stoon..mounteyns of suche stones..drawe to hem and breken schippes þat ben ynayled wiþ Iren.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)229 : Þe ȝates gune vp to blowe, That were wiþ yern ynayled.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)350 : Naylyd wythe yryne: Cavatus, conclavatus. Naylyd wythe tymbyr: Cavillatus.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3376 : If any Naue to it [adamant] neȝe, þat naylid is with iryn, Þen cleuys it ay to þe clife carryg & othyre.
- a1500 Peterb.Lapid.(Peterb 33)p.100 : Þer ben moyntens in þe see of schilce magnes, & þerfor þey drawen to him & brekyne schippis þat ben Inayled with yerne.
e
- a1325 Þenc man of mi (Roy 12.E.1)3 : I let me nailen to þe tre.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)16385 : To naile on tre he is not worþi as fer as I se can.
2.
(a) To pierce or transfix (sb.) with a nail or nails; (b) to equip (a spear) with a head or point; fix rivets in (armor); secure (sth.) with nails; ppl. nailed, secured, studded, or strengthened with nails; (c) to stop (sth.) as by transfixing with a nail; transfix (sb. with arrows); ~ in, pin (sth.) to (sth.); ~ togeder, join (two objects) as with a nail; also fig. ~ tonge, silence (one's) speech; ~ up in, direct (one's love, etc.) towards (heaven); (d) to drive a nail.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)34/8 : Iudas ȝeaf sancta helenæ þa fif næȝlæs ðe ure drihten mid inæȝlæd wæs.
- c1300 SLeg.Patr.(LdMisc 108)256 : Þe feondes..seiden..heo wolden nailin him þare wel faste.
- a1325 Heil beo þou Marie Mylde (StJ-C S.30)23 : Þou seye ihesu crist nayled hond & fete.
- ?c1335 Þe grace of god (Hrl 913)133 : Hi nailed him in hond and fete..Deþ he þolid opon þe tre.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)39/27 : Þe foure nayles þat Criste was nayled with thurgh fote and hand.
- (1433) ?Phillip Serm.GF (BodLTh d.1)250 : As I was nailide hand and fote, sic tu filius dei, et sic saluabis hominem.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)7/16 : There is on of the naylys of yryn that Crist was nayled withal.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)1103 : My handys sprede abrode to halse þe swyre, My fete naylyde to abyde wyth þe.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)318/416 : Thrugh feete and handys nalyd was he.
- a1500 ?Rolle De Passione (Tit C.19)46 : Thei..nayled him with a grete nayle thourȝ the riȝt honde.
b
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)564 : Ðat arche was a feteles good..Naild and sperd, ðig and strong.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2503 : Knyghtes of retenue and eek squyers Naylynge the speres and helmes bokelynge.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)599 : Bi þat watz Gryngolet grayth, & gurde with a sadel..Ay-quere naylet ful nwe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.104 : Many on was besy for to naille His felawis harneis, for to make it strong.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)5.744 : Another table thei leide on hym aloffte, Nailed also.
- (1450) Lin.DDoc.41/27 : All other necessarijs that ar nayled fast in the said place I wol that thei abyde stille.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)88/32 : Þis gratis schullyn haue doris of yren bund & naylid.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6049 : All hiss lufe & all hiss lusst Iss naȝȝledd upp inn heoffne.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.1184 : O noble wyues ful of heigh prudence, Lat noon humilitee youre tonge nayle [vr. nayille].
- c1425 Siege Jerus.(1) (Hnt HM 128)813 : His boote & his heele were nayled togydre & also yfastnyd to his steedes syde.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)4.3735 : He lakked myht hir [Fortune's] variaunt wheel to naille.
- (?a1443) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.xxxiii : They shall abye upon their bodies and be nayled with arrowes.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)813 : Waspasian wounded was..with an hande-darte, Þat boot þrow þe bote & þe bone nayled Of þe frytted fote in þe folis syde.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)6265 : Meknes hath so her tonge nayled..They be as Muet as a ston.
d
- a1500 ?Rolle De Passione (Tit C.19)46 : Than thei nayled throuȝt the tother honde.