Middle English Dictionary Entry
mister n.
Entry Info
Forms | mister n. Also mistēr, mistier, mistre & mester, mestier, mesterre, meister, maister, (early) meoster & muster; pl. misteres, etc. & mistere. |
Etymology | OF mestier, mester, mister. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
An office, a position.
Associated quotations
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)268 : Þou ssalt, sire botiler, þi mester vnderfonge, Wiþ alle worssipe mest þe king serue longe.
- c1300 SLeg.Chris.(Hrl 2277)44 : Cristofre iseȝ his grete folc, & þat he was of gret poer; Of such a louerd he was glad, & of such a mestier.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)261/13 : Þare nas man in no mester..so quoynte, Þat heo nas to bringue men to sunne.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3826 : God sal to-morgen token don, Quilc kinde he wile ðis mester on.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)122/13 : Þe loȝeste byeþ ase sergons and þo þet byeþ ine office and habbeþ þe mestyeres [Vices & V.(2): offices; F mestiers].
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)187/36 : Of zuiche uolke is lhord a dyeuel..þet is y-cleped ssette-pors..he hedde þet mestier uor to ssette þe porses of þe wrechchen, þet hi ne ssolle by open to do elmesse.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4669 : Ioseph thoght wel on his mister [Göt: mistere], Did gader sariantz and squier To gedir wrightes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26109 : For to tell sum-thing þer neist þat to þe mister falles o prist.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7474 : He took Tholomeus herneys And made hym in heiȝ mester, Þe kynges first conseiler.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6976 : I am somtyme messager, That fallith not to my myster.
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)428 : The marshalle shalle herber alle men in fere, That ben of court of any mestere.
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)639 : And speke I wylle of oþer mystere Þat falles to court..An euwere in halle þere nedys to be.
2.
(a) An occupation, a profession or trade; (b) a guild of craftsmen.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)33/549 : We beþ kniȝtes ȝonge..& of vre mestere So is þe manere Wiþ sume oþere kniȝte Wel for his lemman fiȝte Or he eni wif take.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)78/10 : He [St.Matthew] bi-lefde þo his weork..And is false mester liet.
- c1300 SLeg.Inf.Chr.(LdMisc 108)1159 : Jesus..cam to a diestare And seide he couþe of his mestere.
- c1300 SLeg.Inf.Chr.(LdMisc 108)47/1389a : Þe grom hauet to him i take His Ax þat guod was to his mester, And bi gan for to wurchen þer.
- c1300 SLeg.Theoph.(LdMisc 108)9 : He dude him out of his mester, and is guod him bi-nam.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)823 : He neuere at home lay; So wolde he his mester lere.
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)1233 : Men of mister he had sleie; Þei maden þe werk to risen heie.
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)137/38 : And of myster þat ich [a prostitute] habbe ileorned, ichelle beo ȝou prest & hende.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3541 : Euerich man of ich mester Hem riden oȝain wiþ fair ater.
- c1330 St.Greg.(Auch)89/425-7 : Ȝif me order to be kniȝt; To þat mister [vr. Mester] ichil gon, Helme to bere and brini briȝt; Oþer mister [vrr. Ordre, ordres] wil y non Þer whiles icham so ȝong and liȝt.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)167/19,27 : We yzeþ uorbisne, ate leste ine alle þe mestyeres [Vices & V.(2): craftes] þet me deþ mid hand..ase uele miȝt þou to þan vinde uorbisnes ase þer byeþ workmen at paris of alle mestyeres.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2684 : Ho-so wil noȝt now do wel, for-sake he þys myster.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.613 : In youthe he hadde lerned a good myster [vrr. mystre, mayster, mester; misterye]; He was a wel good wrighte, a carpenter.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1692 : Of hem that ben Artificiers, Whiche usen craftes and mestiers, Whos Art is cleped Mechanique.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1526 : Scho was þe formest webster þat man findes o þat mister [Trin-C: crafte].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11840 : He ligges seke, And dos him lethes [read: leches] for to seke, And þai com bath fra ferr and ner, þat sliest war o þat mister.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26852-6 : Or if man be in sli mister þat þai mai þair sin noght for-ber, Als theif, reuer, or hazardour, Hore or okerer, or Iogolour, Bot þai þair mister wille forsak For fals penantes men sal þam tak.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.94 : He asked for his archere, Walter Tirelle was haten, maister of þat mister.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)160 : Olympyas..Wolde make a riche fest..Of burgeys and of jugelers, And of men of vche mesters.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)4.110 : Mayres..ouhten For to spure and aspye..What manere mester oþer merchaundise he vsede..Hit ys noȝt semly..Þat vsurers oþer regratours..Be fraunchised for a free man.
