Middle English Dictionary Entry
Mai n.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | Mai n.(2) Also mei, maie, maii, (early) mæi, maiȝe & maius. |
Etymology | OF & L |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The month of May; biforen ~, before May 1; maies morwe (morninge), a morning in May; maies dai, a day in May; thriti maies, thirty Mays, thirty years; (b) butere of ~, maies butere = ~ butere [see also butere 1. (c)]; creme of ~ [see creme n.(2)]; maies dai = ~ dai; also, another day in May on which a festival is held; monthe of ~, maies monthe, sesoun of ~, May; (c) May blossom, hawthorn blossom; -- also pl.; (d) as name for fair young woman.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1114 Chron.Dom.A.9 (Dom A.9)an.1114 : Forbarn Cicestre..on ðone dæg iii No. Mai.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)24200 : Aueril eode of tune..and men gunnen spilien þat wes Mæi [Otho: May] at tune.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)32198 : Elleoue daȝes biforen Maiȝe he ferde of þisse liue.
- c1300 SLeg.Aug.Cant.(LdMisc 108)83 : His day is toward þe ende of May.
- a1350 In may hit murgeþ (Hrl 2253)1 : In May hit murgeþ when hit dawes.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3310 : A lemman hadde this noble champioun That highte Dianira, fressh as May.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.245 : He ordeyned a monthe and cleped hym Maius [Higd.(2): Maij], þat is, þe monþe of þe grete men.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)prol.5 : Bote in a Mayes Morwnynge..Me bi-fel a ferly.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1045 : The thridde signe is Gemini..His propre Monthe..Assigned is the lusti Maii.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)124b/b : The fifþe moneþ is Madius & hatte may also.
- c1400 Chaucer Astr.(Cmb Dd.3.53)1.10 : Ianuare, Februare, Marcius, Aprile, Mayus.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.56 : It so bitidde, As I shal synge, on Mayes day the thrydde.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1098 : I may naught slepe nevere a Mayes morwe.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1062 : And after wynter foloweth grene May.
- c1432 Bishop Notes in PMLA 49 (Cmb Dd.14.2)457 : Þe Moneday, þe xx day of Maij.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.BC (Trin-C R.3.20)96 : It is more þane thritty Mayes Þat I haue sought frome lande to londe, But yit oone Gresylde neuer I fonde.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)45 : Whanne comen is the May..ther daweth me no day That I nam up and walkyng in the mede.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)59/1473 : Not wot y now what wise to bere my chere This day of may so fulle of gret gladnes.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)165/2 : Ye schall wete þe best tyme is to angle from the be-gynnyng of May vn-to Septembre.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)76b : May: quidam mensis, Mayus.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1023 : He was of all colours Þat man may se of flours Be-twene Mydsomer and May.
- a1500 Fasc.Mor.in Silverstein ELyrics (Rwl C.670)p.98 : Trewe loue in herbers spryngeth in May.
- a1500 When thonder comeþ (Cmb Ff.5.48)22 : If þonder come in clene May, Þat ȝere worthe many a wete day.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1110 : On þære fiftan nihte on Maies monðe, ætywde se mona.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2089 : And thus the Maies day to thende Thei lede, and hom ayein thei wende.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)77/34 : Tak..schepe talghe & hony & buttre of May.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.Mum.Bishopswood (Ashm 59)p.668 head. : Vpon Mayes daye at Busshopes wod.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2734 : In the moneth of May..frutes were kuyt.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)24/703 : This ioyous tyme, this fresshe cesoun of may, When florra shewith of flowris abundaunce.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)63/1844 : This dyane day, the first in moneth of may, Me thynkith a berith hem verry welle to me.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)69/16 : Tak betis..fry hem in fresshs botere or boter off may.
- a1500 Hrl.2378 Recipes (Hrl 2378)85/23 : Medle hem wel to-gedere with half a galoun of fresch buttyr of may.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)57/3 : Þes herbes al to brese in a morter, 2 pond or 3 of mays boter þat be freche with-out salt.
c
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)58/1692 : Awake..lete vs at wode to geder may in fere, To holde of oure oold custome the manere.
