Middle English Dictionary Entry
lǒuten v.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | lǒuten v.(1) Also lout(e, loutte(n, lute(n, lutten, lote & (?errors) louth, lought, louȝt(e, lawt. Forms: sg. 3 lǒuteth, etc. & lūt & (error) lowtih; ppl. lǒutinge, etc. & (error) levting; p. lǒuted(e, lǒutted(e, lūted(e, lō̆tede, lō̆ttede & lǒut(e, lū̆te, lū̆t(te, lō̆tte & (early) lēt, leat; ppl. lǒuted. |
Etymology | OE lūtan; sg. 3 lūteþ & -lȳt; p. lēat; pl. luton; ppl. -loten. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To bow, kneel, or prostrate oneself; make obeisance; of a banner or its shaft: sink or bend down in salutation; ~ a)doun, loue ~; ~ on knes, kneel; ~ on (to, unto) erthe, fall to the ground, fall or lie prostrate; ~ with hed, bow the (one's) head; (b) to bow to (sb. or sth.); also, kneel to; (c) ~ to (biforen, on, til, unto), to bow or kneel to (sb. or sth.), bow down before, make obeisance to; ~ to..with hed, bow (one's) head to (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- ?c1335 Whose þenchiþ vp (Hrl 913)p.135 : Þos wikid bestis lutid adune; 'Lord,' hi seiid, 'what is þi wille?'
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ruth 2.10 : Þe whiche, fallyng in to hir face & lowtynge on erþe, seide to hym.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)11.97 : But al lauȝwhinge he loutede [vr. loutydde; C: lotede] and lokede vppon Studie.
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)237 : Loueliche heo louted [vr. lowtet] and lacched hir leue.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2333 : And evere among he [Narcissus] gan to loute And preith that sche to him come oute.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1169 : I serve, I bowe, I loke, I loute, Min yhe folweth hire aboute.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)418 : The grene knyȝt..A littel lut with þe hede.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)261 : Ful ofte gendred is Envye..For swich as list nat onys loke a-syde To Reward hem whan they lowe loute.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)135 : Þir lurdans lattes þaire schaftes lout and wroght him wirschiping.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.683 : Tho Pandarus..took his leve and gan ful lowe loute.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7334 : And Fals-Semblant..Thankyng hym, gan on his knees loute.
- a1425 Nicod.(1) (Add 32578)140 : Þai [the banners] lowtyd noȝt at oure wyttynge.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)2623 : Whan he cam In, ful lowe gan he lowte.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1811 : Wondir lawe gun he lowte And haylsede þat hende.
- a1450(?1409) Vision Staunton (Roy 17.B.43)74 : Ofte þei lowtid and thonkid god hertly þat y was passid al thilk peroles and gresly sightes.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)2513 : Down to the erthe wele lowe thay loute, Howlynge and wepynge sore.
- c1450(?c1425) St.Eliz.Spalb.(Dc 114)114/21 : She shewiþ..John Euangelist, loutynge doun wiþ hir heed.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)301/20 : Þis lion..fawnyd þaim & lowtid vnto þe erth.
- a1456(a1402) *Trev.Nicod.(Add 16165)95b : We sawe..howe þe baneours lowted and bowed.
- c1460 Of alle mennys (Dub 432)59 : He lowted downe and at his fote lay.
- a1500 Þou þt sellest (StJ-C G.28)17 : As mydday deuelis goynge abowte, for money lowle ȝe lowte, flatteringe boyth more & lesse.
- a1500 St.Anne(3) (Tan 407)264 : Whan þey spokyn to her, ful lowe gonn þey lowte.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)333 : Þanne loutede y adoun, & he me leue grauntede.
b
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2163 : He lutten him frigtilike.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)27/578 : He louted his maister, þat com him bi.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.37.7 : I seeyȝ..ȝour handfulles stondyng all aboute to louten [WB(2): and worschipiden; L adorare] myn handfull.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 18.28 : Achymaas seide to þe kyng 'heyl kyng' &, looutynge þe kyng [L adorans regem], beforn hym boowid in to þe erþe.
- a1400(?c1300) LFMass Bk.(Roy 17.B.17)263 : Þo preste wil loute þo auter.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)495 : He louted hir and þam ilkane, Bot wordes wald he speke right nane.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6917 : Scribes and Pharisen..willen that folk hem loute and grete, Whanne that they passen thurgh the strete.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)562 : Ymagis and crossis ben lowtid of men.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)9301 : He..Often hure lout & on hure low.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)519 : Þe ledes louten [vr. lowttede] hym alle & a-loude sayde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1900 : Antenor..Lut not þe lede, ne no lefe toke.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2574 : Þan þai lacchyn hor leue, lowton hor kyng.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6176 : All luttyn the lord & þere leue toke, And foren onon to þe fild þaire fos to assaile.