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)18/14 : Siþen hij [fishermen] retourneden hem aȝein to her myster, euer til Jesus hem cleped anoþer tyme.
- a1425 Alle þt thenke (LdMisc 463)p.202 : If it is a pore man Þat no mester ne can..To winne him noþer mete ne drinke.
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)101/651 : Florent..bad hym..go Vnto a bouchere, To lere his crafte for to do, Als hym was neuer of kynd þerto, To vse swylke mystere.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)923 : They..putten hire jn-to strong towr, & with hire tweyne wommen..Swich as to mester schold be That longeth to wommans parturite.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.39.82b : This feet be dyuers crafty men and laboureres..and ofte tymes suche mystier or craftes as be of lest reputacion be most necessary.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.39.83a : The iren part of the foot I calle alle tho mysteris or craftes which perteigne to the body with owt..armowreres, cotelleres, carpenteres.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)65 : Of what crafte or of what myster beth moste men?
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)14 : With hire ye shall put two women ffor to helpe hir at hir delyueraunce..And so she was shet in a stronge toure, and with her two women, the wiseste that they knewe of soche mystere.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)437 : Of a gode knyghtys mystere, Hyt ys the furste manere Wyth some odur gode knyght Odur to juste or to fyght.
- ?a1500(a1475) Wright's CW (Lamb 306)12 : Of a wryght I wyll you telle, That..lyued by hys myster.
b
- (1442) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)271/2 : This is thacompt of Stephen Broune, Alderman, uppermaister, and gouernour of the mistere of grocerie of London.
- (1442) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)260 : Ye have purchased of us..to have serch and correccion of the mestier of Taillours, otherwyse called Taillours craft.
- (1450) Doc.in Power Craft Surg.321 : Alle the persones enfraunchised in the craft and mistier of Barbours wythin the said Citee.
- (1464) RParl.5.566b : And vi s. viii d. therof to the use of the Rulers and Governours of the mistere of the Cordewaners.
- (1464) RParl.567a : Shewen and besechen mekely the men of the Craft of Horners enfraunchised in the Cite of London..For asmuch as the makyng of Hornes and other werkes perteynyng to the seid mystere beth not, [etc.].
3.
(a) A duty, task, or function; also, the function or purpose of a thing; (b) an action or activity, a practice.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)22/203 : Mi meoster [Roy: mester] is to do riht forte demen.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)28/270 : Nihe wordes þer beoð, ah hu ha..beoð iordret..& euchanes meoster [Tit: mester] were long to tellen.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)38/3 : Hit is hare meoster [Nero: mester] þe beoð ouer oþre iset & habbeð ham to witene.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)39/6 : Halde euch hire ahne meoster, & nawt ne reaui oþres.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)45/20 : On oðer half neomeð nu ȝeme of hwucche twa meosters [Nero: mesteres] þes twa menestraws seruið hare lauerd þe deouel of helle.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)212/13 : Marthe meoster is to feden poure & schruden as hus leafdi.
- a1275 Louerd asse þu ard (Trin-C B.14.39)15 : Ful þurue heo [devils] beoit abuten hore mesterre To makin us þuru sinne of blisse to ben sære.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)924 : Ido wel faire mi meoster [Jes-O: mester] An warni men mid mine bere.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (LdMisc 108)588 : Ich ne lette ov nouȝt..to don ouwer mester.
