Middle English Dictionary Entry
mīre n.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | mīre n.(1) Also mir, mirre, mier(e, (error) mye & (chiefly SWM) mur(e, muir(e. |
Etymology | ON; cp. OI mȳrr. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Bog, marsh, swampland; quagmire; lai ~ [see lai n.(1) (b)]; sparen nought for ~ ne mos, to refrain on account of neither swamp nor bog, sparen nether mud ne ~ (nother ~ ne mor), shun neither mud nor swamp (neither swamp nor moor), hesitate or refrain for nothing; (b) a swampy or boggy place; an expanse of marshland; a muddy patch; walken in the ~, to walk into (?wake up in) a bog, be deceived; yongen in mires, wander in the swamps, ?be stuck in the mud; (c) dirt, mud; wet or soft mud; ?also, sand [quot. ?a1400]; -- sometimes pl.; don is in the ~, the horse is mired; fig. things are at a dead stop [see also don n. (a)]; also in prov.; (d) dust as that to which man returns; (e) ?a pile of filth or dung (cp. mix n).
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Cmb Gg.1.1)518 : Car ceste eauwe en butemay [glossed:] muire [vrr. myre, more or mire].
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.972 : As a bitore bombleth in the myre, She leyde hir mouth vnto the water doun.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)5064 : He was so laid with armes and legges Als thikke as mire with segges.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)338 : Myre, or maryce: Labina, palus.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.36 : The watir out of gaseyn or of myre [L palude] Be not ybrought.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)344 : His way nolde he nouȝt tourne; Sparyd he nouȝt for myre ne mos.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)84b : Ȝif þou haddist on þyn oo side hul or see..or more or myre [L paludes]..suche þinges..lettiþ þin enemy to come nygh þe.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)63/36 : They yode ouer a mareys for the nexst waye, but thei fell in the myre.
- c1475 Why Nun (Vsp D.9)2 : They spared nether mud ne myer But roden over Inglonde..To seke owte nunryes.
- a1500(?c1400) Gowther (Adv 19.3.1)417 : He toke his speyre..And spard nodur myre ne more.
- ?a1500 Trin-C.LEDict.Suppl.(Trin-C O.5.4)600/3 : Palus: myre.
b
- ?a1300 11 Pains(1) (Dgb 86)404/146 : Half me doþ hem in a fuir And half in a worse muir [vr. mur].
- a1350(1307) Execution Fraser (Hrl 2253)73 : Nou kyng hobbe in þe mures ȝongeþ, forte come to toune nout him ne longeþ.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)100/2023 : Arondel, þe gode palfrai..He arnede awai wiþ þe king Þourȝ felde & wode..And in a mure don him cast.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2191 : Þei..sewed him fast ouer mountaynes & mires.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2619 : Þe werwolf hem ladde ouer mures & muntaynes & many faire pleynes.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2312 : Wel xxti feþme ful he þan of dupnisse vmtil A myre.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)97b/b : In mures and in mareys is moche superfluyte of slyme & of wose.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)169b/b : Grete commyng of water and slyme and fenne ben ofte founde in marreys and myres þat ben harde for to passe.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)4.384 : Comune cleymeþ of a kyng..Lawe, loue, and leaute and hym lord antecedent..here hefd..haldyng with no partie Bote stande as a stake þat stykeþ in a muyre By-twyne two londes for a trewe marke.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)14.168 : In mareis and in mores, in myres and in wateres, Dompynges dyueden.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)749 : Þe gome vpon Gryngolet glydez hem vnder Þurȝ mony misy & myre.
- a1425 Wel were hym (CmbAdd 5943)6 : For offte men but holde chere; And trystly [?read: trystyt] frendes..Þat walkytt in þe myre.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)3087 : Þorow myres, hylles, & vales, He made brugges & causes.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2986 : Sum ware dreuyn doun in dikis, sum in depe myrys.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)329/4 : Many tymes his horse and he plunged over their hedys in depe myres.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)6.379 : That place..is so inaccessible thro myres and waters [Trev.: water mareys and meores; L paludibus et stagnis], that hit may not be commyn to but by bootte or schippe.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)81a : A myre: labina, vbi maras, palus.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)215/15 : His clawes of his feete may be sey there in a harde stone, as he hadde stonde on a softe mouable grounde or mye [read: myre].
- a1500 Hal.Gloss.(Eg 829)p.7 : Paulus, i. ludus: a marrys, or a myere.
- ?a1500 Trin-C.LEDict.Suppl.(Trin-C O.5.4)591/11 : Labina: a myre.
c
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.419 : The superfluitee in lengthe of the forseide gownes trailynge in the dong and in the myre..is verraily as in effect wasted.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.683 : He wolde make a womman wene To gon upon the faire grene, Whan that sche falleth in the Mir.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1974 : His carte amidd the Myr..Fulofte sithe I overthrowe, Whan that he weneth best to stonde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1631 : Betre is upon the bridel chiewe Thanne if he felle and overthrewe The hors and stikede in the Myr.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2723 : He dremeth ofte Hou that he stiketh in the Myr, And hou he sitteth be the fyr.
- a1400 Bevis (Eg 2862)30/638 : He smote on her sweres Þat her hedes fel on þe myres [Auch: fleȝ in to þe riuere].
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.70 : To bank ouer þe sond, plankes þei ouer kast. Als William þer on suld go..he tombled..his helm was fulle of myre.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)301/14 : Þou..walowist þereynne as an hogge in þe myre.
- 1448 Rich.(Arms 58)7055 : Mire [Cai: Weber: Be the dymmyng off the more, Men myghte see where Richard fore].