- a1475(?1445) ?Lydg.Cal.(Rwl B.408)129 : Now, glorious seynt Iohn of Beuerlay..Gadre us floures of heuenly maye.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.1032 : Erly on the morow also to fette hom fresshe maijs That maketh maidens stomble and falle in the breris.
d
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1886 : Thilke day That Ianuarie hath wedded fresshe May.
2.
Cpds. & combs.: (a) ~ butere, unsalted butter made in May and kept for medicinal uses; (b) ~ dai, the first day of May; (c) ~ deu, dew in May; ~ morninge (morn, morwe), a morning in May; ~ sele (sesoun, time), the season of May; ~ silver (moneie), a rent due in May; ~ staf, ?a Maypole; ~ thonder thunder in May; ~ time.
Associated quotations
a
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)20b : Fry ham with may buttyr and a litell alym.
- ?c1425 Arun.Cook.Recipes (Arun 334)464 : Put thereto sugre and saffron and May buttur.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)9/7 : Take Maye buttre & hony & þe white of an egge, & menge to-gedir.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)240/5 : Do þer-to a quarteroun of maybutter wel claryfyed.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)186 : Tak may buttre mad of ewe mylke.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)66/8 : Put all þis in an erden potthe with..maye-bother or hellys brockys-gres.
- ?a1475 Noble Bk.Cook.(Hlk 674)32 : Cast them in the potte to the creme and boile all to gedure; put ther to sugur, hony, and may buttar.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)121a/a : Alle þese herbis schulen be stampid with freisch swynys grese & schepis talowȝ & may buttere.
- a1500 Hrl.2378 Recipes (Hrl 2378)87/15 : Take fresche may buttire.
- a1500 MSerm.Mol.(Adv 19.3.1)p.83 : Ther he se how haddoccus wer don on the pelare, for wrong rostyng of may buttur.
- a1500 Sln.2584 Med.Miscell.(Sln 2584)127/9 : Medle hem with maybotere, friche and clene, made as þe melke comeþ fro the cowȝe.
b
- (1267-8) Acc.Wellingborough in North.RS 89 : Item de collectis a die compoti usque Mayday, vj [cheeses].
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)55/26 : Than kynge Arthure lette sende for all the children that were borne in May-day.
- -?-(1438) in Gross Gild Merch.2.65 : On Mayday the yerre of our lord Kyng Henry þe Seixt xvi, anno Dom. 1438.
c
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)24 : For melodye þat þei made in þe mey sesoun, þat litel child..lorked out.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)823 : Alle freliche foules..for merþe of þat may time þei made moche noyce.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)prol.5 : But on a may morwenyng [vrr. morwe, morn], vpon maluerne hilles Me befel a ferly.
- a1425 Progn.Thunder(1) (Ashm 342)287 : May þonder toneth sirous honger of all þyng and wicked yer.
- (1431) *Acc.R.Witham : [5 youths have cut a Ouercula] pro un' maystaf.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.Virtue (Hrl 2255)23 : Somer toward whan buddys first appeere And the Maydewh round lik perlys fyne.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)317/407 : Anoþer erbe is callyd..tunhoo. Ȝif it be gaderid in may-sel And dryed, [etc.].
- (1452) Acc.All Sts.Tilney13 : Item, de le maysylvyn [read: maysylvyr], in toto v s. xj d. ob.
- (1474-76) Acc.St.Andrew Hubbard in BMag.31536 : Resceyued in gaderyng of May money for the Chirch, ix s. i d. ob.
- (1475) Acc.All Sts.Tilney44 : Item, de le Mey sylver, vij s. v d.
- (1480-82) Acc.St.Andrew Hubbard in BMag.32148 : Paid to the Commissarie to have the May money of parsons wife to entre it in the corte, x d.