- c1300 SLeg.Magd.(2) (LdMisc 108)457 : An holi man schal cristni eov, þe bischop Maximus, Þat can is mester don swiþe wel.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)532 : And on ðe sexte hundred ger Wimmen welten weres mester, And swilc woded wentem on, Golhed hunkinde he gunnen don.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3397 : Merlin tok þo to ich mester, Þat sleiȝe were and of power.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)478 : Rihtes mester hit is and wes, In vche dom pees to maken.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1680 : It [Noah's ark] sal be made wit stages sere, Ilkon to serue o þaire mistere [Trin-C: Vchone for dyuerse manere].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2154 : Sem had fiue suns sere; Of an to spek es our mistere [Frf: meistere].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3498 : Þe hus to kepe and ma þe mett, Mast to þat mister was he sett.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)6709 : Þou shalt habbe..an hundreþ þousande gentil squyers Þat connen þee serue in alle mesters.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)8.7 : And þo þat holpen to erien or to sowen, Or any maner of mester [vrr. myster, mystyer] þat miȝte peris helpen.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)24/10 : Þe vassels þat fallis til hir mester sal sho yeme als onestelike als te vassels þat ere haliȝed obute þauter.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)37/14 : Gyf þai auantis taim of þair werke..sho sal be don owte of hir mister, til sho haue amendid hir faute.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)22.245 : Thine herte is thing of speritwelte, The goode from Evel to knowen..And this is Only hise Mesteere.
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)352 : Now speke we wylle of officiers Of court, and als of hor mestiers.
b
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)536 : And ðe fifte hundred ger, Wapmen bi-gunnen quad mester, Bi-twen hem-seluen hunwreste plage.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)65/24 : Saynt augustin zayþ þet noþing zuo moche ne ys ylych to þe dyeules dedes ase cheaste; Þes meyster [Vices & V.(2): maister]..payþ moche þe dyeule.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)29319 : Þe tent [sin that incurs cursing] es of þis okeres þat openli dose sli misters.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)11576 : We haue now al þis fyue ȝer Lyued in lechours mester.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)65 : Vlfyn..thow knowest wele what longeth to soche mystere; I pray the helpe me..and speke so to hir as thow knowest is for my spede.
- 1532(?a1400) RRose (Thynne)7407 : And FalsSemblant..[Had], as it were for such mister, Don on the cope of a frer.
4.
(a) A skill, an art; (b) a product of skill or craftsmanship.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)110/4 : Ha [jugglers] biuoren hond leornið hare meoster to makien grim chere.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)15/229 : Stiwarde, tak nu here Mi fundlyng for to lere Of þine mestere of wude & of riuere.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)876 : In mene ich hadde..staleworht men of mester, To serue in court fer and ner.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)898 : Mine men of mester he slough alle, And oþer pages of mine halle.
- c1390 Cato(1) (Vrn)547 : Leorn sum good, whil þou miht..Mester [L Ars; F le art] wol not fayle þi lyf, Hit nul þe neuere forsake.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1202 : A clerk þat..wyl nat ȝyue hym for to lere Clergye ne craft or ouþer mystere.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3457 : He [the Centaur] had in custom..For to goon vn-armyd into þe felde, With-oute swerde, spere, axe, or shelde; For he no þing koude of þat myster.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)156 : He lepte vp lightly as he that hadde grete mystere.
b
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)165/4,7 : The wommen maken..all maner mysteres [F mestiers] & craftes, as of clothes, botes..þei maken houses & all maner mysteres [Man.(2): necessaries; F mistieres], out taken bowes & arwes & Armures, þat men maken.
5.
(a) Need, necessity; ~ of, need of (sth.); haven ~, to have need, be needy; be under the necessity of (doing sth.), need (to do or undergo sth.); al that we to ~ haven, all that we need; that hem ~ neded, that they had need of; you worth to hem ~, to you will be need of them, you will need them; (b) haven ~ of (to, til), to need (sb. or sth.); (c) ben ~, to be a need or necessity; gret ~ hit were, it would be very necessary; him was no ~, it was not necessary for him (to do sth.); unto the ben no myster, it is not incumbent on you (that you do sth.); if ~ were (be), if there were (be) need, if it were necessary; is no ~, is not a necessity, is unnecessary; therof is ~, there is need of that; whan ~ is, when it is necessary; whan (that) ~ were, when there was need; what ~ is, what need is there (to do sth.); etc.; (d) ben ~ with mister as quasi-adj.: al that ~ were, all that was needed; as ~ was, as was needed, as was suitable; ben to me ~, to be necessary for me; hit) is ~, it is necessary; if we thinken ~, if we think necessary; ~ were, it was necessary (to do sth.); than ~ were, than is (was) necessary or suitable; etc.; (e) a difficulty, a problem.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3428 : Þai wil..help þe oȝain king Lot..Ȝou worþ to hem wel gret mister Herafterward.