- c1475 Court Sap.(Trin-C R.3.21)1537 : Dame Theology..Kyssyd hyr wyth blysse and lowly gan her lowte.
c
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)30/3 : Ant heo leat [Roy: let] lahe to hire leoue lauerd & þonkede him.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)14/2 : Aleast, to þe oþre ymagnes & to ower relikes, luteð oþer cneolið.
- c1230 Ancr.(Corp-C 402)26/17 : Ant eauer to þe aue lute wið þe heaued.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)46 : Me þuȝte þat ȝoure sseues..To me þei gonnen louten & to mi fet falle.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)453/165 : Heo lottede on him and eode forth.
- a1325 Prov.Hend.(Cmb Gg 1.1)st.40 : Þarafter metit he his fo; He loutit to him and letit him go.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)73/1557 : His disciple louted him to.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)239/7 : He yzeȝ ane gratne dyeuel, þet zet ope ane uyealdinde stole..Þer com on of þe princes and leat to him [Vices & V.(2): honored hym].
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3485 : Williams werwolf..held vp his foure-fet in fourme to craue mercy & louted to hem loueli.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.111 : Kneolynge, Concience to þe kyng loutede.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2377 : Though thyn enemy be reconsiled and maketh thee cheere of humylitee and louteth [vrr. loute, lowtih] to thee with his heed, ne trust hym neuere.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)284a/b : [Elephants]..comeþ so togideres in the newe moone and louteþ eueriche to oþer, and tourneþ so aȝein to here owne place.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4061 : Hijs breþer schaues he sagh lutand [Frf: loutande; Trin-C: loutynge] Til his allan þat was standand.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8355 : Þat lauedi til hir lauerd lute [Göt: to hir lauerd did loute].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20661 : Our leuedi luted him be-forn.
- a1425 NHom.(3) Leg.Suppl.Hrl.(Hrl 4196)145/250 : He had sight Of god him-self..And all his angels him obout, Vnto him forto loue and lout.
- a1425 PPl.A(1) (UC 45)3.42 : Lowtide [Trin-C: Mede..to þat men knelide].
- ?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)700 : To that lord thou moste lowte; With thy ryȝth kne let hyt be do.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)774 : This name of Ihesus has so gret in him vertu and myȝt, That all in heuen, erth, and helle suld til him loute with riȝt.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)505 : Þay..Lowttes to hym lufly and lettres hym bedes.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1241 : He lowtted [vr. loutes] down to þam alle.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)1552 : And he had ben a gode angelle, he nolde not for þe crosse han flowe, Bot rather..to þe crosse han lowtud fulle lowe.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)2845 : And euerychemone to hurre lowe dude lowȝt.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)250/1 : Sho come vp in-to þe where & lowtid up vnto þe altar.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)3858 : Be fore þe reliks all þai loute; On þair knees þai knelid all doune.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2924 : Geffrey was the first, to hanybald gan to loute.
- a1500 Bevis (Chet 8009)96/1930 : Many a man to other loutis.
- a1500 Mandev.(3) (Rwl D.99)448 : Vnto his lettres also they doo gret reuerence, ffor whenne they come to any lorde or to any manere of state, as soone as they seen hem, they lowte therto reuerently.
2.
(a) To submit, be obedient, knuckle under; (b) to submit to (sb. or sth.), obey; also fig.; (c) ~ to (til, until, unto), to submit to (sb. or sth.), obey (the king, a law, a summons, etc.); ~ under, serve (sb.); ~ until honde, submit to (someone's) power; (d) ~ for..to, to intercede for (sb.) with (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 Body & S.(5) (LdMisc 108)p.43 : As tou bere me aboute, Ne miȝt i do þe leste char; Þorfore most i nede loute [vr. stoupe]; So doth þat non oþer dar.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4305 : His [Love's] lok allan may bring Vn-til his thraldom þe king; And, maugre his, he dos him lute.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.322 : Þe tounes..To þe kyng felle on knes; his powere did þam loute.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3065 : He myȝt hem make louten and encline.