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)2384 : Be his day kept, he rekkeþ nat a bene, But elles, siker, 'don is in þe myre'.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)335/9 : Whare-somevur he saw Goddis bodye, he wolde fall down and wurshup it, and it had bene evyn in þe myre.
- (c1450) Now is the Fox drevin (CotR 2.23)9 : All gooth bacward, and don is in the myre [rime: hire].
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)158/28 : The damesels..threwe myre uppon the shelde.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)310/36 : Ever ye thretyn me I shall be betyn wyth knyghtes that we mete, but..they all lye in the duste or in the myre.
- a1475 Imit.Chr.(Cmb Gg.1.16)82/25 : Al men mowe..trede vppon the as vppon myre [L lutum] of the streete.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.2334 : Better is with truthe to dwelle and digge in the mire, Than of a theif to haue a sclaunderous name.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)244 : Yf he be fede ouerwell, he wyll dysobey Ande in happe cast his master in þe myre.
- a1500 Bevis (Chet 8009)68/1169 : Beues..pullid hym right to the ground and caste hym in myddus the myre [Auch: fen].
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)47 : Your ploughe shall com to no harde grounde but go schoutyng all in myrre.
- c1500 King & H.(Ashm 61:Hazlitt)418 : Hopys thou I wold for a mase Stond in the myre there and dase?
- a1550 *Ripley CAlch.(BodeMus 63)50a : Do as done dawbers with claye or mire: Temper them thicke.
d
- c1390 In a Pistel (Vrn)80 : Þi flesch..wol rote..þou..nedes dye..For eueri mok most in-to myre.
e
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)81a : A myre: marda, mardum, stercus.
2.
A pool; stream.
Associated quotations
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Is.14.23 : I shal putte it [Babylon] in to the possessioun of an irchoun, and in to myres of watres [WB(2): mareisis; L paludes aquarum].
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)19/9 : Þei seme smal kuttid aboue þe knees, as þauȝ þei schulden wade & stampe in myres aftir eles.
3.
(a) The slough of sin; ?also, hell [quot.: Wycl.]; ~ of sinne; fleshli ~, physical or sensual temptations; (b) difficult or desperate situation; distress, trouble.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.508 : He [a priest]..leet his sheep encombred in the myre.
- c1390 ?Hilton Qui Habitat (Vrn)4/5 : Whon I was sunken in þe muyre [vr. myre] of synne..þou, lord..toke me vp from þer i lay.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1114 : Þat Mayster is mercyable, þaȝ þou be man fenny And al tomarred in myre.
- c1400 Wycl.Dominion (Dub 244)286 : Synne..bryngiþ his doere into þe same myre þat he eschewiþ.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)3048 : Þou..mysvsyst his [God's] blyssyd pacience, Of cursyd custum plounchyd in þe myre.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)387/256 : Þou motes his men in to þe myre; To breke his [God's] bidding were thei boune.
- c1450 Good god (Add 37788)2 : Good god, make me for þi love & þi desyre ley doune þe birden of fleshly myre, And erthly lykingis to lothe.
- (c1456) Pecock Faith (Trin-C B.14.45)211 : God therfore helpe out of the seid diche and myir alle tho that ben therynne.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)301/270 : Thou moyttys as man dos into myre.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.290 : Allas! a thousand folk hath rakel ire Fully fordoon or broght hem in the myre.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)29/71 : Sir Philip..And his sun..Has left vs ligand in þe mire And broght vs till þis doleful dance.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.315 : An hasty man..is anon hote as ony fuyre And ouerthroweth all into the myre.
- a1500 Religious pepille (BodPoet b.4)48 : Þei [wommen] eryn þe well of comfort & mekenesse; Ner the wisdomes, all we were in þe myre.
4.
In cpds. & combs.: ~ dromble [cp. mor-thrumbil], the European bittern (Botaurus stellaris); ~ pit, a boggy or muddy hole; mires tortois, a marsh tortoise.
Associated quotations
- (1219) Reg.Lin.in Lin.RS 3430 : In alio loco vnum selionem ad mirepit.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)149b/b : The mirdrommel..is a bridde þat makeþ soun and voys in watir.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)151b/b : A myre dromble..is a bridde of the mareys & woneth in myry place.
- c1400 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Hrl 490)714 : Mydrynbyll [?read: myrdrynbyll; Cmb: wodelarke; F chalaundre].
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.966 : Whan thou dredist hail..in thy right honde A myris [vr. myres; L palustrem] tortous bere aboute thy londe.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)81b : A myre drommyll: Ciconnia, onacroculus, onocroculon grece uel onocroculus, onocracidus.
- 1483 Cath.Angl.(Monson 168)50 : A Buttir; vbi myredromylle; Auis est.
5.
(a) In surnames; (b) in place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.47].
Associated quotations
a
- (1277) in Kristensson ME Top.Terms37 : Thom. del Mire.
- (1296) Close R.Edw.I481 : David in the Mire.
- (1327) Sub.R.Lei.in AASRP 19.2262 : Willelmus on ye myre.
- (1344) in Kristensson ME Top.Terms50 : Rog. fil. Joh. del Blamyre.
- (1354) in Kristensson ME Top.Terms37 : Ric. in le Mire.
b
- (1243) EPNSoc.5 (North Riding Yks.)199 : Gormyr'.
- (c1250) EPNSoc.21 (Cum.)360 : Braithemire.
- (1285) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)246 : Le Starmire.
- (1362) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)164 : Wragemyre.
- (1370) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)246 : Thakmyr'.
- (1382) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.164 : Le Redmyres.