Middle English Dictionary Entry
māten v.
Entry Info
Forms | māten v. Also mat(e, matein, matten; p.ppl. i)mated, i)mat. |
Etymology | OF mater. Some quots. under māt adj. 1. (b) perh. belong here as p.ppls. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Chess To checkmate (the king), defeat (an opponent) by checkmating his king; also fig.; ~ cheker [see cheker 1. (c)]; (b) to overcome (sb.), overpower, defeat; make (sb. or sth.) powerless, render helpless, damage, destroy; ?kill; also, ppl. mated, exhausted, worn out; mated of his main (their strengthes), made powerless, deprived of his (their) strength; (c) to make (sb.) miserable or wretched, afflict; put (sb.) to shame; (d) to confound (sb.), confuse, baffle, bewilder.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)315 : 'Child, what wiltow lay?' 'Oȝain an hauke..Tventi schillinges..Wheþer so mates oþer fair, Bere hem boþe oway.'
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)329 : Matyn [Win: Mattyn] at the chesse: Mato.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)5922,5924 : By hir crafte he knyw..She sholde maat many oon..Or eny sholde hir maat ageyn.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1749 : Atte fourth game..in the ches..Þe Burgeyse was i-matid.
- a1475 Chess(1) (Porter)603 : At ij drawghtis, the black King shalbe mated.
- c1475 Chess(2) (Ashm 344)602 : Then chek wt thy Pon ande mate hym wt thy other Pon ther þe crosse standeth.
- c1475 Guy(4) (Cai 107/176)7697 : And after chesse sone they sente..At a cheke..Sadoyne was wroth..For he was matyd so sone there.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.168 : Help now my game, that is in poynt to mate.
b
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)52/14 : Sawuin ow seoluen ne maten hem betere ne mahe ȝe o nane wise.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)175/28 : Wið na þing ne mahe ȝe matin [Nero: ouer-kumen ne maten] him betere.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)1326-7 : Þe strengþe of Jhesu..Hym haþ al mated and ouercome. Ouercomen and imat he was ful sone.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4000 : Ar he þe half o þaa haa slayn, He sal be matid [Göt: masid] of his main.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21041 : Þat Imperur wend him to mat In a tun was welland hat; Fild of oyle he did him schott.
- a1400 Bevis (Eg 2862)1575 : Mated [Auch: On a dai, ase he was mad & feint].
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2326 : With vs to werke to her destruccioun..And of Grekis þe malis for to mate.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)106/68 : For I am alde..Ful light pain sone may me mate.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)167/225 : Þe maysters say scho suld be mated.
- a1450 Castle Love(1) (BodAdd B.107)831 : Matyd [Vrn: Pruide..al maat and ouercomen wes].
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)4801 : Thei found the king..Criyng and making thretinges To the Soudan and his forto mate.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)9532 : Fyne shippes..Consumet full cleane..And mony mo were..marred & mated with fire.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1270 : And þat left ware on lyfe, bot a litill meȝne, Ware als malstrid & mased & matid of þaire strenthes.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)195/5834 : Alle my myrthe ye mate may or entewne.
- a1500(c1386) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)163 : Quen matyd is monnes myȝt and his mynde passyde.
- a1500 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)p.108 : The qwene of heven hym matid with hire sons passionne.
c
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)613 : Bot now þou motez, me for to mate, Þat I my peny haf wrang tan here.
- (?c1415) Hoccl.Hen.V Money (Hnt HM 111)23 : Lat nat the strook of indigence vs mate.
- a1450 ?Audelay The pater noster (Dc 302)69 : Delyuer vs..Fro al maner of mys þat wold vs here mate, þat neuer no males ouse mare.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)8/120 : Purely mated with sorowe..my-selfe I crye on your goodnesse to have pite on this caytif.
d
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8479 : Þat was na clerc sa crafti kend..Þat moght þe clerc wit clerge mat [Frf: mate] Þat cuth þe bokes þat he wrat.
- (1402) Topias (Dgb 41)p.50 : The spiritis of the devel mateyn ȝoure tokenys, thourȝ quenching of torches in ȝou tayl-ende.
- a1450 Dial.Death & KKA (Add 37049)6 : Clerk ful of skill, þat cowthe with wordes men mate & stylle.
- c1450 To thynke (Add 31042)p.318 : To thynke it es a wondir thynge Of this werldis mutabilytee, I am matede in my mosynge Of the variaunce..þat j now see.