- a1450(a1400) Medit.Pass.(2) (Add 11307)76 : Whan þei [our hearts] arn sterne, styf, and stoute, Thorw þi myȝt make hem to loute, And tenderly to loue þat child.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)223 : They..Tooke prysoners and lernyd hem for to loutte.
- a1500 Tax has tenet (Dgb 196)31 : Sadly can they schowte..þe wycche were wont to lowte.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1089 : A myghty conflycte kept they with Vyce..Hoope stood vpryght, & Feythe wold neuer lowte.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.127 : And al it is Malencolie, Which groweth of the fantasie Of love, that me wol noght loute.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.120 : Þe lond gan hir loute, & alle was at hir wille.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)19/40 : With care men sall ȝow ken Edward ȝowre lord to lout.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)8966 : Als Ioseph was of þe Egypciens..Wham þai lowted als loverd.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8865 : All the lordes hit alowet & lowten þerto.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3549 : I hope þou wenes at we be like to þire lethire Persyns Þat þou þi lordschip to loute has now on late strayned.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5674 : Frigie, Flandres, & Fraunce & Femony vs loutis.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)3231 : The law þem lyst not leue ne lawt [vr. lovte] bot lyued in lust and lechery.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)8961 : Till hemm baþe he lutte & bæh Þurrh soþfasst hersummnesse.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.510 : Be he neuer so pouer of kin, & he wil to him lout, He makeþ hem riche anon riȝt.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2900 : He gate [read: garte] þe grettest to hire prison louȝte.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)67 : Þer-for þer duden vmtil his hond many a sarsyn loute.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2891 : And al the poeple unto thee louteth, And al the world thi pouer doubteth.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)2054 : Vndir þi breþeren þou shalt loute, Vndir hem to be as þral.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)11614 : And þei louted doun to him.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.42 : Þe folk vntille Humber, to Suane gan þei loute.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.282 : Þe ildes aboute alle salle loute vnto þat lond.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)933 : Claplaynez [read: Chaplaynez]..Rungen..To þe hersum euensong..Þe lorde loutes þerto.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1391 : To his ligaunce so he made hem loute.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4384 : Although he chastice thee withoute And make thy body unto hym loute, Have herte as hard as dyamaunt.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)23/35 : Plato was taken of þefes, sold, & so mad þral & lowtede to þe biddyngges of a wicked tyraunt.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)2089 : This holy couent cast hem for to loute To Cristis ordynaunce.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)24/25 : All þe grete lordez sall lowte till vs.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)5280 : He kan make hem to lowte Vn-to his subieccion.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)3.333 : And of Syr, the Riche baronage Shal to him lought for his renoun.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)78/2331 : Al most we deye; therto so lete vs lowt.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2872 : He shall make a-mendis..riȝt low to ȝew to loute.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)53/43 : To my lawys loke þei lowte, þat þei be kept in all degre.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)7016 : Some ben kynges bolde and stoute; To hem pore men muste often loute.
d
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)4.99 : Innocence ys yherde In heuene a-monge seyntes That louten for hem to oure lorde.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.171 : Lady, to þy leue sone, lowte for me nouthe.
3.
(a) To show honor or reverence; (b) to honor (sb. or sth.); ben louted, be honored; (c) ~ to (til), to honor (sb. or sth.), bow to in token of reverence.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 1.2 : As he cam to dauyd, he fel vp on his face & loowtide [L adoravit].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.720 : So lowe cowthe I nevere bowe To feigne humilite withoute, That me ne leste betre loute With alle the thoghtes of myn herte.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)10740 : Whase laȝheþþ himm Bineþenn hise lahȝhre & luteþþ hemm.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1926 : Ðine breðere and ic and she ðat ðe bar sulen luten ðe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4067 : Him thoght þat bath sun and mone..luted him on þair maner.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)71.11 : And loute hime sal kynges alle.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)381 : All erdly men hym bowe and lowt.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3285 : I was lorde..of londes inewe, And all ledis me lowttede that lengede in erthe.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)19/36 : Þou, wham all men wirchippez and lowtez.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)993 : Þare is na region ne rewme..bot it sal my name loute.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3454 : And in þe sege..to sitt he hir makis, Comands hire as a conquyres of knyȝtis to be louted.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Pseudo-F.(Dub 245)306 : He shal be loutid and worshipid more þen cristis lawe techiþ.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)21/434 : Byd euery man thaym luf and lowt.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Fran.(1) (LdMisc 108)351 : Þis foules bi-gonne echon Louten to him wel mildeliche.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)5.376 : Or were there any ladez for to loute [vr. louȝte] To hir highnesse with bysy obseruance.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)156/158 : To hym ffayn wolde I lowth.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)173/130 : All þis werd, ffor þer loue, to me xul þei lowt.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)5.8 : I sall lout [L adorabo] til thi haly tempill.