- c1350 PNoster (Roy 5.C.5)249 : Ȝeue us to dai and eueri dai al that we to mister haue.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)70/360 : The sevent, to bery dede men that has mister.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1919 : Mete & al maner þing þat hem mister neded, Þe werwolf hem wan & wiȝtli hem brouȝt.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.3 : Laued men haues mar mister Godes word forto her Than klerkes.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.5 : Als gret mister haf thay To wit quat the godspel wil say Als lered men.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.154 : Þe toþer nam..Es cald clensing of our lefdeye, And thohquethir hafd scho na mister To be clensed on slic maner.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)6860 : Seynt Ihon commaundede his aumenere To ȝyue hym ouþer syxe [bezants], for he had mystere.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4718 : Lauerd, þou ha merci O þi folk for vnger ded; Was neuer mare mister [Frf: meister; Göt: nede] o bred.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.193 : For þe pes to seke has þou no mystere [F tu n'as pas mester].
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)67 : I haf ȝerned and ȝat ȝokkez of oxen..to bowe haf I mester, To see hem pulle in þe plow aproche me byhovez.
- c1400 Ilka man (Tbr E.7)118 : Me think we er worthi to blame..þat in oure werkes er failand when we had moste mister to stand.
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)23/25 : Þe hole man ne haþ no nede of leche, ac þe seeke man haþ myster.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)1805 : Þan had he mister forto mete Sum man þat myght his bales bete.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)5/134 : He has euer bene blith & glad To mend al men þat mister had.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)20 : My fleesch is freel, my soule [hath] eke Ful grete mister to make mones.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)197/14 : He sleþ þe syn of glotere, Noþer etis ne drynkis bot fore mystere.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)31 : And ȝif the pleyntyff holde hym to the defaute aforseyd, thanne hath the tenaunt myster to defenden commounys and distresse be his lawe.
- c1440 Treat.PN(2) (Thrn)262 : Þane hase he myster..þat he do swylke werkes.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)7180 : Forby alle oþere he þem honured; Þat mester hadde, he þem socourred.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)116/15 : To gif it [understanding] til þam þat hase nede, noght til other þat hase na myster.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)30.335 : For it schal ben non gret Mestier, the schethe ȝit to declaren In non Manere.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)186/11 : He had myster to com home.
- a1500 Bevis (Cmb Ff.2.38)185/17 : Ȝiff I haue mystyr, to þe I sende.
- c1500 Castle Love(3) (Ashm 61)236 : And euerych of þem had somethyng Off hys wyte and hys powere, Iche-one as þei had myster.
b
- c1300 Assump.Virg.(1) (Cmb Gg.4.27)113/68 : And sike heo broȝte in here bedde; Nas þer non so hol ne fer, Þat to hire nadde mester.
- c1300 SLeg.Inf.Chr.(LdMisc 108)1370 : To Josep cam a bacheler And seide he hadde to him mester.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4514 : He hadde mister..To fele kniȝtes, him to helpe, To fiȝt oȝain þe Sarrazin welpe.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.192 : Þe Cite nad no mestere of sonne ne of mone [F ne a mestier de soleil ne de lune], for þe briȝtnesse of god haþ liȝtted it.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.194 : Holy chirche shal haue no myster to prayer ne of sacrifice..it ne shal haue no myster of prechour ne of techer.
- c1390 Cato(1) (Vrn)38 : Worschupe god, & him biseche Of þing þou hast mestere.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.137 : For ar we bigin our prayer, Quat he [God] war of we haf mester.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Abp.& N.(Phys-E)p.88 : His frendes saw wel bi his faz That he hafd mister of solaz.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3247 : Bun was he made til his buskyng, Wit tresur grette and riche ring, Suilk als maiden had of mister.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20124 : Þat tai ne had of hir mister.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28275 : Þai suld haue to me mister.