4.
(a) To worship; (b) to worship (sb. or sth.); (c) ~ to, to worship (sb. or sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2744 : Ȝho..for Upp inntill heȝhe munntess, Forr þatt ȝho wollde lutenn þær & lefftenn hire lahre.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1055 : He ros and lutte and scroð him wel.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2648 : He, luttand [Frf: louted doun and], thanked him [God] wit-all.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)21.29 : And lout sal þai in his sighte.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)207 : Icc amm Gabriæl, Þatt..stannde Biforenn Godd to lutenn himm, To lofenn himm & wurrþenn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6413 : Wiþþ ȝure maddmess lakeþþ himm & buȝheþþ himm & luteþþ.
- c1225 St.Juliana (Roy 17.A.27)18/161 : Ower lahelese lahen..leareð ow to luten dedliche schaften.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)4070 : He ðor lutten belphegor.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)32/174 : The first commandement charges us..That we leue ne loute nane fals goddes.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)271/937 : Adrian..wende þat placidas..schulde come hym next, his god to loute.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Mat.4.9 : Alle þese þinges I schal ȝeue þee, ȝif þou falle & loute me.
- a1425(c1300) NHom.(1) Martin AM (Cmb Gg.5.31)p.69 : Wyt ȝou well that I am Criste..Forthi will I that thou loute me.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.312 : Foure and twenti eldir men felden doun bifore him..and loutiden him.
- c1440(a1349) Rolle 10 Com.(Thrn)10/7 : Thy Lorde God þou sall loute, and til Hym anely þou sall serue.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)119/21 : Þou schalt not loute hem, ne worschip hem.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)21.29 : In thaire consciens..verray louters loutes the fadere.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)423 : We shulden not ȝyue dymes ne offeringis to siche men as to hooly chirche, as we shulden not loute þe fend al ȝif he shewide hym in ymage of crist.
- a1500 I comawnde alle þe ratons (Rwl C.228)4 : I comawnde all þe ratons..þat non dwelle in þis place..thorgh þe vertu of ihesu crist..þat alle c[re]aturs owyn for to lowte.
c
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1764 : Þes lease maumez..merreð ow & alle þeo þet ham to luteð.
- a1325 SLeg.Cross (Corp-C 145)198 : Me ne vond noþing to loute to bote maumetis.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3352 : To which ymage bothe yonge and old Comanded he to loute [vr. worship] and haue in drede.
- c1390 NHom.Martin AM (Vrn)14 : Þerfore i wole þat þou loute to me.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3453 : Þe statue ȝaf..Pleyn answer..With cerymonyes to Venus as þei loute.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2784 : Pirrus..was goon..To Appollo to knelen & to loute.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2937 : Lowe on my knees now I muste loute To þilk god þat makeþ men to route.
- a1450 Bible SNT(1) (Corp-C 434)Mat.4.9 : To me [Selw: ȝif þou falle & loute me].
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)252/35 : He is kynge of alle kyngis, And to hym lowteþ alle þyngis.
5a.
(a) To bend down, stoop; ~ a)doun; ~ to, bend down to (sb. or sth.); louting aslope, slanting; (b) to fall down; also, fall dead; ~ doun (adoun, dounward); (c) ~ doun, to hang down; (d) to descend.
Associated quotations
a
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)544 : For here mikle reming, rennande cumeð a gungling, raðe to him luteð, his snute him under puteð, & mitte helpe of hem alle, ðis elp he reisen on stalle.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16589 : He luted [Göt: lutede; Trin-C: louted] dun and kist it sun.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1306 : Ho comes nerre..Loutez luflych adoun & þe leude kyssez.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1504 : Þe lady loutez a-doun.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2255 : He lened with þe nek & lutte, & schewed þat schyre al bare.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1554 : Unto the welle than wente I me, And doun I loutede for to see The clere water in the stoon.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.3425 : But whan feeblesse or siknesse doon assaile, On feet and handis he must bowe & loute.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)316 : Lowtyn: Conquinisco, obstipo.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)52 : He [the hart] stotayde and stelkett and starede full brode, Bot at the laste he loutted doun, & laughte till his mete.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)43/1265 : In myn hert nys ioy in no degre More then biholde how she is in-goodly, With gladsom eyen, levting no poynt a-slope.