- c1400 Wycl.Blasph.(Bod 647)414 : Þof he [Christ] asked..þinges of his servauntis þat he had myster of and nede, he beggid not.
- a1400 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Pep 2498)p.26 : Þou seist þat þou art riche and hast mester of noþing.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)3314 : Of swilk a man haue I mystere.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)3205 : Mister haved he of socoure, For he come never in swilk a stoure.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5614 : That he of mete hath no myster.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6078 : Teche hem..In what place thou shalt founden be, If that men had myster of thee.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)22/4-5 : Þe hale hauis na mister o miri, Bot te seke hauis mister.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)1325 : Of þyn help gret mester [vr. nede] haue we.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)113/7 : Godd hase na mister of mete [F ne deuoient point pour manger] ne drink.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)433 : Thou that myster has of grace, go to this spring-welle.
- c1440(?c1350) Mirror St.Edm.(4) (Thrn)25/35 : Oure Lord Ihesu lerres man all þat he hase myster till þe lyfe þat es callid actyfe.
- c1440(?c1350) Mirror St.Edm.(4) (Thrn)32/10 : He will gife us all þat we hafe myster of.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)11213 : Ȝif ony mester that j haue of Socour, look ȝe not me Faylle for non langour.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)95/5 : Whan they han myster of ony monee for reparacioun of here cherche..they gon to that eche pond.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)278/196 : But firste will I nappe..For he hase mystir of a morne slepe þat mydnyght is myssand.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)1446 : That Charls was thare he herde telle And hade mystere of powere.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)554 : Þe Kinge..hase mestur of suche a thinge, Of knyȝtus in a cowunturinge.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)307/7 : Of your helpe I had grete mystir.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)1109 : Y haue mystur of soche a man.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Spencer 19)1.1.4b : No doubte I hadde ful huge mister [vr. mestier] þer of.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)44 : He will come to the when thow haste of hym myster, but now thow haste of hym no nede.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)138 : Eche yede to his ostell to resten, for ther-to hadde thei nede and gret myster.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)3978 : God ordeined a man him to fede After þat his kinde haþ nede And al þe remenaunt forto saue Til he þerof mister haue.
c
- a1350 St.Alex.(1) (LdMisc 108)51/300 : A man þat scholde..bringe him boþe drynk & mete, Whan þat mester were.
- a1400(c1250) Floris (Eg 2862)951 : Til þis is herde of more and lasse, What myster is to bere wytnesse.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15661 : Þou said for me, if mister [Trin-C: nede] war, to ded thole suld þou fight.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20793 : Disput, he saies, es na mister Bituix te wis in swilk a wer.
- ?a1400(a1338) *Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Petyt 511)5b/[586] : Juno hett me powere; þerof..is no mystere [vr. mester]; kyng soun I am & lord sall be.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)2733 : Him was no mister forto crave; Redy he had what he wald have.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)7373 : Helle..es swa depe..þat it moght kepe Alle þe creatures..Of alle þe world, if myster ware.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6581 : Thus mot he don..But if it be in certeyn cas That I can reherce if myster be.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)93 : And ȝif the defendaunt be so rebell..thanne be it awarded from court to court, ȝif mister be [F si mester seyt], that he be distreyned by alle his goodys and chauteux with ynne hous and with oute.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)63/25 : Þe macedoynes stode on þe toþer syde, redy to succour þam when myster ware.
- c1440 Rolle FLiving (Thrn)13/8 : Begynn we at Consaile, for þare-of es myster [Cmb: maste nede] at the begynnynge of oure werkes.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)586 : Iuno hyghte me poer; Þerof..ys no mester; Kynges sone y am.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)10/26 : Ne vnto the it is no myster That thou to Serebrus, the porter Of helle, besie the his cheynes to breke.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)57/19 : They shulde..ledde me from cete to othir yif myster were.