- a1500(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Dub 213)29/788* : Þus lowtes þis lede on low & lowsys hys chynez.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)98 : The archebisshop lowted to the swerde and sawgh letteres of golde in the stiel.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1880 : Ofte heo luten [Otho: fulle] a-dun alse heo wolden liggen.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5248 : Galathin smot first Guinbating Wiþ his sword ful but, Þat on his arsoun dou[n]ward he lut.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)9261 : He lefft his hors and fel to grounde..Top ouer tayl he gan loute.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)46.104 : Swiche stowte strokes ȝaf he Abowte that Many paynem he Made to lowte.
- 1607(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hrl 2124)92/176 : That sight that I before me see makes me downe to lowte.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)43b/a : In foure footed beestis þat hauen heedes loutinge doun to þe erþe ward..þe eeres ben in þe ouer partye.
d
- ?c1250 Somer is comen & (Eg 613)66 : Mid flode he lute adun & brace þe ȝates of þat prisun.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)833 : Þenne þe lorde of þe lede loutez fro his chambre.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)982 : He lowtede down, vp wolde itt ta.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.20 : And why þe sterre þat is in þe est ascendeth, Eft in þe west adowne aȝeyn to lowte.
5b.
Fig. (a) To become feeble; fall or sink down from fatigue or sleepiness; (b) to descend or fall on Fortune's wheel, decline in one's fortunes; (c) to be defeated; ~ loue (doun); (d) ~ from, to fall away from (goodness); (e) ~ to lif, to incline to life, live.
Associated quotations
a
- ?c1335 Elde makiþ me (Hrl 913)p.172 : Þe tunge..Lostles lowteþ in uch a liþ.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1925 : Er slepe made me to lowte.
b
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2254 : Fortune..With þe whirlyng of hir whele aboute..caused wrecches ful lowe doun to loute.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2029 : Sche reiseth on & doth anoþer loute.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.118 : Whan I [Fortune] am wroth, to make hem loute lowe..I do that trumpet blowe.
c
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.296 : A man þat beris him stoute whan þat he suld bowe, In chance if þat he loute, he findes foos inowe.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)24/97 : Þe bare made þam ful law to lout And delt þam knokkes to þaire mede.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)33/64-5 : At Neuel cros law gan þai lout; Þaire louted þai law and leued allane.
- c1450(?1436) Siege Calais (Rome 1306)54 : I trust to god to see that day, That for al thaire proude aray, fful low that thay shul lowte.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)3.872 : Which shall of all thy fone The pryde opresse and make hem loute dovne.
d
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)52.4 : Al louteden [vr. lowtyd; L declinaverunt] to-gidres fram godnes; hij ben made inprofitable.
e
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)41/1145 : For þe sygne of þys sacrement þe elyyng ys boute; Þat þyngge hys alleggaunce of euel, To lyf ȝef he schel loute.
6.
(a) To bend (one's head) downward; of a tree: bend (its branches) downward; ~ a)doun, bend down (one's head, one's face), lower; ~ inward (within), put (one's head) inside; (b) refl. to bow; ~ to, bow down to (sth.), reverence; worship (idols); ~ under, serve (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2116 : Þe þridde [assassin]..him smot a-non, And makede him loute a-doun is face to þe ston.
- a1325 Man folwe Seint (Add 11579)3 : Hee lut hys heued to þe.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2479 : Hengist vaire him þonkede & is heued lotte [vr. lowtede; B: lutte; vrr. lowte, lowted] adoun.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1305 : Ga to þe ȝatte..and lote [Göt: loute] þi hed inwar [Göt: widin], þi self wit-outte.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16350 : Iesus..luted dun his cher.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.2632 : The cedre off kynde, who looke weel aboute, To no thouthistil sholde his braunchis loute.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)731 : An appyl tre, with frut most lade, To folk that stonden in the shade, Mor lowly doth hys braunchys loute Than A nother tre with-oute.
b
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)219/3 : As ofte as heo hit doð..makien hare venie o cneon dun biuoren hire..& underuon þe penitence..lutinde hire lahe.
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)328 : He liet ane temple of Maumates..a-rere, þat men ne miȝten nouȝt i-finde to louten heom to bote maumates alle it were.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11614 : And þai þam luted vnder him.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2236 : Sir Gawayn þe knyȝt con mete; He ne lutte hym no þyng lowe.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)45/26 : Hey men shal come out of the Este into the weste and lout hame to the new martyr-is fote-stappis.