- c1475 Awntyrs Arth.(Tay 9)p.9 : To mynne me with massus, grete mestur hit were.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)32/14 : I woll encountir with kynge Bors, and ye woll rescow me whan myster ys.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)409 : He techiþ not wel his floc, ne puttiþ his lif for his sheep aȝenus þe wolf whanne myster is.
d
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1388 : In his schip was boun Al þat mister ware.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.205 : Ȝee ne wyten whan he shal come, And þerfore it is myster [vrr. muster; nede] to ben alway redy.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24810 : Wit triffor [read: trissor] son his scipp was tift..O siluer and gold giftes to bede, Mar þan mister es to rede [Phys-E: þan es mister for to rede].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28377 : I ha ben mare Grenand and greueand þan mister ware.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)342 : Hit may wel be þat mester were his mantyle to wasche.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)3447 : Ther er venial syns: First, when a man etes or drinkes mare Anytime þan myster ware.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)3477 : When þou prayses any man mare Thurgh flateryng, þan mister ware.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2044 : He tels how crist depairtid hase Intil ilkon, os myster was.
- ?a1450(?c1400) Wycl.LFCatech.(Lamb 408)19/340 : And kepe so þy tast þat þou swolow no more Þan ys nede or myster to þy bodily sustynaunce.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)35 : Sum poyetis..With ffablis and falshed fayned þere speche, And made more of þat mater þan hom maister were.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11815 : Þat mys to amend, is maistur ye go To the corse of þat kyng in his cleane towmbe.
- a1500(?c1400) Song Roland (Lnsd 388)321 : And we may son help yf we þink myster.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)521 : But aray me horse and armes soche as ye knowe be to me mystier.
- a1500 Fyrst whan a man (Trin-C O.2.40)32 : Whan þou presys any man more Thorowght flateryng than myster wore..yt ys a venial syn.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4002 : Þerfore I seie amys þei do Þat etith more þanne mister is to.
- 1532(?a1400) RRose (Thynne)1426 : Through moisture of the welle wete Sprong up the sote grene gras As fayre, as thicke, as myster was [F com il convenoit].
e
- 1451-1500 Tundale (Wagner)2146 : Of alle thing Tondale had knowyng thore; Hit was no myster [vr. nede]; he lered more.
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)437 : Hyt was no mystur þem to bydde Aftur the Erle to goo.
6.
A difficult or dangerous situation, plight, distress, peril, need, time of need, poverty.
Associated quotations
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1340 : I noot which hath the wofuller myster [vr. mester], For..Palamoun..is dampned to prisoun..And Arcite is exiled.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)803 : Quen þai sagh ham self al bare..þai cled þam þan in þat mister Wit leues brad, bath o figer.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5281 : In mister [Göt: presun], sir, i mai noght lain, I wad [read: was] don þar i suffurd pain.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10134 : For-þi rede i þaim þat yee here þat mai yow help at [Göt: in] your mistere.
- a1400(c1340) Rolle Psalter (Hat 12)10/74 : Naman may be excused þat harmes a gode man in word or dede, for alle ere halden to help hym in his myster.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2787 : Hope..Doth hem endure all myscheef; Hope is her helpe whanne myster [F besoing] is.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)10456 : He hem sles & doun hem kest..His men..halp him wel at his mestier.
- (1432) Will York in Sur.Soc.3022 : Item, to ye Goddes house in Paradise a rough felt..to lay on ye pore folke yt hafe mystre in ye wynter.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)340 : Mystere or nede: Indigencia, opus.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)41/52 : I am full olde and oute of qwarte, Þat me liste do no daies dede, Bot yf gret mystir me garte.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)3860 : Whene þey [Frenchmen] comen to þe mystere, And see men begynne strokes dele, Anon þey gynne to turne here hele.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1462 : In all his mast mystir nad he þat man faylid.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1774 : For mestire [Dub: mister] & miserie, vnneth may þou forthe Þine awen caitefe cors to clethe & to fede.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)18170 : Now..were tym þat he be gan To lere þe law þat euer sall last and in myster most mend hym may.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)330/12 : O, þou rightwus & mercifull God..I beseke ye at þis tyme to behalde my myster.
- c1450 Cato(2) (Sid 63)436 : Dispende þi gode in suiche manere, þat þou it kepe to þi mistere.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2480 : Yf it be so þat I..ȝewe help in yeur mystere..what shall my guerdon be?
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)9384 : To god preyng, þat he wolde here And hym to helpe in hys mystere.